Furennda ke daurewar asali ya fito ne daga Arewacin Amurka, Girkawa sun kasance suna sanya sunan wannan tsiron (yana nufin "fure a cikin ramin rami"), kuma abin ban sha'awa da babu shakka ingantacce idan aka kwatanta shi da ƙwai mai launin fari (saboda tsakiyar rawaya da fararen fure) ya faru ga Biritaniya. Florists da mazauna rani na Rasha sun koya game da mahaɗan da ba su daɗewa ba, amma sun riga sun sami nasara don nuna ƙwarewarsu da kulawar marasa galihu.
Menene fure
Limnantes shekara-shekara ne, wakilin dangin limanthus. Babban nau'insa ana kiransa Douglas limantes, mai suna bayan sanannen ɗan 'yar farauta ta' Scott 'David Douglas, wanda ya wadatar da filayen turai tare da wasu nau'ikan mutum ɗari biyu da ba a san su ba har suka mutu a shekararsa ta 35.
Tsawon tsirrai ya kasance daga cm 20 zuwa 30. Mai tushe mai tushe ne, amma kuma yana iya ɗaukar matsayin "kwance", kamar yadda suke reshe mai ƙarfi. Wannan yana ba da damar mahaifa su cika aikin al'adun murfin ƙasa. Yawancin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa ne saboda kyawawan ɗabi'unsu, yayin da ƙananan ƙafafu ke da furanni a gaba. Smallaramin, 3 cm a diamita, suna bayyana akan mai tushe a cikin irin wannan adadin wanda wasu lokuta sukan rufe ɗan itacen. Haka kuma, kowane daji na iya mamaye da'irar mutum mai dimbin muraba'in mita 45. gani
Furanni - furanni 5 kowannensu, suna fitar da ƙanshin mai daɗin da ke hana kwalliya da ƙudan zuma. Launin gargajiya yana kama da soyayyen ƙwai, amma akwai nau'ikan launuka na fari ko na fari, ba ƙasa da ruwan hoda ko a cikin launuka daban-daban na shanyewar jiki. Na farko buds bude a watan Yuni, fure ƙare a ƙarshen kaka. Bar - bude feathery, kore kore. Tsaba ya girma a watan Agusta. Iyayen mahaifa ba sa tsoron huhun huhun, har zuwa -3 ° С, sanyi.
Duk da cewa sunan furanni a fili yana nuna yardarsa ga danshi, ba ya son girma a ƙasa. A cikin yanayi, ana samun gadoji a cikin kwari kwarin, inda karuwar zafi take a yanayin hunturu da farkon lokacin bazara, duk da haka, lokacin furanni yana faruwa koyaushe a cikin busasshen watanni tare da yawancin ruwan sama, kuma waɗannan yanayin suna da gamsarwa sosai. Sabili da haka, kuskure ne don rarraba limnantesa a gonar ko yankin lokacin bazara na wurin da ruwan ke tsayawa na dogon lokaci.
Arian bambance-bambancen karatu tare da hoto
Wannan fure ba ta bambanta da nau'ikan jinsin. A cikin shagunan ƙwararrun na Rasha, yawanci Douglas mafi yawanci ana wakilta shi da nau'ikan: limami Lucia da limnantes Solnyshko. Dukansu wancan, da kuma wani - na gargajiya "kwai" canza launi. Single inflorescences an kafa a cikin axils na ganye. Flow ya ci gaba duk lokacin rani.
Daga cikin sauran nau'ikan rarer:
- Limarantes Nivea. Ana samo shi a cikin yanayin halitta a arewacin California, a cikin tsaunuka. Furen yana da farin furannin furanni.
A cikin yanayin, Nivea yana girma a tsaunukan bakin teku a arewacin California.
- Iyaye Rosie. Ana samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin kwarin California. Halin halayyar furanni shine ruwan hoda na ruwan hoda a jikin fararen kayan fure.
Limane Rosie na son yin girma a cikin ciyayi a kusa da rafuffukan
- Limancin Sulfria. Ya fi son yankunan bakin teku kusa da San Francisco. A petals wannan rare iri ne cikakke rawaya.
Na biyu sunan limaman na Sulfria - makiyaya kumfa, pennik
- Iyakokin Striata. An samo shi a cikin daji a cikin Sierra Nevada, cikin ciyayi mai ciyawa. A cikin launi akwai launuka masu launin rawaya da fari. Distinwararren fasalin shine tushe mai tsayi sosai.
Limarantes striata sunyi la'akari da endemic a gida
- Hakiman Alba. Nativean asalin California ne, wanda aka samo a Rasha. A cikin yanayin halitta ya fi son makiyaya, saboda haka ya karɓi sunan "makiyaya pennik". Furanni fari fari, mai tushe ya kai tsawon cm 30 Ana amfani da tsire-tsire don sanya man shafawa.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'ikan Alba suna ba da damar amfani dashi wajen kera kayan kwalliya
- Iyalan Maconey. An samo shi a Kanada, a lardin Burtaniya Columbia, amma da wuya ya zama an haɗa shi cikin rajista na tsire-tsire masu barazanar ƙarewa gaba ɗaya.
Matsayi a cikin shimfidar wuri da aikace-aikace
Masu zane-zanen filayen suna amfani da filayen wasan kwalliya don yin kwalliyar wuraren yanki. Karamin bushes, tare da furanni tare da furanni, ba makawa a kan lawns, gadajen fure, kusa da hanyoyin bututun. Dankin ya dace da tsaunukan tsaunuka, tsaunukan dutse, kan iyakoki, inda galibi yakan ɗauki matsayin "a gaba" na kayan haɗin.
Iyakokin suna da kyau a cikin kwantena daban-daban - baho, tukwane, zane na asali da aka yi daga tayoyin mota ko kwanduna. A cikin rataye masu shirin girke-girke, tukwane da manyan furannin furanni, ana shuka tsiro a matsayin al'adun gargaɗi. Yawancin zaɓuɓɓuka suna ba da damar mai zanen gwaji, ƙira tare da mahaɗan ba kawai shafin ba, har ma baranda, verandas, baranda.
- Za'a iya amfani da ƙarancin digiri na mata don yin ado da hanyoyi
- Hakanan, furen yayi kyau a cikin hadaddun tsire-tsire.
- Za a iya haɗu da mahaɗan Alba tare da hawan wardi da tsire-tsire masu banƙyama
- Ya kamata a sanya ƙananan mahaifa a cikin gungun rukuni tare da yin la'akari da tsawo na iri-iri
- Douglas limnantes shima yana da kyau a tsakanin tsirrai marasa fure
- Wata haɗuwa mai nasara - mahaɗan ciki da ƙwayoyin jini
- A hankali yana kallon limantines tare da poppies da manta-ni-nots
- Hakanan, dasa ƙwayoyin kafaɗa suna da kyau kuma ba tare da ƙari ba
- Antunƙasasshen launin Orange zai zama lafazi mai haske na gonar
Ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire guda ɗaya, kuma a cikin kewayen tare da wasu albarkatu. A kan gadajen fure, mafi kyawun abokan sune:
- escholzias
- nemophiles
- lobelia
- dwarf banan,
- manyan daisies
- wakadan
- Iberis.
Masu zanen kaya suna ɗaukar mafi kyawun tsarin launi don kasancewa haɗuwa da farin-rawaya madaidaiciya tare da launin shuɗi, shuɗi, burgundy da launuka ja.
Yadda ake girma daga tsaba: umarnin mataki-mataki-mataki, tukwici, asirai
Kamar sauran lambobin ƙwaya, an yi girma daga tsirrai - ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa (a kan fure, a cikin filayen waje) ko tsire-tsire ana yin shuka ne.
Noma
Mafi yawan lokuta muna sayar da tsaba na limantes Lucius, Sun kuma ba tare da takamaiman suna ba
Idan aka zaɓi zaɓi na farko, an shirya ƙasa don tsaba. Zai fi kyau idan ya kasance turfy ko ganye a hade tare da yashi. Don inganta yawan haihuwa, ƙara humus kafin shuka bazai ji rauni ba. Yankin da aka zaɓa yana kwance kuma yana da danshi. Sannan yi ramuka mai zurfin 2 cm a nesa na 10-15 cm daga juna. Wannan zai ba da damar nan gaba don samun carpet na fure.
Ana saukar da tsaba 3 cikin kowane rami, tare da tuna cewa ba dukkan su zasu shuka ba - masu siyar da tsaba basa bada garanti 100% akan wannan.
A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, ana lura da yanayin dasawa: wanda ya sa tsaba su girma, ƙasa bai bushe ba. Idan an yi komai daidai, to, za a yi tsirar da ƙasa daga makwanni biyu.
Amma game da kwanakin shuka, don yankuna na tsakiyar Rasha wannan shine rabi na biyu na Mayu. Amma, tun daga shekara zuwa shekara ba lallai ba ne, ya zama dole a mai da hankali kan alamu zazzabi: don tsirar ƙafafun ƙasa, dole ne a ɗora ƙasa zuwa +10, + 15 ° С.
Wadancan mazaunan bazara waɗanda suka yanke shawarar hanzarta aiwatar da shuka ta hanyar shuka a watan Afrilu ya kamata su kula da kariyar su. Zai iya zama, misali, yawancin yadudduka na spunbond ko lutrasil shimfiɗa akan gado na fure. Ba za a iya cire tsari ko da fitowan ba, da kuma shayar da shi ba. Yana da mahimmanci a jira har sai yanayin dumama ya tabbata, sannan a cire kayan kariya.
Ta yaya kuma lokacin shuka shuka
Za'a iya dasa shuki a gaban seedlings kafin fure
Zabi na biyu, tare da narkar da farkon shuka daga zuriya, ba shakka, zai buƙaci ƙarin ƙoƙari, amma zai ba da tabbacin sakamako. Shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Maris ko farkon Afrilu, zaku iya samun ƙarfi, mai yiwuwa seedlings riga tare da buds (!) Kuma dasa su a kan gadaje na fure a watan Mayu ta hanyar natsuwa.
Don kauce wa ɗaukar nauyi da ɗaukar hoto mara kyau ga tsirrai matasa, yana da kyawawa kowane ɗayan daji da farko ya girma a cikin akwati daban (misali, a gilashin filastik). Anan ne yadda ake shuka seedlings mataki-mataki:
- Smallauki ƙananan kwantena "mutum" da kuma akwataccen ruwa a ciki za'a sa su.
- Cika tankuna da ƙasa mai dausayi.
- An sanya tsaba 3 a cikin kowane, suna zurfafa su ta 1 mm.
- Ruwa da ƙasa tare da bayani wanda ya ƙunshi Zircon ko Epin haɓakar haɓaka (zafinsa ya kamata ya zama kusan 20 + C).
- An rufe pallet ɗin tare da kayan kariya kamar spunbond.
Me ake bukata don nasara iri germination? Ya ishe dakin mai dumama (zazzabi -2 ° C a nan gaba tsire-tsire ba ya tsayayya), kullun m, ƙasa mara tsayayye (saboda haka ya fi dacewa a zuba ruwa a ɗamara). Babu bukatar yin walkiya har sai lokacin da aka kawo canjin ya fara. To, a lõkacin da sprouts bayyana, yana da kyau sanya pallet a kan wani haske windowsill, kuma idan yanayi ya yarda, kai shi a kan titi don taurara da tsire-tsire.
Hankali: tsaba da aka shuka a gida suna yin saurin sauri fiye da a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kusan sau 2 - seedlings sun riga sun bayyana a kan kwanakin 5-7.
Iyayen mahaifa suna da sirri wanda zai faranta ran mazauna bazara. Wannan tsire-tsire yana yaduwa da kyau ta hanyar shuka-kai. Sabili da haka, bayan yin aiki a kan shuka iri ɗaya na bazara, shekara mai zuwa zaku iya tsammanin furen zaiyi aiki mai wuya a gare ku - za a sake yin ado da gadajen fure da kuma wannan ciyawar.
Amma ga tsaba da aka saya ko aka tattara ta wurin mai lambu, rayuwar shiryayye galibi shekaru 3 ne.
Tiarin haske: a watan Yuni, gogaggun masu noman fure sun sake shuka iri, wannan ya cika lokacin cike, ciyawar fure zuwa ga daskararru.
Wace irin kulawa ake shuka?
Limnantes sanannen zuma shuka ne, saboda haka ƙudan zuma musamman son shi
Iyayen mahaukata ba mai ɗaukar hoto bane: ya dace da kusan kowace ƙasa (yashi, ɗan kwalin ɗanɗano, ɗan acidic, loam mai nauyi) da ƙarancin kulawa. Menene zai iya tsoma baki tare da girma da fure? Rashin hasken rana da matsaloli tare da ruwa (ana buƙatar ma'anar zinare a cikin wannan al'amari - bushewar ƙasa da matsanancin ruwa kuma sune masu cutarwa ga shuka).
Anan akwai wasu shawarwari don kulawa:
- idan an fara dasa ciyawar da bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da bishiyun bishiyoyi, ya kamata a datse rassan su;
- mulching (tare da sawdust, bambaro), da za'ayi jim kaɗan bayan dasawa seedlings, zai kare Tushen daga yiwu frosts, kuma limnantes kanta daga weeds da overdrying kasar gona;
- ya kamata ruwa ya zama na yau da kullun (musamman a cikin zafi), zaku iya amfani da daskararren ruwa na feshin ruwa;
- yakamata a cire furanni da suka bushe - wannan zai bawa tsirrai su zama kyakkyawa kuma zai zama abin ƙarfafawa don bayyanar sabbin budsanyun fure;
- An sauƙaƙa ɗaukakar furanni ta gabatarwar hadadden takin ƙasa sau ɗaya a wata.
Amma game da kwari da cututtuka, wannan ba shine mafi girman matsala ga mahaifa ba, “rigakafin” tana da ƙarfi. Koyaya, saboda tururuwar ruwa, naman daji na iya shafar naman daji har yanzu. Idan haka ta faru, "wanda aka azabtar", alas, dole ne ya kawar don kada tsire-tsire masu kewaye su yi rashin lafiya, kuma su gudanar da maganin kashe-kashe.
Limanees sun sami damar gamsar da abubuwan da ake so mafi yawan gaske: yawan ɗaruruwan furanni masu tabbatarwa da furanni - rawaya mai haske da fari fari - suna sa shafin ya zama kusan kusan duk lokacin bazara. Yana da mahimmanci cewa tsiro na kansa "makamashi" yana goyan bayan mai dacewa, kulawa na yau da kullun don dasa shuki.
