Lemon thyme - dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin tukunya

Thyme ciyawar daji ce ta dangin Lamiaceae, ko Labrettes. Daga cikin "danginsa" sune basil, Rosemary, sage, Mint, lemon balm, oregano. Mutane suna kiranta ciyawa ta thyme ko ciyawar Bogorodskaya saboda a Rasha al'ada ce ta yiwa gumakan gumakan kyawawan rassan wannan bishiyar. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu lambu ba su tattara shi a cikin daji ba, amma sun dasa lemonme thyme a cikin lambu na gida.

Iri daban-daban na thyme

Thyme wani iri ne na zamani. A cewar bayanai daban-daban, a cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan nau'in nau'in nau'in naman daji na daji da kusan ɗari huɗu. Thyme an rarraba kusan a ko'ina cikin Eurasia, Arewacin Amurka da Greenland. Kimanin nau'ikan ɗari biyu na wannan bishiyar suna girma akan ƙasa na Rasha.

Thyme a cikin filin ƙasa mai faɗi

Mafi shahararren thyme a cikin halittar shine thyme citriodorus, wanda aka fi sani da lemun tsami ko lemun tsami thyme saboda bambancin ƙamshin lemo tare da bayanin kula na caraway-anise. Ganyenta kore ne mai duhu, ko tsallake ko sira a tsari, tare da farin ko oran fari mai launin shuɗi. Don wannan launi na ganye, lemun tsami thyme galibi ana kiran shi variegata, wato, variegated.

Thyme "lemun tsami variegata"

Mafi yawan nau'ikan lemun tsami thyme da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ado na gadaje na fure da kuma shinge na lambu sune waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Bertram Anderson - wani daji ne mai furen ganye;
• Orange mai laushi - yana da furanni cikin launuka masu launin shuɗi mai haske da ganye mai tsayi;
• Edwallon Gwal - yana da ƙanshi mai daɗi kuma ana amfani dashi a dafa abinci;
• Sarkin Zinare - ganye yana da iyakar rawaya;
• Donna Valey - akwai ƙananan ramuka masu launin rawaya akan ganyen wannan nau'in;
• Sarauniyar azurfa (Sarauniyar azurfa) - blooms tare da launin ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda, ganye suna ƙanana, farin-farin (wanda ya ba da suna ga iri-iri).

Tarihin Thyme

Asalin amfanin amfanin thyme ya ɓace a cikin ƙarshen zamani. Har yanzu tsofaffin Sumerians na shekaru 3,000 BC. sunyi amfani da thyme azaman maganin maganin maganin ƙwayar cuta. A tsohuwar Misira, an ƙara samun mafita yayin jana'izar mam mum; a tsohuwar Girka, suna birgima haikalin da wuraren zama don fitar da mugayen ruhohi. Romawa sun kira thyme thymus, wanda aka fassara a zahiri a matsayin "turare, ƙanshin turare," yana ƙarfafa ƙayyadaddun kayan ƙanshi.

Godiya ga yawancin halaye masu amfani, thyme ya mamaye Turai ta tsakiyar ƙarni na 11-12. An ambace shi a cikin duk wuraren kula da lafiya, Sarauniya mai daraja - yawancin lokaci ana ƙara sarki da sunansa. An yaba masa da sihirin sihiri wanda ke qarfafa karfin gwiwa, da kuma ikon warkar da cutukan kwari masu guba.

Aikace-aikacen Thyme Yau

A halin yanzu ana horar da nau'in Thyme a cikin ƙasashe da yawa. Masu amfani da Thyme suna da sha'awar wannan shuka a cikin halaye masu zuwa:

• a matsayin kayan abinci - a matsayin kayan kwalliya da abin kiyayewa;
• don warkewa da amfani da maganin antiseptik;
• kamar albarkatun kasa don masana'antar kayan kwalliya;
• don dalilai na fasaha - don samar da man gaske;
• a matsayin shuka na ornamental - a gadaje na fure, lambuna, filaye na sirri.

Abincin kifi

A dafa abinci

Thyme da yardar rai amfani da dafa-gida a matsayin kayan yaji:

1. Matasa harbe da ganye suna ba jita-jita takamaiman ƙanshin yaji da ƙanshi mai daci. Shredded ganye ko matasa harbe an sanya shi a cikin soups, salads, kayan lambu jita-jita, pickles da pickles.
2. Yawanci, dafa abinci suna son yin aiki tare da sabon furannin tsami na lemo thyme, amma idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, kuna iya amfani da bushe thyme. A teaspoon na busassun kayan ƙanshi za su iya maye gurbin wadataccen tablespoon na freshly yankakken thyme.

3. Thyme yana da kyau don jita-jita na nama, musamman mai, yana da kyau tare da cheeses da cuku gida, har ma da kaji da kifi, yana jaddada dandanorsu daidai.

Don kiyayewa

Thyme kyakkyawan tsari ne na dabi'a, sabili da haka ana amfani dashi sau da yawa don shirye-shiryen marinade da kayan abinci, wato don kara rayuwar kayan abinci. Yawancin matan aure suna ƙara thyme a cikin wani ɓangaren kabeji na tumatir da tumatir - sababbin ganyen thyme suna ba da marinade na musamman dandano da ƙanshin. A shirye suke suyi amfani da ganyen lemun tsami irin su thyme - amountan ƙaramin ganyen sabo ne yake ba da abin sha na musamman ɗanɗano da ƙanshin lemun tsami.

Don kayan kwalliya

Abubuwan da ke da amfani ga kayan masarufi na thyme mai mahimmanci ana amfani dasu sosai a masana'antar kayan shafawa. An saka mai thyme a matsayin ƙanshi ga sabulu bayan gida, lipstick, cream, man goge baki da kayayyakin wanka. Mahimmin mai yana ƙunshe cikin ganyayyaki da mai tushe na thyme, ta hanyar pores na fata za a shiga cikin jiki, yana warkar da shi.

Warkar da kaddarorin

Phytoncides na tsire-tsire suna da amfani mai amfani a jikin ɗan adam, an ba da thyme tare da kayan antibacterial da antispasmodic Properties. A cikin maganin gargajiya, ana amfani dashi wajen maganin:

• sanyi;
• ciwon zuciya
• tsarin numfashi da juyayi;
• rashin bacci
• cutar kumburi;
• ciwon ciki.

Har ila yau yana da sakamako mai diuretic da expectorant. Tea tare da thyme calms, inganta yanayi, sauqaqa wahala rana. A cikin amfani yau da kullun, yi amfani da infusions da kayan ado. Masu maganin warkarwa suna ɗaukar ɓangaren ƙasa na shuka, takamaiman ganye da mai tushe waɗanda ke cike da mahimmancin man. Man na da kyawawan halayen antimicrobial da antifungal, ana amfani dashi a waje, ana amfani dashi aromatherapy. Thyme yana fitar da maniyyi yana inganta tari mai saurin tashi. Dangane da tasirin warkewa, man yayi nasarar yin nasara tare da syrups masu tsada da potions masu tsada.

Jiko na thyme

Kulawar Thyme a Gida

Ireme mai yawan shan lemon-lemon, wanda ake kira Aureus in Russian, yana samun karuwa sosai tsakanin masu sha'awar kiwo gida. Shuka da kanta unpreentious, dasa lemon-kamshi mai guba da kulawa da nau'ikan lemun tsami basa buƙatar ƙoƙari da yawa, amfanin sa a bayyane yake.

Thyme tsire-tsire ne marasa tushe, yana jin dadi a cikin yanayin gida. Tushen tushen thyme nau'in na sama ne, saboda haka za'a iya girma cikin tukwane.

Noma na thyme a gida baya buƙatar yanayi na musamman na tsarewa, ba wuya a kula dashi ba. Lokacin da an riga an dasa thyme a cikin tukunya, kulawar gida kawai yana buƙatar yarda da rulesan dokoki kaɗan game da samarwa:

• zafin jiki da zafi da ake buƙata;
• cikakken haske;
• ingantaccen ruwa da feshin ruwa;
• abun da ake buƙata na ƙasa da kuma kayan miya.

Zazzabi da zafi

A cikin yanayin halitta, thyme baya girma cikin bushewa da wuraren buɗewa, zafin rana mai zafi sosai. A cikin yanayin aikin gida na wannan tsire-tsire mai yaji, ana bayar da shawarar yanayin zafi da zafi mai zuwa:

1. Mafi kyawun zazzabi shine:

• a lokacin rani - a cikin kewayon daga digiri 18 zuwa 22, matsakaici - digiri 25 ;;
• a cikin hunturu - daga digiri 6 zuwa 13.

2. Thyme ba ya buƙatar musamman game da yanayin zafi, 70-80% yana da gamsuwa ". Sau da yawa, ana sanya farantin ruwa kusa da tukunyar filawa domin danshi mai ɗumi yana taimakawa wajen kula da danshi a matakin da ake buƙata. Don inganta bayyanar a lokacin rani, ana bada shawara cewa ana shuka tsire-tsire lokaci-lokaci sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a rana tare da ruwa daga bindiga na yau da kullun. Za a sami karin daji da kyau.

Thyme a cikin tukunya

Haske

Thyme yana da matukar son rana kuma yana girma a gindin tsaunuka ko kuma a cikin faffadan sararin samaniya yana budewa ga hasken rana. A cikin gida yana buƙatar samar da hasken rana aƙalla aƙalla 6 hours a rana. Rashin fitowar hasken wuta ta hanyar fitolamps na musamman ne. A cikin inuwa, shuka ya bushe, mai tushe yana miƙa, ƙanshin ya ɓace.

Watering da spraying

Thyme an daidaita shi da busasshiyar ƙasa, saboda haka matsakaiciyar shayarwa ta isa masa:

• a lokacin rani - kullun a cikin karamin yanki na ruwa mai taushi da kariya, ko ƙari mai yawa a kowace kwana 3;
• a lokacin kaka-hunturu - sau biyu a mako.

Tun da waterlogging na kasar gona ne wanda ba a ke so da thyme, shi ne fin so ka yi amfani da spraying yau da kullum.

Ilasa da kayan miya

Thyme yana girma sosai cikin haske, ƙasa mara nauyi. Lokacin girma thyme a cikin tukunya akan windowsill, ana ba da shawarar ƙasa don dasa:

• nau'in ƙasa da aka sayi "Duk abu don cacti" tare da ƙari na ƙasar baƙar fata a cikin gwargwadon 1/3;
• cakuda ƙasa baki ɗaya hade da 1/3 na yashi mai kyau;
• cakuda peat, ƙasa turɓaya da yashi a daidai sassa.

Thyme zai iya yin ba tare da ƙarin takin mai magani ba, amma idan an hado shi sau ɗaya a wata tare da takin zamani, ba zai yi muni ba. Manyan riguna tare da karamin adadi na abubuwan ma'adinai-na gargajiya suna bada shawara ga tsire-tsire masu rauni kawai.

Flowing lemun tsami thyme

Lokacin fure na Thymus citriodorus ya rufe dukkan watanni uku na bazara. Furannin lemun tsami thyme suna da nau'ikan ido biyu, corolla wanda aka san shi da alamun masu zuwa:

• lebe na sama, wanda ya kunshi hakora biyu, ya durƙusa;
• leben ƙananan yana da fadi, tare da hakora uku a saman, an nannade ɗan ƙasa.

Kayan fure-thyme biyu

Furannin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ne marasa kan gado da ƙarami, ana fentin su a cikin tabarau daban-daban: daga ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi zuwa violet, gwargwadon yawancin. Furannin an tattara furanni a cikin sifa mai cike da hankali inflorescences located a ƙarshen mai tushe. Kofuna na inflorescences suna da fadi-kararrawa-mai siffa. A farkon kaka, ƙaramar ƙwanƙwasa tare da fruita fruitan itace huɗu a kowane ya bayyana a kan tabo na inflorescences.

Yaɗuwar thyme ta zuriya

Ana amfani da yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba lokacin da ya cancanta don samun seedlings kamar kayan shuka. Yadda ake girma thyme da Rosemary daga tsaba a gida? Florists bada shawara:

1. Idan kuna buƙatar thyme don yin fure a cikin shekarar dasa ta a cikin ƙasa, to,

• wajibi ne a shuka tsaba a gida;
• lokacin girbi ya makara lokacin kaka.

2. Idan lokacin da aka shuka fure shukar ba ingantacce bane, to za'ayi shukar ne a farkon bazara. Kafin dasawa cikin filin budewa, seedlings zai sami lokaci don yayi girma da ƙarfi, amma zai yi fure kawai a shekara mai zuwa.

Selectionasa zaɓi don dasa shuki

Zai fi kyau girma tsaba a cikin thyme a cikin ƙasa da aka sayi cakti mai hade ko ƙasa don haɓaka cacti. A cikin tattalin ƙasa cakuda ƙara 3 volumetric sassan chernozem.

Lokacin amfani da lambun lambun, ana haɗa waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa a cikin adadi kaɗan:

• kyakkyawan kogin yashi;
• ash;
• ƙasa mai baƙar fata.

Doka don girma tsaba thyme a cikin tukunya

Don shuka kamar thyme, ana yin lemon tsami na tsaba a cikin tukunya bisa ga ka'idojin duniya kamar haka:

1. An zaɓi tukunyar filawa ko wata kwantena tare da tsayi ba fiye da 5 cm ba.

Tukwane na dasa shuki

2. A kasan tukunyar, an shimfiɗa babban kauri 1 cm cm na dunƙulen matsakaici, wanda aka sanya matsayin aikin magudanar ruwa. An ba da izinin yumɓu, yumɓu ko katako mai jan ƙarfe. Ramin magudanar ruwa dole ne ya bada izinin barin ruwa mai yawa wucewa ta ciki kuma kar ya zama ya toshe ƙasa.
3. Abubuwan da aka shirya da ƙasa an shirya an zuba su a tukunya kuma a haɗa.
4. An shuka iri na shuka. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa ƙwayar thyme ta ƙanana sosai cewa shuka iri a cikin ƙasa mai daɗi a lokaci guda ba gaskiya bane. An rarraba su a ko'ina cikin ƙasa da aka rufe kuma yafa masa wani yanki na ƙasa har zuwa 1 cm lokacin farin ciki.
5. Kafin 'ya'yan farko na farko sun bayyana, ƙasa tana lokaci-lokaci a cikin jika daga bindiga da aka fesa, a tabbata cewa ƙasa tana danshi koyaushe.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa tare da haɓaka thyme

Lokacin da shuka tsirrai ƙarƙashin halaye na gidaje, cikakkiyar cikakken kwatancin yanayin yanayin da suke zama dashi shine kan gaba. Rashin cika wannan buƙata yana haifar da mummunan sakamako ga shuka. Don shuka thyme, noman lemun tsami na wannan amfanin gona yana iya kasancewa tare da waɗannan matsaloli masu zuwa, waɗanda babban su ne:

1. Rashin walƙiya, sakamakon haifar fure ya tilasta ya hau sama. Ganyayyun daji ya zube. A roko na roko daga daji ya rasa saboda rashin m ganye taro.
2. Waterlogging na kasar gona, haifar da cututtuka cututtuka.
3. Rashin yarda da tsarin zazzabi. Lokacin da zazzabi ya sauka, themememolis thyme ya mutu.

Cutar thyme

Thyme yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal wanda ke shafar iska da tushen tsarin dajin.

M sassan thyme

Mafi na kowa cuta fungal cuta na thyme girma a kan bude lambu ƙasa ne tsatsa lalacewa ta hanyar tsatsa naman gwari. Tsatsa yana shafar sassan jikin m na thyme: ganye da harbe. A cikin dajin da ba shi da lafiya, an hana aikin photosynthesis, ganyayyaki ya rasa damshi, girma yana raguwa sosai. Idan baku yi yaƙi da cutar ba, to naman gwari zai bazu zuwa tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya, wanda zai haifar da bushewarsa da mutuwa. Distinwararren fasalin ɗan tsatsa shine kasancewa a kan wuraren da abin ya shafa na jan pustules ja (tubercles-vesicles), a cikin abin da spores na naman gwari-pathogen ripen. Lokacin fashe fashewar abubuwa daga pustules, spores ya zube cikin yanayin. A waje, sun yi kama da tsatsa tsattsauran ra'ayi.

Thyme, girma a cikin mazaunin gida, baya samun tsatsa. Koyaya, akwai lokuta lokacin da, bayan sanyawa a kan baranda kusa da lafiya thyme ƙwayar cuta mara lafiya da aka kawo daga gonar, ƙwayar tsatsa ta ƙara zuwa gareta.

Kai

Tsarin Tushen Thyme

Da yawa dozin irin fungi ne causative jamiái daga tushen rot na thyme, sakamakon abin da suke:

• lalacewar tushen tsiron;
• withering na m bangare kuma m mutuwar shuka.

Tushen Tushen yana da haɗari daidai da duka thyme, wanda ke tsiro a cikin ƙasa, kuma don tsararren gida, tun da yawan danshi da zazzabi da ya wuce digiri 20-25 sune yanayi mai kyau don haɓakawa da haɓakar ƙwayar cuta ta fungal.

Kwarin gwiwar Thyme

Tsarin kwari ba zai iya jure ƙanshi na lemun tsami ba. Duk da haka ya raunana daji lalacewar ta lalace ta hanyar waɗannan kwari:

• Aphids da ke shan ruwan ganye;
• Sand lag buga ƙasa;
• Mage, kwance kwanciyarta a furanni da cin ganye;
• Macijin ciyawa, wanda ke sa ganye a ganina;

Makiyaya asu

• Wani gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, bracing tare da yanar gizo dukkan sassan shuka.Mididdigar ɗan mite sun sami damar hanzarta faɗuwar ganye a cikin daji gaba ɗaya.

Wannan a cikin daji thyme yana kama da itace mai laushi. Ta hanyar ƙoƙarin lambu, masu shayarwa, yawancin nau'in thyme sun bayyana tare da asalin launi na ganye da furanni. A lokaci guda, lambun thyme ya riƙe duk halayensa masu amfani, kasancewa likita na gida, ƙwararren masanin abinci, da kuma masanin ilimin kwalliya.