Tradescantia wata ciyawar ciyawa ce daga dangin Commeline. Yawancin lokaci yana kunshe da tsire-tsire masu sassauci kuma yana aiki a matsayin kayan ƙasa ko shuka mai girma. Kudancin Amurka ana ɗaukar matsayin wurin haihuwar tradescantia, kodayake ana iya samunsa a cikin yanayin tsaunuka da wurare masu zafi na wasu nahiyoyi, inda tsire-tsire ke haifar da murfin kore mai ci gaba. Yawancin lokaci tradescantia ana amfani dashi azaman houseplant, amma yana iya zama azaman ado na gonar, kuma yana da kyan kayan kwantar da hankali. A cikin kula da shuka, ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa. Shootswararrun harbe masu farin ciki koyaushe suna jin daɗi kuma suna rufe furanni akai-akai.
Bayanin Botanical
Tradescantia - perennial tare da m creeping ko tashin mai tushe. Kyakkyawan furannin fure masu rufi suna rufe da kullun m, kullun ko ganye na lanceolate. Ganyayyaki ya girma akan gajerun petioles ko ya ƙunshi harbe tare da tushe. Zai iya samun launi mai laushi ko launuka masu launin kore, shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Farfajiyar da ganye yana daɗaɗa ko ɗimbin ɗinka. Bayan tuntuɓar ƙasa, Tushen da sauri suna bayyana a cikin nodes.
A lokacin lokacin fure, kuma yana iya faruwa a lokuta daban-daban na shekara, ƙananan inflorescences mai yawa sun yi girma a kan mai tushe na tradescantia. Sun ƙunshi yawancin buds, amma a lokaci guda kawai wasu furanni biyu na fari ko launin shuɗi suna bayyana. Duk da cewa furanni na iya wucewa har zuwa watanni 3-4, fure guda yana rayuwa kawai a rana. Corollas mai ƙuna uku masu laushi tare da fure mai laushi suna fitowa daga cikin masassarar kore mai duhu. Petals kyauta ne. A tsakiyar akwai babban daskararre tare da manyan rawaya mata a ƙarshen. Baƙi ma an rufe su da tari mai tsayi na azurfa.
Bayan pollination, ƙananan ɗaure achenes tare da haƙarƙarin a tsaye suna ɗaure. Ripened akwatin fasa zuwa 2 ganye.
Iri da nau'ikan tradescantia
Tuni a yau, masu ilimin botanists sun gano nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 75. Wasu daga cikinsu musamman suna shahara.
Tradescantia yana da fari fari-flowered. M harbe rufe m ovu ko m ganye. Farantin 6 cm tsayi kuma 2.5 cm fadi da wani nuna gefen. Fuskokinsu tabbatacce ne, lafazi ko kuma motley, taguwa. Umbrella inflorescences tare da kananan fararen furanni an kafa a saman na harbe. Iri:
- Aurea - an rufe ganyen rawaya da ratsi-fure;
- Tricolor - ganye mai ganye yana rufe lilac, ruwan hoda da fari rawaya.
Kasuwanci Tushewar herbaceous tare da madaidaiciya, harbe da aka dasa ta tsiro da girma 50-60 cm an rufe shi da ganyen layi ko lanceolate sessile. Tsawon farantin ganye ya kai 20 cm kuma nisa na cm 4 Furen furanni tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda suna da hankali a cikin laima mara girma. Lokacin fure yana farawa ne a tsakiyar lokacin bazara kuma ya wuce watanni 2.
Kasuwanci Anderson. Groupungiyar wasu nau'ikan kayan ado shine sakamakon kiwo tare da kallon da ya gabata. Tsire-tsire masu launin shuɗi, harbe mai madaidaiciya ya girma 30-80 cm a tsayi. Ingantaccen lanceolate ganye yayi girma akan ƙulla mai tushe. Flat furanni mai fure uku ana fentin su cikin shuɗi, fararen fata, ruwan hoda da sautunan launin shuɗi. Fulawa yana faruwa a duk lokacin bazara. Iri:
- Iris - furanni a cikin zurfin launin shudi mai haske;
- Leonora - violet-blue kananan furanni;
- Osprey - tare da furanni masu dusar kankara-fari.
Kasuwanci na Blossfeld. Fleshy harbe yada a cikin ƙasa kuma yi kama succulents. An rufe su da fata mai launin shuɗi. Ganyayyaki masu haƙiƙa tare da fararen hular suna tsiro tsawon 4-8 cm kuma tsawon cm 1 cm. Fuskarta tayi duhu kore mai dan haske. Filin haɗin yana da shunayya, mai walƙiya. A axillary inflorescences kunshi corollas tare da 3 kwance purple petals. A kan sepals da stamens akwai dogayen tarin silifa.
Tradescantia kogi ne. Fragarancin mai rauni mai tushe mai tsayi sama da ƙasa. An rufe su da purplish-ja santsi fata. A cikin wadatattun nodes, ganyayen fure mai haske masu girma suna girma 2-2.5 cm tsayi kuma tsawon 1.5-2 cm. A baya na ganye ne Lilac ja.
Tradescantia zebrin. Itace mai amfani da tsutsa yana amfani dashi sau da yawa azaman mai girma. An rufe shi da ganye mai gajeren zango mai gautsi tare da nuna baki. Tsawon zangon shine cm 8 cm kuma faɗin shine cm 4 cm a gefen gaba akwai rabe-raben azurfi waɗanda ke a hankali zuwa tsakiyar jijiya. Reverseayan baya shine monophonic, lilac ja. Flowersanan furanni masu launin shuɗi ko shunayya.
Tradescantia shine violet. Herbaceous perennial tare da sosai branched, kafa, ko kuma masauki harbe. Mai tushe da fure suna da launi mai launin shuɗi mai haske. A baya na ganye ne pubescent. Flowersanan furanni suna da fure mai ruwan hoda 3 ko kuma rasberi.
Tradescantia ƙarami ne. Dankin tsire-tsire mai matukar kyau wanda ya dace da namo na cikin gida. Its na bakin ciki Lilac-launin ruwan kasa mai tushe suna da yawa an rufe da kadan (har zuwa 5 mm a tsawon), ovate ganye. Gefen takarda suna da laushi, masu haske. Gaban yana da launin koren duhu, kuma baya shine lilac.
Tradescantia vesicular (rheo). Itace mai tsiro mai tsiro mai tsiro mai zurfi, tsayayyun tsayi mai nauyin 30-40 cm.Don roplete mai yawan gaske na ganyen lanceolate 20-30 cm tsayi kuma tsawonsa cm 5 cm yana kewayenta.Enanyarsa ta keɓewa a tsaye. Tana da santsi, m gaban gaba mai haske da launin shuɗi mai launin ruwan hoda. Fulawa ba ta daɗewa. Whitean ƙananan fararen furanni suna buɗe ƙarƙashin tarkacen jirgin ruwa. Don irin wannan tsarin na inflorescences, ana kiran jinsunan "Rook na Musa."
Hanyoyin kiwo
Tradescantia za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar tsirarwa (iri) da ciyayi (ƙwaya, rarraba daji) hanyoyin. Shuka tsaba ake shirin Maris. Shirya faranti da yashi da peat ƙasa a gaba. An rarraba tsaba masu kyau a farfajiya kuma an matse su cikin ƙasa. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire kuma an rufe su da fim. Ana kiyaye greenhouse a zazzabi na + 20 ° C da haske na yanayi. Ya kamata a cire Condensate a kai a kai kuma ƙasa ta jika. Harbe yana bayyana a cikin makonni 1-2, bayan haka an cire mafaka. Shuke seedlings an dasa shi cikin tukwane da ƙasa domin tsirrai. Furancinsu zai faru ne a cikin shekaru 2-3.
Lokacin da aka yadu da shi ta hanyar toshe shi, toshe fiyyen mai tushe ana yanke shi ya kai tsawon cm 10-15. Za a iya yin kafe a cikin ruwa ko kuma ƙasa mai dausayi. An rufe tsire-tsire tare da fim kuma an kiyaye su a + 15 ... + 20 ° C, shading daga rana kai tsaye. Bayan kwanaki 7-10 (makonni 6-8 don nau'in ornamental), rhizome zai haɓaka kuma haɓaka mai aiki zai fara.
Yayin dasawa, za'a iya raba babban daji zuwa sassa da yawa. Don yin wannan, ana cire yawancin daga cikin daskararrun yumbu daga tushen kuma a yanka tare da ruwa. Ana bi da wuraren da aka yanyanka da baƙin gawayi. Delenki nan da nan ya dasa, ba da barin rhizome ya bushe ba.
Kulawar Gida
Deawata gida tare da ɗakunan shakatawa na daki zai zama kyakkyawan. Ya isa ya samar mata da yanayi mai gamsarwa.
Haske Ana buƙatar haske mai haske da shading daga tsakar rana. Haske kai tsaye yana yiwuwa da sanyin safiya ko da yamma, in ba haka ba ganye ya ƙone da sauri. Kuna iya sanya tukwane a cikin zurfin dakin kudanci ko a gaban taga na gabashi (yamma). Withan bambanta tare da ganyayyaki daban-daban sun fi buƙata akan haske.
Zazzabi A watan Afrilu-Satumba, dillalin zai sami kwanciyar hankali a + 25 ° C. A cikin kwanakin zafi, kuna buƙatar kwantar da dakin sau da yawa ko ɗaukar furanni zuwa iska mai kyau. Wintering ya kamata mai sanyaya (+ 8 ... + 12 ° C). Wannan zai rama gajerun lokacin hasken rana da hana mai tushe daga shimfidawa. Kuna iya barin tradescantia mai sanyi da hunturu kuma kuyi amfani da hasken baya.
Haushi. Tradescantia ya dace da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun a cikin gidan, amma yana amsa godiya ga fesawa. Ita kuma tana wanka lokaci-lokaci daga turɓaya.
Watse. A cikin bazara da bazara, watering ya kamata yalwatacce domin kasar gona ta bushe kawai a farfajiya. Duk wuce haddi ruwa nan da nan bayan an cire ruwa. Tare da hunturu mai sanyi, an rage yawan ruwa sosai domin naman gwari ba ya haɓaka. Fewan kaɗan daga tablespoons a mako ya isa.
Taki. A watan Afrilu-Agusta sau 2-3 a wata, an ciyar da tradescantia tare da maganin ma'adinai ko kayan miya na gargajiya. Don nau'in variegated, ba a amfani da kwayoyin. Ragowar shekara, ba a bukatar taki.
Juyawa Tradescantia yana jure kyakkyawan dasawa. Ya danganta da shekaru, ana yin ta a kowace shekara ta 1-3. Idan ya cancanta, an rarraba bushes ɗin, har ma da datti, datti da ke dafe. Cakuda ƙasa ya zama sako-sako da kuma m. Zaka iya siyan ƙasa da aka yi girki ko sanya shi da kanka daga:
- ƙasa mai rarrafe (awa 2);
- ƙasa mai ruwa (1 awa);
- ganye humus (awa 1);
- yashi (awa 0.5).
Cutar da kwari. Yawancin lokaci tradescantia baya fama da cututtuka na shuka. Sai kawai a cikin yanayin da ba a sani ba, inji mai rauni zai iya harba ƙwayar naman gwari (Tushen rot, mildew powdery). Daga dabbobi, aphids da slugs na iya dame ta.
Noma
Kasuwancin lambun shine kayan ado mai ban sha'awa na shafin. A ƙirar shimfidar wuri, ana amfani dashi don tsara kayan haɗin jirgin ruwa, rafukan tafkuna, nunin faifai. Haka kuma an dasa shi a gefen shinge da kuma wurare masu laima. Wannan tsire-tsire yana jin daɗi a tsakanin mai masauki, mai heher, Lungwort, ferns da astilbe. Lokacin da ake shirya abun da ke ciki, babban abin shine a zabi nau'ikan da suka dace a tsayi da kuma bayyanar.
Wurin. An dasa tradescantia a cikin inuwa m ko a wuri mai kyau, an kare shi daga zane ko kuma iska mai ƙarfi. Areasan da aka fi son m, humus, sauƙin permeable. Kafin dasawa, yana da amfani don ƙara yashi, humus, da takardar ƙasa zuwa ƙasa.
Watse. Tradescantia yana buƙatar buƙata akai-akai da wadataccen ruwa domin ƙasa ta bushe kawai a farfajiya. A cikin hunturu, an hana ruwa kusan baki daya. A cikin yankunan kudu masu zafi, iyakance ga ban ruwa mai ban ruwa.
Taki. A watan Maris-Afrilu, ana ciyar da bushes tare da hadaddun ma'adinai don fure. A lokacin bud'e, ana maimaita miya.
Cin nasara. A cikin yankuna inda babu kusan yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu, ana iya barin tradescantia a cikin ƙasa bude. A matsayin tsari na yin amfani da polyethylene ko kayan da ba a saka ba. Kafin wannan, an cika ciyawar da ciyawa da peat.
Dukiya mai amfani
Ruwan tradescantia yana da ƙwayoyin cuta da rauni na warkarwa kaddarorin. A wasu ƙasashe, ana amfani dashi tare da Aloe, har ma da magani na hukuma. Fresh ganye suna durƙusad da kuma shafa ga raunin da ya faru a kan fata, har ma a kan boils kuma gyarawa tare da bandeji. Abubuwan kwastomomi sun sami nasarar rage sukarin jini.
Infusions na ruwa daga harbe da kuma ganye suna taimakawa wajen magance gudawa da ƙarancin asali na kamuwa da cuta. Ana ɗaukar kayan ado don shawo kan ciwon makogwaro da hanci mai gudu. Hakanan suna da amfani don kula da rami na baki tare da stomatitis da periodontitis.
Tradescantia bashi da contraindications. Yana da mahimmanci kawai kada a kwashe ku da kwayoyi tare da dauke su da taka tsantsan ga mutane masu iya kamuwa da cuta.
