Myrtle

Hoto

Myrtle (Myrtus) shine bishiyar bishiyar bishiyun daga dangin Myrtle. A cikin vivo yana faruwa a kan Azores, a cikin sassan kudancin Turai, Crimea da Arewacin Afirka. Wurin haifuwa na Myrtle shine Bahar Rum. A cikin yanayin, tsire-tsire mai kayan ado-deciduous ya kai m 4 tsawon shekaru na rayuwa Don girma itace a gida, lallai ne kuyi ƙoƙari kuma kuyi haƙuri.

Yana haɓaka a hankali, yana ƙaruwa zuwa matsakaicin 0.2 m a cikin shekara guda. Zai iya kaiwa fiye da m 1.5 a cikin shekaru masu yawa. Amma yawan tunani na shuka ciyawar zai fi abin biya duk tsammanin. A ƙarshen bazara, furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai launin dusar ƙanƙanuwa mai launin shuɗi tare da daskararrun elongated stamens sun bayyana a bangon ganye mai haske. Suna kama da furanni ceri. To, a wurinsu, fararen fari ko duhu mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan sha mai tsari.

Kalli fure mara kyau ga gidan - lambu jasmine.

	Yana haɓaka a hankali, a cikin shekara guda yana girma da matsakaicin 0.2 m.
	Yana fure daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara.
	Itace mai sauki tayi girma.
	Itace shuka iri.

M Properties na myrtle

Hoton myrtle a ciki

Shuka ƙwayoyin tsirrai suna ɓoye abubuwa masu warkarwa - maras tabbas, mai cutarwa ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Sanya bushes biyu a cikin ɗaki tare da wurin kusan 18 m² rage da 45% hadarin kumburi daga cikin babba na numfashi. Samun tasiri mai tasiri na kwayan cuta, baya haifar da rashin lafiyan cuta.

Mahimman mai na shuka yana ƙara ƙarfin rigakafi, sauƙaƙe bronchospasm. Ana ƙara ganyayyaki masu bushe zuwa shayi, ana amfani dashi azaman yaji. Ana amfani da itace a matsayin mai don gasa. Ana shirya ruwan barasa daga 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganye. Ana amfani da furanni da ganyayyaki a kayan kwalliya. An yi imani cewa irin wannan itacen a cikin gidan yana da alaƙa ta ruhaniya.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Myrtle mai kyau na Rum a gida yana buƙatar karin kulawa. Don ganin furanni a bishiyar kyakkyawar bishiyar kyau, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau duka:

Yanayin Zazzabi	A cikin bazara - a cikin kaka - ba tsayi sama da + 22 ° C ba, a cikin hunturu - kimanin + 12 ° C.
Jin zafi	High, sau da yawa aka fesa.
Haske	A lokacin bazara - yalwatacce, sau 3-4 kowane kwana 7; a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 10; bukatar kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa.
Watse	Farjin kasan ya kamata ya bushe; a lokacin rani suna ruwa sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7, ƙasa da yawa a cikin hunturu.
Kasar	Duniya dan kadan acidic substrate ko cakuda daidai sassan humus, lambun lambu da perlite.
Taki da taki	A lokacin haɓaka aiki, kowane mako 2 tare da takaddun ma'adinai mai hadaddun, diluted sau da yawa.
Juyawa	Treeswararrun bishiyoyi - kowace bazara, mai girma - kowace shekara 3.5; ba tare da zurfafa tushen wuya ba.
Kiwo	Apical cuttings da tsaba.
Siffofin girma myrtle	A shuka yana buƙatar yau da kullum spring pruning ta samar da kyakkyawan kambi. A lokacin dumi, suna fitar da su zuwa cikin iska, suna zaɓar wurin da aka kiyaye daga daftarin.

Kula da Myrtle a gida. Daki-daki

Dankin yana da motsi. Idan wani abu a cikin yanayin tsarewa bai dace da shi ba, nan da nan zai watsar da ganyayyaki. Kiyaye wannan a cikin, marowaci yakamata yayi kokarin kirkirar yanayi mai kyau domin bishiyar.

Gudun ruwa

Idan mai kula da gonar ya kula da shuka, zai yi sa'a da ganin myrtle ya yi fure. Itace fure abune mai ban sha'awa kyakkyawa. A farkon lokacin bazara, ƙarami (bai wuce 20 mm ba) furanni biyar na fure da aka “yi wa ado” da adon mutane da yawa suna bayyana a kan myrtle.

Halittar-fari mai launin dusar ƙanƙara tana kama da laushin yanayin tushen ganye mai duhu mai haske. Furanni da ganye suna da wari mai daɗi. Yana da wuya blooms a gida. Amma idan kuna ƙoƙari sosai, a cikin ɗakin gidan zaka iya ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau duka don fure:

itacen ya kamata ya sami isasshen haske da iska mai tsabta;
a cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar kyakkyawan hutawa a cikin sanyin sanyi kuma tare da wahalar shayarwa;
Wajibi ne a bar yinin ko ciyar da shi a ƙarshen hunturu;
iya aiki ya zama ƙarami ga shuka.

Idan an yi komai daidai, daga farkon watan Yuni zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta zai iya yiwuwa a more kyawawan fure na itace. Berries mai cin abinci zai bayyana bayan furanni.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Yana da matukar damuwa ga zazzabi, saboda haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a lura da yanayin zafin jiki. A cikin hunturu, ana sa shuka a + 10-12 ° C. Daga bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka, ana ɗaukar zazzabi na + 20-22 ° C mai gamsarwa. Don kiyayewa a cikin wani yanayi mai ɗumi, da shuka zai yi fushi kuma ya watsar da ganyayyaki. Dole ne a kiyaye itacen daga matsanancin zafin jiki mai kaifi da daftarin, ba za a iya sanya shi kusa da kwandishan ba.

A lokacin rani, a yanayin dumama, ana fitar da itacen zuwa baranda.

Fesa

Itace Myrtle baya jure bushewar iska. Sau da yawa ya zama dole don fesa itacen. Za'a iya sanya tsiron a kan wata takarda tare da ruwan pebbles ko sanya kusa da akwatin kifaye. Ya kamata sau da yawa kunna kunna humidifier, saka akwati na bude ruwa kusa da itaciyar.

Haske

Haske mai kyau da aka zaɓa shine mabuɗin zuwa kyakkyawan ciyayi. An bada shawara don adana itacen a cikin ɗakin da aka kunna. Hasken rana mai haske tare da ɗan inuwa yana da kyau a gare shi.

A cikin yaudarar haske zai Bloom talauci, ko da yake ganye zai zama haske da denser. A wani wuri mai tsananin haske, itaciyar zata shimfiɗa kuma ba zata yi fure ba. Zai fi kyau sanya shuka a kan taga tana fuskantar kudu maso gabas ko kudu maso yamma.

Watse

Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai kyama. Watering ya kamata yalwatacce. A lokacin haɓaka mai ƙarfi, ana shayar da itaciyar har zuwa sau 4 a mako (maƙarƙashin ya kamata ya bushe 1 cm tsakanin maɓallin ruwa). A cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10.

Yi amfani da ruwa mai kariya mai kariya sosai, in ba haka ba salts na magnesium da alli tare da farin aibobi zasu warware faranti. An kewaye kewayen akwati tare da kwakwa na kwakwa ko kuma haushi wanda ya sa ana adana danshi a ƙasa. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a hana tururuwar danshi, saboda wannan an ƙirƙiri babban magudanar magudanar ruwa.

Wiwi

An zaɓi tukunya mai zurfi na zurfi tare da ramuka magudanar a ƙasan saboda ƙasan tushen shuka, lokacin farin ciki matattakalar ruwa kuma babu kwararar ruwa a ciki. Lokacin dasawa, ana maye gurbin tukunya tare da akwati wanda girmansa ya fi 3.5 cm girma fiye da wanda ya gabata. Ya kamata a lura cewa tukunyar ya kamata ta ɓoye tushen kadan, in ba haka ba fure ba zai iya jira ba.

Kasar

Don zaku iya sayan kayan da aka shirya na duniya baki ɗaya waɗanda ke da ɗan ɗanɗano acidic (pH 5.3 - 6.4) ko kuma wani madarasi don citrus. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ƙasa daga ƙasa mai gona, humus da perlite da aka ɗauka a yanki ɗaya. Babban abu shi ne cewa kasar gona ya zama mai gina jiki, numfashi da sako-sako.

Don yin wannan, ƙara vermiculite, kayan kwakwa, kwalliyar bulo a ƙasa. Gurasar ƙoshin ƙasa da alkama na gari zasu inganta tsarin ƙasa.

Taki da taki

Don ƙarfafa kiwon lafiya da kuma kula da kwalliya a babban matakin, takin da takin ya zama dole. Daga farkon rabin Maris zuwa farkon Oktoba, myrtle ana haduwa da shi a cikin kwanaki 14. Kafin fure, ana amfani da mafita don tsirrai da tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin tsire-tsire masu ɗauke da nitrogen a cikin babban kashi.

Lokacin da buds fara saita, yi amfani da kayan aiki tare da babban taro na phosphorus da potassium - don tsire-tsire na cikin gida na fure. Ana narkar da taki sau biyu kuma ku ba da itacen bayan shayarwa. Bayan an sanya miya, ana sa shuka a cikin inuwa don awanni 24.

Myrtle dashi

Mitar yaduwar ya dogara da shekarun shuka. Matasa bushes bukatar shi a kowace shekara, da kuma balagagge wadanda bayan shekaru 3.5, a lõkacin da tushen gaba daya rungumi wani dunƙule dunƙule. An maye gurbin dasa Myrtle ta hanyar natsuwa don kar a lalata tushen itacen.

An shuka shuka sosai a cikin ƙasa, ba tare da zurfafa tushen wuya ba, har haɓakar baya gushewa. Samfuran samfuran manya ba su dasawa, suna wartsake abinci.

Yadda za'a shuka amfanin gona?

Yana amsawa da kyau ga aski. Trimming ne yake aikata don samar da kambi. Don samar da wata kambi mai zagaye, tsunkule manyan harbe, ƙananan basu yanke ba. Don girma itace tare da akwati ɗaya mai ƙarfi, zaɓi kyawawan kyawawan kyawawan itace a tsakiyar, kuma ana cire ƙananan harbe gaba ɗaya ko a yanka zuwa tsawon da ake so, yana ba da siffar da ake so.

Kawai tsire-tsire masu balaga ana gwada su da siffar kambi. Yaran bishiyoyi ba su da ƙarfi ba tukuna, aiki zai rage ci gaban su. Dole ne a tuna cewa shuka ba ya ɗaure buds a kan harbe da aka yanke. Idan da gaske kuna son ganin furannin bishiya, sai suka ƙi datsa ko canja shi zuwa ƙarshen Fabrairu.

Lokacin hutawa

A ƙarshen Oktoba, sun fara shirin hutawa: sun rage ciyarwa da shayarwa, kuma sannu a hankali zazzage zafin jikinsu. Lokacin hutawa yana gudana daga tsakiyar Nuwamba zuwa tsakiyar Fabrairu. A wannan lokacin, ana kiyaye itacen a zazzabi da ba ya wuce + 10 ° C kuma a cikin haske mai kyau. Kula da babban zafi.

Ana shuka tsire-tsire a kullun; ana amfani da humidifiers.

Shin zai yuwu barin myrtle ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Idan kun tafi hutu na dogon lokaci, zaku iya gaya dangi su kula da shuka. Za ku iya sanya tukunyar a cikin kwandon firam mai girma, kuma ku saɗaya gansakuka tsakanin bangon su.

Myrtle kiwo

Sake bugun yana yiwuwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu.

Girma Myrtle daga Tsaba

Yana wucewa. An shuka iri a cikin ƙwayar potassium ta dindindin a cikin ƙasa mai laima, an rufe shi da fim kuma an yi tsiro a + 20 ° C. Seedlings zai bayyana ba da daɗewa ba. Lokacin da ganye guda biyu suka bayyana, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane daban. Bayan shekaru 2.5, zai iya yin fure.

Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, ba a kiyaye abubuwa da yawa na ƙwayar mahaifiyar.

Myrtle yaduwa ta hanyar yanke

Yana faruwa da sauri fiye da yaduwar iri. Yanke, wanda tsawonsa yakai mm 80, an yanke shi daga manyan harbe a kai, ana bi da su tare da motsawar tushen, cire ƙananan ganye. Dasa a cikin ƙasa mai laushi a ƙarƙashin fim. Bayan makonni 2.5, lokacin da aka ɗauki tushe, ana dasa su cikin kwantena daban.

Cutar da kwari

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi kuma tare da kulawa ba tare da kulawa ba, ƙwayar za ta iya shafar cututtuka da kwari, kamar yadda aka sanar da canji game da bayyanar itacen:

jujjuyawar asalinsu - lokacin da ke zurfafa tushen wuyan yayin dasawa (tadda bashi da amfani);
ganye myrtle juya, lean itace ya yi tsawo - rashin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske); ganye suna girma mara nauyi daga hasken rana kai tsaye (tsiro na pritenit);
juya gindi daga tushe - zurfafa daga cikin tushen wuyansa yayin dasawa (ba shi yiwuwa a ceci tsiron);
ganye gefuna an nada - a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye (pritenit);
ganye yakan fadi cikin hunturu - kiyaye dumi a cikin wani wuri mara tsami, sanya ruwa a cikin ƙasa (sake shirya cikin sanyi, wuri mai haske, daidaita ruwa);
ganye fada myrtle - kadan haske, ba a ruwa, busasshiyar iska (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske, fesawa sau da yawa, daidaita ruwa);
ganye juya rawaya myrtle - rashi mai gina jiki (abinci).

Mafi sau da yawa fiye da sauran kwari ana shafar sikelin kwari, mealybugs, gizo-gizo kwari. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari a kansu.

Daban-daban na gidan myrtle tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin al'adun gida, nau'ikan daya ne kawai ke girma - myrtle na talakawa - itace mara nauyi tare da gajerun ganye mai haske da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara. Yin nazarin halaye na shuka, shayarwa na bred iri-iri dangane da shi. Mafi mashahuri daga cikinsu sune:

Karamin (Compacta)

Itace mai ƙanƙan da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai launin fari da kambi mai yawa.

"Tarentina" (Tarentina)

Lowaramar shuka tare da ire-ire iri tare da kyawawan creama fruitsan cream.

"Boetica" (Boetica)

Lowan daji kaɗan, sannu a hankali yana girma tare da ganyen malachite. Tsawon farantin takardar ya kai 70 mm.

Variegata

Itace wacce take da bishiyar ganye mai hade da kwari (launin rawaya ana samunsu akan asalin koren haske).

Alhambra

A daji tare da elongated cikakken kore ganye da kodadde kore 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.

Myrtle "Flo Pleno" (Flore Pleno)

Kyakkyawan daji mai fure tare da fure mai haske mai haske da farin furanni biyu.

Kyakkyawan shuka don ƙaunar flora. Yana da kyau, mai kamshi, yana baka damar "wasa" tare da gashinka, ƙirƙirar sifofi marasa kyau. Aikin marowaci shi ne samar da kulawa mai da hankali ga shuka, sannan kuma hakan zai sa farin cikin dayan fure yake.