Abin da hawthorn ne da kuma yadda ya dubi, kowa da kowa ya ji, amma ba kowa san yadda za a shuka wannan shuka mai amfani a yankinta ba. Kuma a halin yanzu, duk da gaskiyar cewa hawthorn ya yada duka a cikin tsaba da kuma hanyoyi masu yawa na vegetative, a mafi yawancin lokuta ba sauki a samu sabon shuka ba kamar yadda zai iya gani.
Cuttings
Sake bugun hawthorn cuttings - yiwu, amma ba hanya mafi sauki, tare da babban yiwuwar sakamako mara nasara.
Hannun wannan shrub yana da tushe sosai kuma ba tare da jinkiri ba, don haka, zabar wannan hanya, a shirye don gaskiyar cewa aiki mai wuyan aiki na shekaru da yawa a jere zai iya tabbatar da zama a banza. Dole ne a fara shinge a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin ruwan raguwa ya fara. Idan za a gudanar da tsire-tsire a cikin greenhouse, za a iya yanke cuttings a cikin fall, bayan shrub ya sauke ganye.
Kamar yadda cututtukan da ake buƙatar ka zabi kore harbe tare da kauri na dan kadan kasa da 1 cm, ba tare da alamun tsage, daskarewa ko lalacewa ba. Zai fi kyau a zabi rassan shekara guda, a cikin ƙananan yanayi - shekaru biyu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rassan daga saman shrub ba su dace da grafting ba. Ya kamata ka zabi gefen gefen da ke girma daga kudanci, kuma ba mafi girma ba. Zai fi dacewa da yanke irin wannan reshe kusan a tushe kuma cire kashi mai yawa daga saman, barin tsawon 10-15 cm, tun da magungunan hawthorn ba su da tushe.
Ƙananan rassan daji kuma suna da kyau don dacewa da grafting.
Yanke cuttings karkashin koda diagonally. Muna amfani da kayan aiki mai mahimmanci! 
An sare sare a kan rotor har sa'a daya (dole ne a saya shi a wani kantin kayan sana'a) kuma bayan bayan mun shuka shi.
Za a iya amfani da peat ko yashi (ko perlite) a cikin sassan daidai, ko kuma za ku iya amfani da ƙasa maras kyau, amma ƙasa dole ne a kwance da kyau. Ana kuma bada shawara don ƙara ƙwayar lemun tsami zuwa ƙasa - rashi ko allon na gari.
Koyi kuma game da haifuwa irin wannan shrubs, irin su honeysuckle honeysuckle, magnolia, aronia, viburnum buldenezh, teku buckthorn, sarki.Na farko, mun zubar da ƙasa tare da ruwa tare da rotor, wanda aka ajiye cuttings.
Wasu suna bada shawarar su sa stalk a cikin tuber dankalin turawa kuma bayan hakan sai su dasa shi a ƙasa. An yi imani da cewa ta wannan hanyar, ƙin yana karɓar adadin yawan kayan abinci a cikin hanyar da za a iya sauƙi kuma yana da tushe sosai. 
Mun dasa shuki a cikin hanya mai laushi, barin nesa na akalla 0.4 m tsakanin layuka, da 0.2 m tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don germination hawthorn cuttings da bukatar sosai high zafi, har zuwa 80%.
Don tabbatar da wannan matsanancin zafi, ana amfani dasu kayan aiki na musamman. Irin wannan shigarwa za a iya sanya shi da kansa.
Don yin wannan, ana janye tarkon 50 cm zurfin, wanda aka cika da mai-mai juyayi ko takin, an zuba karamin yashi a kan kai kuma an dasa shuki.
Ganuwar rami ya kamata a yi kyau sosai, amma a cikin wani akwati ba ta da zafi, don kada ya tsoma baki tare da samun iska. Sama da rami an rufe shi da gilashi, an sanya shi cikin wata katako (zaka iya amfani da tsohon taga). 
Tsarin ya kamata ya rufe ramin, ya fi kyau a saka shi a kan allon sosai a fadin kewaye. Gilashin ciki na gilashi dole ne a shafe shi da yawa a yadudduka tare da gauze ko wani zane mai haske wanda yake sha ruwan dadi sosai, don haka kwakwalwar da aka tara ba ta fāɗo kan cututtukan da sanyi ya sauke kuma baya hana su daga tushe.
Shin kuna sani? Hawthorn yana da irin wannan kyakkyawan suna kawai a cikin Rasha. Sunan Latin sunan shuka Crataégus yana nufin "karfi", "karfi", kuma a mafi yawan harsuna na zamani na duniya an kira shi "ƙaya" kawai. Wata kila, "hawthorn" na baƙin ciki ya fito ne daga kalmomin "haw" ko "boyar". Haɗin kai tsaye ba a bayyane yake ba, amma ana iya ɗauka cewa dukan abu yana cikin kyakkyawan kayan ƙanshi na wannan shrub: sunaye suna da launi iri ɗaya, suna jaddada alaka da su zuwa mafi girma a cikin al'umma.Dalili ne saboda yaduwar ruwan da ke cikin rami a ranar da rana za a kafa "tsuntsaye" kuma za a sami matsanancin zafi, yayin da za a kare cututtukan daga hasken rana ta hanyar wani launi mai launin haske.
Idan har ya zama zafi a waje, toka mai "mallaka" a cikin gine-gine bazai isa ba, kuma ana bukatar shayar da cututtuka. Amma wannan dole ne a yi ba tare da bude gilashi ba, don haka kada ya dame microclimate halitta a cikin rami. Tare da kewaye da hothouse mun haye kullun kuma mu cika shi da ruwa. Hawthorn cuttings dauki tushen, kamar yadda aka ce, na dogon lokaci. Idan cuttings ya tsira a farkon hunturu, ya riga ya zama mai kyau. Za mu fara ciyar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da kayan mai da nitrogen, muna shayar da shi sosai, amma ba sau da yawa.
A cikin kaka ko na gaba bazara, za'a iya dasa dashi a wuri mai dindindin, yana barin akalla 2 m a tsakanin tsire-tsire, amma saboda kyakkyawar sakamako, mutane da yawa suna ba da shawara cewa hanyar da za ta sake cigaba da ita, wadda ta kasance akalla shekaru 4.
An dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai kyau tare da adadin lemun tsami (asalinsu kada su taɓa shi!) Kuma suna girma a karkashin kulawa - kulawa na yau da kullum, shayarwa da weeding. Bayan bayan lokacin da aka ƙayyade, ana shuka shuka a wuri mai dindindin kuma ya kafa, dangane da manufar (a matsayin shinge ko raguwa).
Alurar riga kafi (budding)
An riga an yi la'akari da rigakafi da hanyar da aka fi dacewa da hawthorn. Dangane da dukiyar kowace gonar yana da tsarin kansa. A wannan damar, zaku iya amfani da bishiyar hawthorn da ta riga ta girma a shafinku, wanda zai haifar da amfanin gona mara kyau, kuma yana jin tausayi don fitar da shi (musamman don wannan dalili, tsire-tsire iri iri daya ya dace). 
Amma mutane da yawa sun nace cewa samfurin mafi kyau ga hawthorn shine jawancin jan, wadda aka ƙaddara ta hanyar suckers da za a iya amfani dashi don yin amfani da shi a cikin na biyu ko na uku. Fans na wannan hanyar maganin alurar riga kafi da'awar cewa yiwuwar aiwatarwa ta kusan kusan kashi dari.
Shin kuna sani? Masu ilimin tauhidi a ƙasashe da dama sun karya makamai a cikin tattaunawa game da abin da aka shuka kambiyar ƙaya na Yesu. Sabon Alkawari ba ya ba da amsa ga wannan tambaya ba, ya bayyana cewa kawai ƙananan ƙaya ne. An fassara fassarar sau da dama, kuma mafi yawan fassarar cikin harsunan zamani ba daga asalin asali ba ne a harshen Aramaic, amma daga Helenanci na Tsohon (fassara daga fassarar). Ba abin mamaki bane cewa ana kiran sunayen daban-daban na botanical a cikin daban-daban iri don yawan fiye da 100. A cewar daya version, sojojin sanya wani kambi na hawthorn a kan Almasihu a matsayin alama na lalata.Dole ne a yi alurar riga kafi a cikin bazara, kafin ganye suyi girma, amma bayan ƙarshen sanyi. Don takarda, ya fi dacewa a dauki hawthorn a shekaru 2 da kuma wuyan wuyansa game da 1 cm a diamita. Girman ginin yana kusa da m 1. A lokaci guda, rassan gefen da samfuri ba za a iya cirewa ba.
Hawthorn yana da wuya mai tsanani, saboda haka kana buƙatar aiki tare da shi kawai tare da kayan aiki mai mahimmanci kuma yana da kyawawa don samun hannun hannu da wasu kwarewa.Akwai hanyoyi da dama na grafting: tsagawa, butt, copulation. Zaka iya amfani da kowane.
Fassara grafting shine mafi sauki don yin. A wannan yanayin, ana adana samfurin a kowane wuri wanda ake so, bayan haka an sanya wani shinge a tsaye tare da zurfin kimanin 5 cm daga sama, wanda za'a saka shi. Dogayen (ya kamata a yi akalla 3 kodan) an yanke shi daga ƙasa tare da wani tsayi kuma an sanya shi a cikin ragar da aka shirya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada taba taɓa yanke tare da hannunka, don haka kada ku yi kamuwa da cuta a cikin yankan.
Yanzu a hankali ku ɗauka wurin maganin alurar riga kafi tare da fim din abinci ko kayan shafa. Tsaftace abu mai tsabta! Sa'an nan kuma mu rufe wuraren budewa tare da filin farar lambu. 
A nan yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da ma'auni: a daya hannun, kamuwa da cuta zai iya shiga cikin shafin maganin alurar riga kafi, a gefe guda, yin bushewa zai iya haifar da scion kawai ta bushewa. Sabili da haka, dole ne a kare haɗin gwiwa, amma ba ma da hankali ba!
Yayinda fatar ya fara tushe (sabon buds da harbe ya kamata ya fara bayyana a ciki a cikin wata guda, an cire bandeji. Har sai hawthorn ke tsiro tare gaba daya, yana da muhimmanci a lura da shi, kare shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye, cire wuce haddi rassan kuma bi da shi tare da kwari idan kwari ya bayyana (musamman, aphids).
Ƙara koyo game da shinge na itace.Inoculation cikin stock yana aikata bisa ga ka'idoji ɗaya, amma a wannan yanayin an saka jeri a cikin "aljihu" da aka yi a gefen ɓangaren samfurin.
Hanyoyin halitta shi ne nadawa na kayan shafawa da kuma gado tsakanin juna.
Nasarar maganin alurar riga kafi, ko ta yaya ake gudanar da shi, yawanci yakan zama bayyane bayan makonni 3-4. Idan duk abin da ya ci gaba da kyau, kuma satar da aka samo asali, hawthorn na iya ba da girbin farko tun farkon shekara ta gaba. 
Shiryawa
Sake bugun hawthorn layering - hanya mai kyau, amma ba dace da kowane irin tsire-tsire, amma kawai don siffofin daji.
Kayan fasaha mai sauqi ne. A ƙarshen bazara, shekara-shekara (a cikin mummunan yanayi, biennial) harbe na shrubs, ba tare da rabuwa daga tsirrai ba, an sanya su a cikin ƙananan ramuka da aka ɗora a ƙasa tare da sanduna na katako ko naurorin karfe.
Sa'an nan kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa, tare da barin saman ɓangaren shoot a kan farfajiyar. Yana da mahimmanci a jawo gudun hijira a tushe don haka yadudduka fara farawa akan kansu. 
Muna da yawa kuma sau da yawa ruwa da furanni kuma muna gudanar da samfur 2-3 tare da nitrogen a lokacin kakar. Idan ya cancanta, zuba yawan adadin da ake buƙata na ƙasa don haka ainihin layer ba danda ba ne.
Zaka iya rufe ƙasa a kusa da saman harbi tare da ciyawa - bambaro, hay, peat, ko needles suna dace da wannan dalili. Za a iya raba rabuwa daga daji a cikin kaka, amma idan rushewa bai ci nasara ba, to yana da kyau don jinkirta lokacin mahimmanci har zuwa bazara na gaba.
Shin kuna sani? Yawancin labaru da kuma imani suna hade da hawthorn, kuma a daidai da shugabanci. Wannan shuka mai ban mamaki an dauke shi da mummunar mummunar mummunan aiki, mai ladabi ga mummunar cuta, rashin lafiya da kowane irin mummunar wahala, ciki har da mutuwar ƙaunatattun (musamman idan aka tumɓuke shi ko karya), kuma alama ce ta farin ciki a cikin iyali, lalata tawali'u, kariya daga miyagun ruhohi. Don Turks, ƙanshin hawthorn yana da alaka da tunanin tunani da jima'i, da kuma Scandinavia - A akasin wannan, tare da sanyi da mutuwa.
Tushen harbe (scions)
Wannan hanya kuma ana amfani da su ne musamman don siffofin hawthorn shrub, tun da tushen ci gaban bishiyoyi ya kara girma. Ana amfani da hanyar a ƙarshen kakar - a watan Agusta ko Satumba. 
Da farko, anan da ke nunawa a gefen gandun daji an raba su sosai daga uwar daji. Yana da mahimmanci kada a lalata tushen kwance, don haka kada yayi lalacewa da shuka mai girma. Bayan zuriya suna da tushe (ana iya gani a spring), an gano shi a hankali kuma an dasa shi zuwa wani wuri da aka shirya.
Wata hanya madaidaiciya ta yaduwa ta hawthorn ita ce tushen cutarwa. A cikin kaka, asalin tsayin daka daidai lokacin da ake yanke cututtukan kore daga tsofaffi shuka. Sa'an nan kuma an binne su a ƙasa kuma sun bar har sai spring.
Lokacin da gishiri suka shude, an yanke kowane yanki zuwa kashi biyu kuma an binne shi a ƙasa a wani kusurwoyi mai zurfi tare da wani ɓangare na dindindin, don haka ƙaramin tip din ya kasance a farfajiya. 
Gyara irin wadannan cuttings na buƙatar biyan kuɗi tare da irin wannan yanayi kamar yankan kore - wani shigarwa mai mahimmanci ko gine-gine na gida. Idan bayan 'yan makonni ka lura da kananan ƙananan da suka bayyana a saman kasa, ginin ya wuce nasara.
Girma daga zuriyar
Sake bugun itatuwan hawthorn - kusan hanyar da ba ta da tushe irin su grafting. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a tuna cewa wani shuka da ya girma daga zuriyar ba dole ba ne ya zama dole ya gaji da halaye na iyaye, saboda haka, don musamman maɗauran hawthorn, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyoyin amfani da vegetative.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin daji, hawthorn yafi yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba, amma ba ta hanyar kwantar da hankali ta jiki ba, amma ta hanya mai mahimmanci na wucewa cikin tayin ta hanyar tsarin kwayar tsuntsaye wanda ke cin 'ya'yan itace. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar juices masu tsami, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna rarraba kuma suna kumbura, kuma, suna fitowa ta hanyar halitta, suna ba da yaduwar ƙwayar cuta.
Babban matsalar matsalar haifar da hawthorn shine alaka da gaskiyar cewa yana da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu wuya waɗanda ba za su iya girma ba tare da ƙarin aiki ba. 
A matsayin wani zaɓi, wasu shawarwari don amfani da ba cikakke berries don shuka, yayin da fata ba ta riga ta gudanar da harden da kyau.
Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ne da aka shimfiɗa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan kuma sun bar wata' yan watanni bar wa kansu. An lalata tsire-tsire, an sanya shi a cikin peat kuma a sake bar shi har sai bazara ta gaba, lokacin da harbe ya bayyana.
Baya ga wannan hanya, ana amfani da wasu dabaru. Alal misali, harsashi za a iya hallaka (abin da ake kira scarification). Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar inji, chemically ko thermally.
Ana amfani da su zuwa hawthorn mafi sau da yawa suna amfani da hanyoyi na biyu ko na uku. A cikin maganin sunadarai, ana sanya 'ya'yan itace a cikin wani bayani na kashi 3% na hydrochloric ko sulfuric acid don' yan sa'o'i (ko a cikin wani bayani na 1% na gishiri sodium na nitric acid ga wani rana), sannan kuma wanke da ruwan sanyi. 
Ƙarfafawar ƙararrawa shine hanya mafi sauƙi. Ana sanya berries ne kawai a cikin jakar auduga kuma an saukar da su kusan kimanin 30 a cikin ruwan zãfi ko ruwan ruwan ƙanƙara. A sakamakon haka, 'ya'yan itatuwa ya kamata suyi girma kuma su kara girman, bayan haka sun shirya don dasa.
Haka hanya za a iya aiwatar da shi a cikin wani nau'i daban-daban: an dasa berries a cikin peat kuma za a fara zuba su da ruwa mai dumi. Bayan 'yan watanni, sai su canza su da bambanci gilashi ta amfani da ruwa wanda ya narke kankara.
A matsayin shirye-shirye na shuka don dasa shuki, ana amfani da sababbin tsirrai (na tsawon watanni hudu ana amfani da 'ya'yan itace a dindindin kuma an sanya shi don yin sanyi a zazzabi a cikin digiri kaɗan fiye da zero).
Tsarin shirye-shiryen da aka bunkasa ya haɗa da shiga cikin ruwa mai dumi na kwanaki da yawa (yawan zafin jiki dole ne ya kasance dumi, don haka zaka iya sanya akwati da tsaba a kan baturi ko sanya shi a wani asalin zafi). Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci don yadu da tsaba, ciki har da bayan da aka ƙaddara da kuma rarraba. 
Ba tare da shirye-shiryen farko ba, itatuwan hawthorn ba za su yi girma ba har tsawon shekaru. Amma har ma tare da yin aiki mai kyau, irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna cike da mummuna, sau da yawa sukan fada rashin lafiya, an lalace ta hanyar kwari da cututtuka daban-daban.
Rashin fashewa, wanda aka ba da talauci mara kyau, ana gudanar da ita a hanyar hunturu (ta yin amfani da tsaba na shekarar bara). A wannan yanayin, germination ba zai faru ba bazara ba, amma bayan shekara daya da rabi.
Bayan dasa shuki, ƙasa (dole ne ya zama mai kyau) an shayar da shi kuma an rufe shi da peat, bambaro ko ƙwararrun conifer da kuma hagu don su shawo kan wannan tsari.
Hawthorn harbe ne m, fleshy cotyledon bar 0.5 zuwa 1.5 cm tsawo.Ta ƙarƙashin su yana da halayyar launin launi. 
A farkon shekaru 2 na rayuwa, irin wannan harbe ya karu da girman 10 cm a kowace shekara ko ma kasa, to, yawan girma ya kara sau da yawa. Wannan ya ci gaba har sai shuka ya kai shekaru 8, bayan haka ci gaban ya sake komawa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, itatuwan hawthorn suna da wuya a yi girma, ƙananan kuma shine idan idan duk abin ya fita, zaka iya samun adadin sababbin tsire-tsire a lokaci daya, wanda aka cire tare da hanyoyin yaduwa na vegetative.
Bugu da ƙari, da zaɓuɓɓukan da aka kwatanta, yana da daraja a ambaci wani yiwuwar ƙwayar hawthorn, wadda ta bayyana kwanan nan saboda ci gaba da bunkasa fasaha. Labari ne game da cloning.
Wannan hanyar da sauri take samun adadin sababbin sababbin shuke-shuke. Rashin tushe ita ce an fara sanya koda da aka sanya a cikin ƙwayar mai gina jiki, sa'an nan kuma ana shuka shi zuwa cikin wani greenhouse. Abin takaici, a yau wannan zaɓi a gida ba zai yiwu ba: cikakkiyar sterility da dakin gwaje-gwaje na musamman ana buƙata. 
Saboda haka, mun yi la'akari da dukkan hanyoyin da za a iya haifar da hawthorn a cikin gida mai zafi. Kowannensu yana da halaye na kansa, kwarewa da rashin amfani. Wannan zabi shine naka!
