Da farkon lokacin rani, mutane ba kawai suna da yanayi mai kyau ba, har ma da damar da za su cinye 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Idan kana da gonar ka ko dacha, to, akwai damar da za ka shuka waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari da kanka.
Yau, zaka iya shuka wani abu: daga apples and pears to oranges.
Wannan shi ne ga pears, to, daya daga cikin abubuwa masu dadi da aka dauke su shine "Forest Beauty", wanda za'a tattauna.
Bambancin bayanin
"Forest Beauty" shine kayan zane iri-iri na pears wanda yake daga asali na Belgium. An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a farkon karni na XIX a cikin gandun daji a kusa da Alosto a Gabas Flanders.
Tree matsakaici lokacin farin ciki kambi na matsakaici kauri kuma yana da siffar wani dala. Fruiting fara 4 - 5 bayan shuki dasa. 'Ya'yan itãcen matsakaici, suna kama da kwai a siffar. Cikal yana bakin ciki, launi ya bambanta daga kore zuwa zinariya. Har ila yau, tayin yana da jan launi a gefe.
Jiki yana da farin, m, tare da dandano mai dadi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ya kamata a tattara kwanaki kadan kafin cikakken balaga, wanda ya zo a ƙarshen Agusta. In ba haka ba, za su ci gaba da tasowa, kamar yadda a cikin lokacin balaga da suka fara crumble ko over-ripen. Yawan aiki yana da tsawo. Har ila yau high rates na sanyi juriya. Zai iya tsayayya da zafin jiki saukad da zuwa -45 ◆. A iri-iri ne fari m.
Kwayoyin cuta
- high sanyi juriya da fari juriya
-high yawan amfanin ƙasa
- siffofin dandano masu kyau
Abubuwa marasa amfani
-fast ripening
- cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa ne aka zubar
-a 'ya'yan itace da ganye suna fama da karfi
Features dasa shuki pears
"Forest Beauty" na iya girma a kowace ƙasa a Turai. Ƙasar mafi dacewa ita ce ƙasa baƙar fata. A kan yumbu kasa yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ragu sosai. Wannan iri-iri ne mai banzawa, saboda haka yana bukatar pollen waje. Lemon, Williams da Josephine Mechelnskaya sun kasance mafi kyaun pollinators. Itacen zai fara kaiwa sama da sauri idan an dasa shi a kan quince.
Za ku iya dasa "Forest Beauty" a spring (farkon watan Mayu) da kuma kaka (farkon rabin Oktoba). Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne ka zaɓi wurin da pear zai yi girma kullum, kamar yadda waɗannan bishiyoyi ba su karɓa ba. A mako guda kafin dasa, kana buƙatar tono rami ga kowane seedling. Rashin zurfin kowane rami bai kamata kasa da 1 m ba, kuma diamita - har zuwa 80 cm.
Dole ne a haɗu da saman Layer daga ƙasa daga rami da 2 buckets na humus, potassium sulfate da superphosphate (40 g kowace). 3 - 4 hours kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a sanya seedlings a cikin ruwa. A cikin rami na cakuda ƙasa da taki ne mai tsabta, wadda kake buƙatar rarraba asalin seedling. Gaba, tushen da aka yayyafa da ƙasa, wanda aka bar a yayin da yake juye ramukan. Idan ya cancanta, kusa da seedling za ka iya fitar da wani gungumen azabawacce za a daura sapling.
Wannan gungumen azaba tana aiki ne don goyon baya ga pear gaba. A ƙarshe, ana shayar da pear kuma an kwantar da ƙasa bayan an shayar da danshi. Har ila yau, da'irar kewaye da seedling (diamita 60 - 70 cm) dole ne a rufe da ciyawa (peat, humus).
Har ila yau, yana da ban sha'awa don karantawa game da kulawar pear-kaka.
Kula da itatuwa
1) Watering
Daban-iri iri iri mai suna "Forest Beauty" yana da tsayayya ga rashin rashin ruwa, amma har yanzu yana bukatar a shayar da shi. Ruwa yana da mahimmanci ga kananan bishiyoyi, kamar yadda suke ci gaba da cigaba. A lokacin rani, ya kamata a shayar da pears matasa a kalla sau hudu, domin balagagge masu girma, ruwa yana iyakance ga hanyoyi uku. A karo na farko bayan dasa shuki, ana bukatar shayar da bishiyoyi kafin flowering. Lokacin da bishiya ta kara karin buds, to sai ku sha ruwa a karo na biyu.
A karo na uku ana shayar da bishiyoyi zuwa balaga, idan ya cancanta. Don bincika ko akwai isasshen ishi a cikin kasa, kana buƙatar ɗaukar kintsin ƙasa daga zurfin 40 cm kuma matsi. Idan ƙasa ta rushe, to, kana buƙatar ruwa, in bahaka ba, to, ruwan ya isa. Don watering dace da wani itace, kana buƙatar yin tsaka mai tsayi da zurfin 15 cm kuma cika wannan tsanya da ruwa. Irin wannan rami ya kamata a yi nisa daga 10 - 15 cm daga itacen.
Don bishiyoyi masu girma, ana yin furanni 3-4 tare da iyakoki na kabilu. Dole na ƙarshe ya kamata yayi kuskuren 30 cm daga tsinkayar kambi. Lokaci na ƙarshe ana iya shayar da bishiyoyi a watan Oktoba, a yanayin yanayin bushe.
2) Mulching
Ya kamata a yi amfani da itatuwan Mulch a cikin lokaci mai dumi. A karo na farko, dole ne a rufe kullun kusa da akwati a lokacin dasa, to - a lokacin girma.
Kamar yadda ciyawa, zaka iya amfani da ciyawa, humus taki. Yawancin mahimmanci, babu sauyawa a tsakanin tsaka da itace kanta.
3) Tsarin
"Forest Beauty" ne mai matukar sanyi-iri iri-iri, saboda haka baya buƙatar tsari. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fāɗi, zai kasance ya isa ya rufe su shtamb.
4) Pruning
Tsuntsaye bishiyoyi ya zama sau 2 a shekara - a spring da kaka. A cikin shekara ta farko bayan dasa shuki, wajibi ne a datse wannan ɓangaren tsaka-tsalle, wanda yake nesa da 50 cm daga ƙasa. Idan an dasa itacen, to, kuna buƙatar yanke mai gudanarwa a tsakiya akan koda, wanda aka umurce shi a kishiyar shugabanci zuwa ginin. A cikin shekara ta biyu, dole ne a yanke shingen tsakiya da rassan gefen zuwa 20 cm.
A lokacin rani kana buƙatar yanke rassan da suka haifar da kwarangwal, ajiye 3 zanen gado (7 - 10 cm). Sauran rassan an yanke don su adana 1 takarda. Duk tsawon shekaru pruning yana kiyaye wannan tsari. A farkon lokacin bazara, an katse tsaka mai tsayi ta hanyar 25 cm. Wasu sassa na rassan da ke kusa da buds, wanda aka nannade, an yanke su. Lokacin da itacen ya kai mita 2, zai zama wajibi ne kawai don rage gajere ta tsakiya.
5) Taki
A cikin shekarar farko, bishiyoyi basu buƙatar taki, tun lokacin da aka rarraba tushen tsirrai a kan tudu kuma a haɗe ƙasa. Bugu da ari, itatuwa suna buƙatar ma'adinai masu ma'adinai a kowace shekara, kwayoyin - sau ɗaya cikin shekaru 3. Babban ɓangaren ciyarwa an yi a cikin fall. A kan 1 square. 35-50 g na ammonium nitrate, 46-50 g na sauki granulated superphosphate da 20-25 g na potassium sulphate ya kamata a ƙasa. Idan kasar gona ta tsufa, to, babu bukatar amfani da wannan ƙwayar taki (kana buƙatar rage shi sau 2).
6) Kariya
"Forest Beauty" yana da mummunan lalacewa ta hanyar scab, don haka yana da mahimmanci don kare itatuwa daga wannan cuta. Spores overwinter a cikin fadi ganye, haushi da harbe. Tare da shan kashi akan ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa sun zama duhu. Don kariya, ana kula da bishiyoyi tare da 0.5% bayani na jan karfe oxychloride a lokacin hutu hutu da kuma bayan flowering.
