Celery

Fasali na namo da kula da tushen seleri a bude ƙasa

Tushen Celery yana nufin tsire-tsire tare da tsawon kakar girma. Wannan yanayin yana da mahimmanci ga masana'antu, amma a aikace ba shi da wuya a yi shuka seleri a wani dacha aka ba da wasu ayyukan aikin gona. A kan peculiarities na namo, da kuma dokoki na musamman don kula da seleri, karanta a kasa.

Features na seleri tushe

Celery tushen nasa ne shekaru biyu herbaceous da perennial amfanin gona na dawar iyali. Tsakanin tsire-tsire da manyan tsire-tsire (har zuwa m 1 m) suna da tsarin tsarin tsabta. Furrow-branched, kafa kafa karshen tare da pinnately ganye dissected cewa kama faski.

Furen-fari furanni suna tattara a cikin hadaddun inflorescences umbrellas. Babban darajar shuka ita ce tushe, ko da yake duk sassan shuka sun dace da abinci. Girman amfanin gona yana da nau'i mai siffar, tare da rarrabaccen kashi zuwa kashi 2. Gidansa yana da m, fentin launin launin toka. A yanke, jiki yana da fari. Yankakken yanke 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da farin da ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda yake da kyau tare da dankali a cikin soups da kuma dankali

Gidan ya fi son kasa da kuma gishiri. Babban fasali na shuka ba kawai tsawon lokacin girma ba ne, amma har ila yau yana da mahimmancin buƙatar danshi, abin da ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin asusu a lokacin namo. Celery yana da babban ƙarfin sanyi. A seedlings sun iya jure wa frosts ƙasa zuwa -5 ° C.

Shin kuna sani? Celery ta inganta karfin namiji.

Shuka da kuma namo na iri seleri

Kafin dasa shuki mai tushe a cikin lambu, ya kamata ka zabi kayan kayan dasa. Tsaba ba su da matukar tasiri don bunkasa su, saboda girman abun da ake ciki na esters a cikin abun da suke ciki, don haka lambu suna amfani da hanya marar amfani. Lokacin da za a zabi kayan dasa, a kula da hankali na musamman da aka nuna a kan kunshin. Lokaci ya kamata ya ƙare ba a baya fiye da shekara guda daga ranar sayan ba.

Tsaran lokaci na ajiya na amfanin gona da kasa da sauri a cikin kulawa suna nuna yanayi iri-iri. Sun yi girma kusan kwanaki 200.

Mafi fruitful, rare seleri tushen iri:

  • Giant na Prague;
  • Girman Rasha;
  • Diamond;
  • Shugaban kasa

Shuka tsaba

Shuka tsaba a kan fararen farawa daga Fabrairu 5 zuwa Maris 15. Kafin shuka tsaba dole a bi da su daidai. Wannan zai taimaka wajen bunkasa germination da girbi kadan a baya. Da farko, ana amfani da tsaba a cikin wani bayani dumi na potassium permanganate na 2-3 hours. A kan lita 250 na ruwa kara 1 g na manganese. Yawan ruwan zafi ya kasance cikin + 35 ° C. Bayan wannan magani, ya kamata a motsa kayan shuka a cikin "Epin" bayani (2 saukad da / 100 ml na ruwa) na tsawon sa'o'i 8-12. Bayan sun wuce wadannan matakai 2, ci gaba zuwa germination.

Shin kuna sani? Peat abu ne mai mahimmanci don samar da kwayoyi, kuma kwanan nan ya fara amfani dashi a cikin sallolin SPA a matsayin babban kayan abinci mai mahimmanci don wanke wanka.
Don yin wannan, ana kunshe da tsaba a gishiri. Don kwanaki 2-3 a cikin wannan jiha, ana kiyaye tsaba a zafin jiki na + 23 ... + 25 ° C, lokaci-lokaci moistening gauze kamar yadda ta kafe. Don haka cewa tsaba ba suyi girma daga irin wannan wuce haddi na ruwa ba, za ka iya ɗauka da sauƙi yayyafa su da murmushi kunnawa. Shuka tsaba cikin manyan kwantena da tsawo na 10-15 cm da girma na 30 × 20 cm Ana kwashe su da wankewa tare da wani bayani na manganese.

Don shuka tsaba, shirya wani substrate kunshi:

  • peat;
  • yashi;
  • leafy humus;
  • ƙasa don seedlings.

Ana gyara naurorin kasar gona a daidai wannan nau'in kuma ana bi da su tare da bayani na Fitosporin a mako guda kafin su shuka tsaba. Ana shirya bayani mai aiki bisa ga rabo daga 5:10.

Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da nau'ikan iri daban-daban na seleri.

Lokacin da aka shirya duk abin da aka shimfiɗa, an shimfiɗa lãka a kasan akwati (Layer tsawo 1 cm). Sa'an nan kuma ƙasa mai tsabta. A gefen ƙasa ya sa tsagi tare da wasa. Sakamakon zurfin su bai zama ba fãce 0.5 cm.Ya yada tsaba a nesa da 4 cm daga juna. Yayyafa kayan dasa tare da ƙasa mai laushi na ƙasa 0.3-0.5 cm Gilashin tukunya an rufe shi da gilashi ko polyethylene. Daga baya, an ajiye tukunya a wuri mai duhu inda ake kiyaye iska a cikin + 25 ° C.

Fidio: Shuka Seleri Tsaran Tsuntsaye na Seedlings

Shuka seedlings

A kan germination daukan kimanin 2-3 makonni. Kafin fitowar harbe na saukowa iska kullum, cire tsari don mintina 15. Idan ya cancanta, moisten kasar gona tare da spray.

Tare da fitowar seedlings yana buƙatar sake shirya seedlings a wuri mai kyau. Ana rage yawan zafin jiki na iska zuwa + 16 ° C. Watering seedlings da aka gudanar a kan bukatar - saman Layer na kasar gona ya kamata a kullum rigar, amma ba swampy. An yi motsi ne a ƙarƙashin tushen fom din, sosai a hankali, don haka kada yayi lalata bakin ciki.

Karanta kuma game da peculiarities na girma seleri tushen iri daga gida.

Tsarin abinci

Da zarar sun fara tsiro da siffofi 2 na gaskiya, suna zaune a cikin kwantena. Hanya mafi kyau don yin wannan shine ɗaukar tukunyar kwalliya - daga baya, lokacin da zazzafar zuwa cikin ƙasa, baza ka cutar da tsire-tsire ba, amma zaka iya motsa su zuwa ramuka kai tsaye tare da tukwane.

Lokacin da aka ɗora a cikin tukunya daban, tushen 1/3 ya rage ta. Yi haka tare da aljihun kaifi, sa'an nan kuma yanke da yanke tare da murmushi kunna gawayi. Kwana na farko bayan da aka ɗauka, zafin jiki na iska yana kiyaye a + 23 ° C, kuma lokacin da tsire-tsire sunyi tushe, sun rage zuwa + 16 ° C. Ana rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin dare zuwa + 10 ... + 12 ° C.

Bayan kwanaki 10-14 bayan daukana sa ciyar. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da "Appin" (3 saukad da abu da 1 l na ruwa). Wannan ciyarwa za a iya yi sau 1-2 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.

Watering kuma ci gaba da gudanar da shi ta hanyar spraying ƙasa daga spray. Mafi kyau rana tsawon tsawon seedlings ne 10 hours.

1.5 makonni kafin dasawa cikin bude ƙasa, seedlings fara harden. Don yin wannan, an kai shi zuwa ga wani baranda mai bude ko lambun, a hankali yana kara lokaci zuwa sararin samaniya har zuwa sa'o'i 24.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ba a bin tsarin tsarin zazzabi da aka ba da shawarar ba, ana amfani da tsire-tsire sosai, wanda hakan yana rinjayar ƙaramar ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire don haifar da tuber.

Shuka seleri a bude ƙasa

Ana ɗaukar kullun ƙarshe lokacin da seedlings ke da shekaru 60-70, lokacin da akwai ganye na gaskiya guda 4-5 a kan mai tushe.

Wani lokaci don shuka

Gyara yana da girma, da gaggawa tare da dashi ba shi daraja. Zai fi dacewa wajen gudanar da ɗauka a tsakiyar watan Mayu, kusan a cikin lambobin 10-20th. Yana da kyawawa cewa yawancin zafin jiki na yau da kullum zai kai kimanin + 10 ° C. Idan ka shuka amfanin gona a baya, sannan a ƙarƙashin rinjayar tsawon lokaci na tsarin mulki mai sauƙi, zai shiga lokacin flowering a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, wanda bazai bada izinin kafa tushen amfanin gona mai tsayi ba.

Don tushen da ya fi girma, kar ka rush shuka shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa

Daji mai kyau

Mafi dace da girma tushen seleri shi ne ƙasa mai laushi da aka haɓaka da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda ake amfani da su.

Wata daya kafin a dasa shuki, ana yin gyaran ƙasa sosai a kan bayoneti, an shirya naman mai juyi. Mako guda kafin a dasa shuki, za a yi amfani da "Phytosporin", wanda aka kimanta a cikin kashi 5:10.

Dokoki da saukowa

Tsarin gine-gine mai tushe na tushen seleri shine 30 × 70 cm. Ana iya sanya nau'ikan iri-iri a nesa da 20 cm daga juna, amma yafi kyau barin barin sarari.

Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da kaddarorin seleri.

An yi saukowa a cikin rijiyoyin. Shirya tudun ruwa don 2-3 hours kafin transplanting. Rigun rami ya kamata ya dace da tsawo na gilashin da ake dasawa a cikin tsire-tsire + 2-3 cm. Bayan da aka gina rijiyoyin, an zuba lita lita na lita na ruwa a ɗakin ajiya.

Idan tsire-tsire suna cikin kwantena na filastik, to, ana aiwatar da shinge ta hanyar amfani da hanyar sintiri yayin da ake ajiye nauyin tarin. Tsire-tsire a cikin tankuna na kaya suna komawa rijiyoyin tare da su. Babban abu - kar a overdo shi da zurfin na seedlings. Dole ne ku mayar da hankalinku a kan ingancin apical, daga abin da mai tushe zai yi girma. Babu wani yanayin da za'a iya rufe shi da ƙasa. Bayan dasawa, watering ne da za'ayi a karkashin tushen. Kowane tsire yana daukan kimanin lita 500 na ruwa. Bayan watering a cikin da'irar, mulching ne da za'ayi tare da ƙasa busassun.

Seedlings mafi kyau dasa a nesa na 25-30 cm

Ayyukan kula da seleri

Tsarin masana'antu na asibiti ba shi da bambanci da haka ga wasu gonar gona, amma yana da hanyoyi masu yawa da ya kamata a dauki su.

Yana da muhimmanci! Yayin tsawon lokacin seleri, ba za a cire mai tushe ba, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za su samar da asali.

Ta yaya kuma abin da za a ruwa

A al'adun yana buƙatar ruwan danshi, don haka watering ana aikata kowane 2-3 days, dangane da yanayi weather. Da yawan ruwan sama, yawancin sau da yawa kana buƙatar yin ruwa a cikin ƙasa. A cikin watanni rani na bushe, ana gudanar da ruwan sha kullum. Ku kawo ruwa cikin ƙasa da safe ko maraice. Watering za a iya yi a karkashin tushen ko ta sprinkling. Hanya mafi kyau - haɗuwa da waɗannan hanyoyi biyu na watering.

Ruwan ruwa don ban ruwa zai iya samowa daga rijiyar ruwa, rijiya. Babu buƙatu na musamman don yawan zafin jiki na ruwa, ba dole sai ya zama mai tsanani ba kafin amfani.

Yadda za a takin seleri

Lokacin yanke shawarar yadda ake ciyar da seleri da sau nawa a wani kakar don yin wannan, yana da daraja la'akari da cewa amfanin gona na tushen sun iya tara nitrates kuma basuyi girma sosai tare da haɗari na mahaɗar nitrogenous a cikin ƙasa.

Halal misali 3 zane:

  • 15 days bayan dasawa;
  • 20 days bayan na farko;
  • lokacin da tsire-tsire ya fara zama kai.

A karo na farko yana da mafi kyau don yin jiko a kan sabon ciyawa.. Add 10 kilogiram na kore zuwa lita 20 na ruwa. Don bugun fuska, za ka iya ƙara 30 g na gurasar da aka filawa. An rufe akwati tare da murfi kuma yana dagewa a kan wani wuri mai daɗaɗɗen kimanin mako guda, har sai ruwan ya fara farawa. Ana warware matsalar da aka samu, an shafe shi da ruwa 1: 0.5 kuma yana taimakawa 1 a kowace shuka. An binne ganye a cikin ƙasa a tsakanin layuka.

Bidiyo: Kafa tushen ciyayi

Na biyu ciyar ne da za'ayi ta yin amfani da bayani na itace ash. 500 g na ash suna kara zuwa lita 10 na ruwa, tafasa don mintina 15. Ana warware matsalar sakamakon, an yi amfani da shi don spraying sassa na sama da kasa da tsire-tsire. Wannan adadin bayani ya isa don aiki 1 m². Ana iya amfani da Ash a cikin siffar bushe. A wannan yanayin, yana da sashi mai laushi kuma ya warwatse a ƙasa. 400-500 g na ash ana amfani dashi ga kowane mita.

A karo na uku, zaka iya amfani da superphosphate.. A cikin lita 10 na ruwa ƙara 1 tsp. taki. Wannan ya isa ga yanki na 1 m². Zaka iya yin takarda ko ƙarƙashin tushen.

Mun bada shawara mu karanta game da fasalin amfani da seleri a cikin ciwon sukari.

Yaya za a shuka seleri

Ya kamata mu shayar da shi a nan gaba bayan dasa shuki a bude ƙasa kuma mu ci gaba har sai girbi. Manufar wannan taron shine don hana weeds daga girma da kuma zaɓar yankin abinci mai gina jiki ga seleri.

Ya kamata a cire ƙudaje tare da tushen. Zai fi dacewa yin shi da safofin hannu da hannu. Don sauƙaƙe aikin da kansa, yana da kyau a aiwatar da wannan magudi lokacin da ake narke ƙasa.

Bidiyo: Ciyar da gadaje mai lebur

Mene ne yaduwar ƙasa?

A cikin layi daya tare da kau da weeds, kasar gona an sassauta. Kada ku manta da wannan taron. An yi amfani da shi don daidaita yanayin daidaitaccen ruwa-oxygen tushen tsarin. Ruwa akai-akai yakan haifar da karfi mai karfi a cikin ƙasa, ruwa yana rarraba ba tare da nuna bambanci ba kuma yana daskare a cikin saman kasusuwan, ba ta kai ga tushe na tushen ba. Bugu da ƙari, bayan watering, wani ɓawon burodi ya kasance a saman ƙasa, wanda ya hana al'ada na al'ada zuwa tushen.

Bayan dasawa kuma wata na wata, an dasa ƙasa zuwa zurfin 5 cm, to, zurfin yana ƙaruwa sau biyu. Yayin da tushen ya kara ƙaruwa, ɓangarensa na sama zai fara tashi daga ƙasa. Da zarar wannan ya faru, tare da kowane tushe daga tushe tare da fartanya, an cire ƙasa a hankali.

Yana da muhimmanci! Hilling an categorically contraindicated don seleri tushen.

Mulching

Hanyar sarrafa ƙasa bayan ban ruwa da kuma samardawa ya ba ka damar riƙe da danshi, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage yawan rani na ban ruwa da kuma samar da kariya mai aminci daga weeds.

Kamar yadda ake amfani da ciyawa:

  • sawdust;
  • bambaro;
  • m kore ciyawa.

Tsayin da keyi na ciyawa ya zama kimanin 2-3 cm A yayin aiwatar da weeding da sassautawa, wani ɓangare na ciyawa za a saka shi a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai taimaka wajen wadata shi da kayan abinci.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin ayyukan Hippocrates, an kwatanta seleri a matsayin magani ga cututtuka na jijiyoyi. Kuma lalle ne, saboda abun ciki na mai muhimmanci, samfurin yana da tasiri mai dadi akan tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, inganta yanayin barci.

Cututtuka da kwari da seleri

Babban cututtuka wanda zai iya shafar seleri:

  1. Daban-daban iri-iri - na farko shine wajibi ne don rage yawan ruwa da aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa. Yanke sassa na shuka, idan tushen sunyi juyawa, yana da kyau a cire tsire-tsire daga gado na gado. Tsayar da yanke tare da carbon kunnawa. Zuwa ƙura da shuke-shuke da itace ash a hade tare da Fundazol 1: 1.
  2. Mosaic cutar da kwayar cuta blocktch - cututtuka da cutar ta haifar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da magani. Ana kwashe samfurori da aka shafa daga gado kuma sun ƙone, kuma sauran sauran tsire-tsire sunyi amfani da kwayoyi wanda ya karu da rigakafi. Alal misali, Emochka-Fertility - 1 l na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana kara zuwa 30 l na ruwa. Fesa kan takardar da watering.

Daga cikin kwari don seleri suna da haɗari:

  • takaddama - shafe ta da dusting da shuke-shuke da itace ash;
  • ƙwallon kwari mai tsalle - shafe ta da zurfin zurfafawa a hade tare da turbaya kasar gona da tsire-tsire da ƙurar taba;
  • snails da slugs - Haka kuma za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar ƙura tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire ko toka.

Idan ana kiyaye dukkanin aikin injiniyan aikin gona, to lallai raunin kwari ne da wuya a kaiwa ga asalinsu. Rigakafin shi ne gyaran ƙasa na yau da kullum da kuma aikace-aikace na takin gargajiya.

Girbi da ajiya

A farkon lokacin kaka, lokacin da karin asalinsu zai bayyana a kan wani ɓangaren amfanin gona mai tushe a sama da ƙasa, zai zama dole a kawar da su ta hanyar taimakon almakashi. Zaka kuma iya cire ƙananan mai tushe. Wannan zai taimaka karshen kakar girma don samar da kyakkyawan tuber.

Ƙara koyo game da yadda ake ci seleri don hunturu a gida.

Girbi zai fara a tsakiyar Oktoba. A wannan lokaci ne tuber ta tara adadi mafi yawa na abubuwan gina jiki. Yana da kyau a tono sama da tubers a bushe, iska weather. Don yin sauki don cire tushen daga ƙasa, tare da felu yi digiri a gefe ɗaya, sannan kayi aiki tare. Bayan an cire tushe daga ƙasa, an cire shi da hannu ta datti. A 'ya'yan itatuwa suna bar a gonar don 1-2 hours. Sa'an nan kuma yanke dukan ƙasa part, barin 2 cm fi.

Zaka iya adana asalinsu a cikin cellar ko a gida a cikin duhu. Mafi yawan zazzabi na tsawon lokacin ajiya na seleri shine 0 + + 6 ° C. Yawancin zafi a cikin dakin bai kasance kasa da kashi 50% ba. Rayayyun rayuwar amfanin gona shine watanni 8-10.

Bidiyo: Girbi da adanar tushen seleri

Tushen Celery ne na al'adu maras kyau. Tare da kiyaye ka'idojin agrotechnology, tsire-tsire bazai iya kamuwa da cututtuka da cututtuka ba, kuma ana adana amfanin gonar har sai na gaba dasawa.