Hanya daya da za a yadu da strawberries ita ce girma daga tsaba. Matasa bushes samu ta wannan hanyar iya Bloom bayan watanni 6, don haka mafi yawan lokuta ana shuka kayan shuka don seedlings a watan Janairu da Fabrairu.
Shin zai yiwu a shuka strawberries daga tsaba
An yi amfani da lambu da yawa don yada yaduwar strawberries ta hanyar ciyawa: rosettes ko rarraba daji. Amma ana iya girma daga tsire-tsire daga tsaba, kodayake ana amfani da wannan hanyar sau da yawa ga wasu nau'ikan smallan itace mai gemu. Tare da taimakon yaduwar iri, masu shayarwa sun shayar da sabon iri da kuma jigo.
Wadancan tsire-tsire waɗanda muke shukawa a cikin shirye shiryen lambunmu yakamata a kira su strawberries lambu, amma kalmar "strawberry" an daɗe da kafawa a rayuwar yau da kullun.
Sanyaya jiyya iri
Strawberries daga tsaba suna yawanci girma ta hanyar seedlings. A wannan yanayin, yi amfani da:
- allunan peat;
- kowane kofuna;
- kwantena.
Tunda tsaba strawberry suna ƙanana, ba a shuka su kai tsaye a buɗe a ƙasa. Don ƙara germination na dasa kayan, magani na shuka-pre, wanda ya ƙunshi a cikin daidaitawa da germination, ya zama dole.
Zaɓin tsaba don dasa
Yanzu a kasuwa zaku iya samun tsaba na iri iri da kuma hybrids na strawberries. Lokacin zabar jaka, lallai ne a duba ranar karewa, tunda kayan dasa kayan yayi saurin asarar saurin sa kuma bazai shuka shekara guda bayan ya gama girki da kayan marufi. Har ila yau, marufi ya bambanta da yawan ƙwaya, wasu hybrids suna ɗauke da tsaba daga 4 zuwa 10. Kuma, hakika, kuna buƙatar la'akari da abin da kuke so ku samu a ƙarshen: bushes don baranda, dasa itace a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ko kyawawan tsire-tsire masu rataye.
A kasuwa zaku iya siyan iri daban-daban da kuma hybrids na strawberries
Wani zabin shine tara tsaba daga naku berries. Amma idan kuna da nau'ikan da yawa a kan rukunin yanar gizon, to, za su iya zama turɓaya, kuma nau'ikanku na musamman zai yi girma daga tsaba.
Madaidaici
Amincewa da tsaba shine wanda ake bukata a matsayin wanda ake bukata don samun shuki mai farashi. Ana yin sa duka biyu kafin shuka, da kuma bayan sa.
Hanyar ta ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:
- An zubar da 'ya'yan itace Strawberry a kan matattarar auduga mai laushi kuma an rufe shi da na biyu.
- Ana sanya komai a cikin karamin akwati na abinci kuma a tsaftace shi na tsawon kwanaki 2 a cikin wurin dumi.
- Sa'an nan kuma an sanya akwatin a kan ƙananan shiryayye na firiji kuma a ajiye shi don wani kwanaki 2.
Don stratification, an dasa kyawawan ƙwayar strawberry a cikin rigar shafewa ko fayafai kuma an sanya su cikin firiji
- A tsakanin makonni biyu, ana fitar da tsaba ko dai don zafi ko sanyi. Kowace rana, ana buɗe akwati kuma ana shayar da su.
Idan kuna shirin dasa nau'ikan da yawa, kar ku manta ku sanya sunayen.
Bayan stratification, ana iya shuka iri a cikin faranti, allunan peat ko a bar su da ɗumi har sai Tushen ya bayyana.
Fasaha
Tsaba na iri daban-daban masu mahimmanci za'a iya yin tumatir kafin dasa shuki.
- Daskararren kayan dasa an shimfiɗa su a kan saucer tare da adiko na goge baki a da yawa yadudduka.
- Fesa tare da narke ko ruwan sama da wuri a cikin jaka na filastik mai ma'ana.
- An bar dam ɗin a cikin wuri mai haske da ɗumi mai ɗumi tare da zazzabi na 25 ° C. Ana cire dropsan saurin tattara na condensate, kuma idan jakar ta bushe, sai a sanyaya zirin ta hanyar fesawa.
A lokacin da germinating, da tsaba ya kamata ba iyo a ruwa.
Da yawa tsaba na strawberry shuka
Tsaba na kananan-fruited iri da suka shude stratification kuma suke a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi, germinate a cikin mako. Tare da shuka mara kyau ko tare da rashin zafi da haske, seedlings bazai bayyana ba.
Tsaba na manyan 'ya'yan itace da suka yi tsiro a cikin mako biyu.
Hanyoyi don dasa strawberries tare da tsaba
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa na shuka tsaba:
- a dusar ƙanƙara;
- a cikin allunan peat;
- a cikin kowane kofuna;
- a cikin akwati na kowa.
A cikin dusar ƙanƙara
Ofayan mafi sauƙi don dasa shuki strawberries shine shuka tsaba a cikin dusar ƙanƙara.
- Aauki ƙaramin akwati na abinci tare da murfi kuma sanya ramuka magudana a ƙasan.
- Zuba ƙasa hade da yashi ko vermiculite a cikin wani akwati, dan kadan m.
- Yada santimita 1-2 na dusar ƙanƙara.
Tsarin dusar ƙanƙara a saman ƙasa ya kamata ya zama santimita 1-2
- An zubar da 'Ya'yan itacen Strawberry ko yada tare da ɗan yatsan haƙora akan dusar ƙanƙara.
Daga sama, tsaba basa yin barci, idan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, suna jan su zuwa ƙasa
- Ana tsabtace akwati a cikin firiji, kuma bayan 'yan awanni, idan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, suna rufe ta da murfi.
- Bayan kwanaki 7-10, ana kwashe ƙwayoyin ɓoyayyen firiji daga cikin firiji kuma a sanya su a cikin wuri mai ɗumi mai haske. Mafi kyawun - a ƙarƙashin fitilar. A zazzabi na ƙasa na 25 ° C, tsaba suna girma a cikin mako guda.
- Kowace rana, kuna buƙatar kwantar da amfanin gona ta ɗaga murfin.
- Ba a cire murfin daga cikin akwati ba har sai ganye na gaske na 2-3 ya bayyana a kan tsire-tsire.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a cikin dusar ƙanƙara
A cikin allunan peat
Kwanan nan, allunan peat sun zama sananne. Babban alfanun su sune:
- rashin datti lokacin saukarwa;
- sauƙi a cikin ɗauka.
Zai fi kyau dasawa a cikin allunan peat da aka riga an daidaita ko shuka iri.
Zai dace da girma ƙananan tsaba a cikin allunan peat.
Matakan dasa a cikin peat Allunan:
- Jiƙa Allunan a cikin ruwan dumi.
- Allunan daskararre peatllen suna an matse su kaɗan kuma a sanya su cikin akwati tare da murfi.
- A cikin kowane kwamfutar hannu an sanya 1 haɓaka iri ko 2-3 ba.
- Rufe Allunan tare da murfi kuma sanya su a cikin wuri mai ɗumi mai haske. A kwance iska a rana sau ɗaya, buɗe murfi da duba shingen.
- Bayan fitowan, ba'a cire murfin ba, kawai murfin da ya bayyana yana cirewa.
- Lokacin da ganye na ainihi 3 suka bayyana, a hankali sananniyar ƙwayar ciyawa ta saba da iska ta al'ada.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a cikin allunan peat
Strawberry seedling care
Daga farkon kwanakin, strawberries suna buƙatar ranar 12-hasken rana. Tare da amfanin gona na farkon hunturu, dole ne a haskaka seedlings. Mafi kyawun duka, picotolamps bicolor jimre wa wannan aikin. Saboda jan launi da launin shuɗi, ba a shimfiɗa shuka ba. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, zaku iya haskakawa tare da fitilu na al'ada ko fitilun fitila.
A cikin yanayin gizagizai, ana barin wutar ta awanni 12, a sarari da rana - kunna a maraice don awoyi da yawa. Idan ba zai yiwu a ninka ƙarin ƙwayar cuta ba, to, an fi shuka shuka a watan Maris ko Afrilu, lokacin da akwai ƙarin haske na halitta.
Dole ne a kara dasa kwayayen tumatir idan an shuka iri a cikin hunturu
Wani mahimmancin nuance shine zafi. 'Ya'yan itacen tsiro za su yi girma sosai a 25 ° C kawai. Idan seedlings suna kan windowsill, to, ku duba zazzabi kuma, idan ya cancanta, ku rufe farfajiya da kayan ruɓi:
- polystyrene;
- da yawa yadudduka na kwali;
- kumfa.
Makon farko na farko, yakamata strawberries yayi girma a ƙarƙashin murfin don ɗaukar ciki na akwati yana da microclimate m danshi. Lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, ana yin ruwa ta hanyar fesawa daga gun feshi ko sirinji tare da allura da ke toshe ƙasa. Idan an rufe akwati da 'ya'yan itace da kyau, to da wuya a shayar da su.
'Ya'yan itacen Strawberry suna ƙanana, bai kamata ku buɗe murfin kai tsaye ba, jira har ganye 3 na gaske suka yi girma
Daukana seedlings
Lokacin da ganyayyaki 3 na ainihi suka bayyana akan matasa bushes, za'a iya dasa shukar tsire cikin kwantena daban, sannan kuma saba da iska ta cikin gidan. Matattarar ruwa:
- Kafin ɗaukar hoto, yana da kyau a zube kwandon tare da strawberries tare da maganin HB-101 (digo 1 na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin 500 ml na ruwa).
Ana yin sinadarin Vitalizer NV-101 a saukad da ganyen 1-2 na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace lita na ruwa
- Mun shirya kwantena mutum ɗaya don kowane daji, cika su da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki. Don yin wannan, Mix:
- 10 lita na peat da aka saya;
- 1 lita na biohumus;
- 1 lita na maganin vermiculite;
- 2 lita na socon kwakwa mai.
Abu ne mai matuƙar dace don nutse huhun iri iri a cikin sel daban
- Muna ɗaukar kowane daji daga gandun daji tare da ƙaramin cokali mai yatsa kuma muka watsa shi cikin tukunyar mutum ɗaya, a sauƙaƙe ruwa da HB-101 bayani. Tabbatar cewa zuciyar strawberry tana matakin ƙasa.
Bishiyar 'ya'yan itace Strawberry tana nutsar da guda a kowanne kofi
- Fesa da spiked seedlings tare da Epin ko HB-101 don taimaka danniya da mafi kyawun tushen. Idan seedlings a gaban waɗanda ke tarawa ya yi girma a ƙarƙashin murfi, to muna rufe tukwane da tsare kuma a hankali daidaita da iska cikin ɗakin a cikin 'yan kwanaki masu zuwa.
Na saba da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na busassun tsire-tsire zuwa busasshen iska na gida nan da nan bayan nutsewa, feshe tsire-tsire a kowane sa'o'i 2-3 tare da ruwa wanda ke dillan shirin NV-101. Dukkanin tsire-tsire sun yi haƙuri da ɗaukar hoto da sauri kuma suna da tushe.
Idan an girma seedlings a cikin allunan peat, to kuna buƙatar:
- Yanke kwamfutar hannu, cire raga.
- Shuka tare da dunƙule na ƙamshi da aka sanya a tukunya.
- Yayyafa da ƙasa.
Bayan juyawa, kula da ciyawar daji yakan sauko zuwa ruwa na yau da kullun, kayan miya na lokaci-lokaci kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙara ƙasa. Strawberries suna matukar son ruwa, musamman idan a tsaye a kan windowsill mai zafi ko a rana. Sannan ƙananan tukwane suna buƙatar shayar da su a kowace kwanaki 2-3.
Kuna iya ciyar da strawberries makonni 2 bayan tara, amma kashi na takin ya kamata a raba rabin. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da waɗancan magungunan inda nitrogen ke nasara.
Ina ciyar da duka seedlings na strawberries kowane kwanaki 10 tare da shiri na Gumistar, kiwo bisa ga umarnin. Tsirrai suna haɓaka sosai, suna da ƙarfi da lafiya.
Strawberries suna matukar son ciyar da Gumistar, wanda ya haɗa da abubuwan gina jiki da haɓaka haɓaka
Bidiyo: shan tumatir
Saukowa a cikin dindindin
Yana dan shekara biyu zuwa uku, ana iya dasa bishiyoyi a wani wuri na dindindin.
Seedlingsaukaka mai inganci a lokacin dasa shuki a cikin dindindin ya kamata ya sami ganye da yawa da ingantaccen tsarin tushen
Strawberriesan ƙaramin itace da ke girke girke na girke-girke strawberries ana girma a gida a cikin tukunyar tukunya, a baranda ko loggia, a kan hanyoyi ko akan gado daban. Ga kowane daji, tukunya mai lita biyu ya isa. Kuna iya shuka tsire-tsire da yawa a cikin akwatin baranda mai tsawo, to, nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama 20-25 cm.
Manyan strawberriesa strawberriesan strawberriesa strawberriesan strawberriesa strawberriesan ,a aan, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana girma ne domin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko kuma a cikin greenhouse, ƙasa da yawa don namo a cikin tukunyar tukunya-tukunya. Ana shuka 'yan ƙwaya a cikin ƙasa bayan kawai lokacin da aka tabbatar da zazzabi mai kyau kuma ba a tsammani sanyi ba. Matasa tsire-tsire suna saba da sabon yanayi: awanni da yawa suna ɗaukar bushes a cikin iska, suna barin su ya fi tsayi a kowace rana.
Yawancin lokaci a bayan jaka yana nuna nisan da ake so tsakanin bushes, saboda kowane iri yana da halaye na kansa kuma wasu tsire-tsire na iya zama babba. Sabili da haka, dasa shuki-manyan strawberriesa strawberriesan itace na iya zama nesa daga 20 cm zuwa 50 cm tsakanin bushes.
Strawberries na Ampel ya ba da 'ya'ya ba kawai a kan mashigar kanta ba, har ma a kan gashin-baki, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya yi kyau sosai a cikin kwanduna rataye, tukwane na fure ko kan gadaje na tsaye.
Hoton hoto: inda zaku iya dasa shukar strawberries
- Ana iya dasa nau'in Ampel a cikin kwalaye rataye
- Manyan strawberriesa strawberriesan strawberriesa strawberriesan strawberriesa strawberriesan area arean itace galibi ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
- Strawberriesan itace-strawberriesan itace ban itace kaɗan an ansu tukwane biyu na lita
Arin kulawa da ciyawa na daji da aka shuka daga tsaba iri ɗaya ne na waɗanda aka samo daga must must.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki irin shuka bishiyoyi a buɗe
Domin girma karfi da lafiya seedlings na strawberries daga tsaba, shi wajibi ne don shuka stratified dasa kayan, amfani da ƙarin hasken tsire-tsire a farkon lokacin, a hankali ruwa da ciyar seedlings. Sa'an nan kuma a farkon Yuni za ku karɓi blooming strawberry bushes.
