Begonia wani shahararren gidan gida ne wanda ke bunkasa masu girma daga kasashe daban-daban. Daga cikin mafi ban mamaki da kuma a lokaci guda irin irin wannan flower, tsire-tsire na da mahimmanci, wanda shine sunansa don launin launi daban-daban na ganye. Muna kiran ku don ƙarin koyo game da wannan baƙo na musamman, yana mai da hankalinku sosai game da irin abubuwan da ya shuka a gida.
Bayanin shuka
Tiger begonia za'a iya samuwa a ƙarƙashin sunayen "Bauer begonia" ko "tiger", amma a kowace harka iri daya ne, tare da sassaukakke (har zuwa 35 cm na tsawo) da kuma launi na zuciya, tare da halayen halayen a gefuna. A matsakaita, tsawon lafafan launi bai wuce mita 6-8 ba, kuma launi ya janye idanu tare da launin kore mai haske da haske, wanda yake tsaye a cikin duhu mai tushe. Yana da gagarumin kayan ado na tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu girma suke yi, tun lokacin hunturu hunturu baya sa wannan begonia ma m. 
Bugu da ƙari, yawancin masu shuka furanni nan da nan cire furanni da suka bayyana don kada su cire juices daga cikin kore. Abin lura ne cewa launin furen ƙirar ke haifar da kai tsaye daga tushen tsarin shuka, wanda wani ɓangare na samuwa a sama da farfajiya. Ba zai yiwu a sadu da tiger begonia a cikin yanayin yanayi ba, tun a shekarar 1970 an samo shi ta hanyar kiwo, saboda godiya da masanin kimiyyar Jamus R. Bauer.
Shin kuna sani? Abinda aka ambaci begonias na farko an danganta shi da sunan dan jaridar Faransa mai suna Charles Plumier, wanda ya shiga cikin binciken kimiyya na 1687 zuwa Antilles. Shi ne wanda ya gano sabon jinsin tsire-tsire a yankunan West Indies, kuma a shekara ta 1690 an kira furen "begonia".
Yanayin da ake bukata a gida
Kowane houseplant yana buƙatar mutum mai dacewa da zaɓin yanayi masu dacewa, musamman idan muna magana ne game da iri-iri masu iri iri wanda aka saba da yanayin yanayin yankin matsakaici. Duk da cewa Bauer ta begonia ba za a iya kiran shi mai wakilci mai matukar damuwa na furen dabba ba, kowa ya kamata ya lura da nuances na noma na gida.
Haskewa
Mafi kyawun maganin saka tukwane da begonias zai zama windows windows na kudu maso yammacin da kudu maso gabashin windows, tun a cikin shirya da hasken wani shuka ya kamata ka ci gaba da kullum da "zinariya nufi". Hasken rana mai haske da haske zai taimakawa wajen cinye takardu, kuma tare da rashin fahimta za su shawo kan dukan kayan ado na begonias. 
A lokacin rani, wani wuri mai kyau don girma wani flower mai ban sha'awa zai kasance rufaffiyar rufaffi ko terrace, wato wani wuri mai sanyi da dan kadan, kariya daga zayyanawa.
Air zazzabi da zafi
Bisa ga yawan asalin yanayi na yawancin begonias, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa duk suna buƙatar matsanancin zafi. Wannan kuma ya shafi nau'in tiger nau'in, wadda ke jin dadi kawai idan waɗannan alamun sun wuce darajar 50-60%. Amma azaman zafin jiki, alamun mafi kyau zai zama dabi'u a cikin + 15 + + 26 ° C, dangane da kakar.
Watering
A lokacin dumi (daga tsakiyar tsakiyar marigayi zuwa marigayi), an shayar da begonia tiger kowace rana 2-3, yana maida hankali akan yanayin ƙasa na ƙasa (ya kamata a yi dan kadan). Don ban ruwa, ruwa mai laushi da ruwa mai tsabta yana da kyau, kuma lokacin da zaɓin hanya don amfani da ruwa, tabbatar da cewa danshi ba ya fada akan ganyen shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rashin murmushin ƙasa yana da haɗari har ma da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, don haka idan wasu 'yan sa'o'i bayan kwalliya a cikin kwanon rufi yana da ruwa, lallai ya kamata a shafe shi.
A cikin hunturu, tiger begonia yana hutawa, sabili da haka yana da kyau don rage yawan ruwa na ban ruwa zuwa 1 lokaci a kowace mako, duk da haka, idan yanayin zazzabi yana cikin + 15 ° C ko dan kadan ƙananan. Begonia ba za a iya yaduwa ba, amma don kara zafi, ana iya sanya tukunya a kan tire tare da pebbles mai yalwa ko rigar mast. A cikin matsanancin hali, zai zama da amfani don sanya akwati mai budewa tare da ruwa kusa da flower. 
Top dressing
Begonia taki taki zai fara ne tare da zuwan bazara kuma yana cikin tsawon lokacin rani, tare da yin aiki ba tare da sau ɗaya ba a wata. A cikin hunturu, ana hawan ƙasa ko dai sau ɗaya kowace wata 2, ko kuma dakatar da ciyar har sai lokacin bazara. Ana iya samun alamun mafi kyau na ci gaban shuka da ci gabanta tare da taimakon magungunan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci don furanni na ciki, duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci don rage sashi da shawarar da mai amfani ta ƙaddara ta sau 2.
Pruning
An yi amfani da begonias don yin amfani da tsabta, ba don manufar sanitary kawai ba, amma har ma don sake shuka wani matashi girma lokacin da ake bukata don sabunta shi. Don sa tushen tsarin daidaitawa da sauri zuwa sababbin yanayi, ana cire fure daga cikin tukunya kuma an yanke asalinsu, ya bar kawai sassansu da ganye. Wani lokaci growers cire wasu ganye faranti.
Koyi yadda za a kula da sarauta begonia a gida.
Tashi
An dasa dashi na tsire-tsire masu tsirrai a kowace shekara, a farkon lokacin bazara, kuma ya isa ya dauki samfurori samfurori zuwa sabon tukunya fiye da sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3. 
Ba tare da dashi ba, kayan ado na shuka zai karu da muhimmanci, saboda haka kada ka watsar da shawarwarin akan yadda zakayi aikin:
- Da farko, shirya sabon tukunya mai dacewa (kayan abu ba kome ba), diamita wanda zai zama 2-3 cm fiye da baya.
- Sanya ɗakunan centimeter na yumbu mai yalwa ko wasu kayan magudanai a ciki, saka jigon kwalba na jujjuyawan bishiya a bisansa kuma cika kwandon tare da rabi girman murfin da aka shirya: ko dai tare da ƙasa mai tsabta don begonias, ko kuma a shirye-shiryen shirya cakuda daidai da rabbin peat, perlite, humus da m sand .
- Cire shuka daga tsohuwar ƙarfin shuka, kuma, bayan yanke tushen, sanya shi a cikin sabon abu, a karshe cika shi da sauran matakan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku cika tukunya gaba daya. Tushen tiger begonia da sauri ya fadi a kan fuskar murfin, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suke ci gaba da barci tare da ƙasa. Mafi kyawun bayani shine 2 cm na sararin samaniya daga ƙasa zuwa gefen tukunya.Bayan an dasa shi, yana da kyau ya kamata ya fitar da begonia a cikin dakin duhu, ya bar shi a can domin akalla rana. A nan gaba, ana iya dawo da tukunya zuwa wurin asali.
Video: yadda za a dashi begonia a cikin wani sabon tukunya
Kiwo
Tsarin jigon begonia zai yiwu ko dai ta hanyar amfani da ganyayyaki (yankan ko rarraba daji), ko kuma ta hanya iri, ko da yake a cikin akwati na baya ya kamata a yi tsammanin sakamakon sakamako na sauri. Ka yi la'akari da waɗannan daga cikin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka a cikin dalla-dalla
Cuttings
A yanayin saukan cututtuka a cikin wannan yanayin, dacewa da matakan matsakaici na matsakaicin matsakaici, cikakkiyar kallon lafiya. Idan aka yanka su, dole ne su kasance da tsami na akalla 5 cm cikin tsayi. Za a iya samo shi cikin ruwa, sa'an nan kuma a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. Yana da sauƙi don shirya ƙasa mai dacewa: domin kashi 1 na ƙasa (sod) ƙasar, kana buƙatar ɗaukar adadin yashi da peat. Zai zama mai kyau don tsaftace kasar gona kafin dasa shuki ganyayyaki.
Karanta yadda za a kula da begonia elatior.
Hanya duk ayyukan da aka yi shine kamar haka:
- Yanke takardar da aka zaɓa tare da wuka mai kaifi da kuma cututtuka a wani kwana na 45 °.
- Saka shi a cikin karamin gilashi ko gilashi, amma kawai saboda petiole bai taɓa kasa (wannan yana haifar da lalata) ba.
- Ka bar ganye don farawa a cikin ɗakin dumi da inuwa har sai tushen tushen ka ya bayyana.
- Bayan 'yan makonni, ana iya shuka shuka a cikin kayan ado.
Ana yin amfani da kwanan gaba na shuka a kowace rana, amma gyaran ƙasa yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da cikakken bushewa. Kashe kayan aiki a ƙasa, zaka iya rage yawan zafin jiki a dakin zuwa + 17 ... +19 ° C. Gyara zai dauki watanni 1-1.5.Raba daji
Rashin rarraba bishiyar begonias - wata hanya mai sauƙi don samun sababbin tsire-tsire daga furen uwa. Yawanci ana yin shi a lokacin sake dawowa, lokacin da aka cire tushen tsarin daga cikin maɓallin. Duk da haka, idan kana buƙatar raba flower har zuwa wannan batu, ba za ka iya samun shi daga tanki ba, amma kawai ka yanke sashin da ake so, zurfafa wuka a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin da ake so. Dole kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su dole ne su kasance masu kaifi, don haka kada su bar barbs a kan sauran ƙwayar mata.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin kasashen Asiya, ana ci 'ya'yan begonia ta hanyar ƙara su zuwa abinci da abin sha. Suna da wata ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi kuma suna kara jin dadi ga wasu kayan aikin kayan lambu.
Sakamakon da aka kwatanta a sama ya dace da rawar ƙasa, kuma a matsayin akwati don samar da tsire-tsire matasa, ana iya amfani da kofuna waɗanda za a iya kwashe su, a ƙasa wanda yake da kyawawa don sanya ƙurar ƙura ko wani kayan aikin magudi. An cire wani ɓangare na shuka a cikin wani wuri a cikin matakan da aka gado, kuma an yayyafa shi da sauran ƙasa, an rufe shi da jakar filastik. 
Don ci gaba da tsire-tsire na rhizomes a kan rabuwa, ya zama da amfani don kwantar da shi a cikin tushen ci gaban stimulator na minti 1-2 kafin a sake dasawa.
Girma daga zuriyar
Wannan hanyar samar da tsire-tsire ba ta da kyau kamar yadda suka gabata, amma har yanzu masu amfani da su suna amfani da su don samar da sabon begonias. Za a iya saya kayan abu a kusan kowane shagon fure, inda ake yawanta shi a cikin nau'i biyu: na yau da kullum (ba tare da ƙarin aiki) da kuma granulated (a cikin nau'i-nau'i).
Muna ba da shawara cewa kayi karin bayani game da noma na tubegon begonia.
Zaɓin na ƙarshe shine sauƙin yin aiki tare da, duk da haka, shirin saukowa a kowane akwati yana ba da damar aiwatar da ayyuka nagari (shuka tsaba ana aikatawa a farkon spring):
- Pre-magani na kayan iri tare da kashi daya bisa dari na potassium permanganate (begonia tsaba suna soaked a cikin bayani na minti 30-45, bayan haka an wanke sosai a karkashin ruwa mai gudu).
- Shuka tsaba a cikin allunan da aka shafa da aka sanya a kan pallet (bayan dasa shuki tsaka dole ne a rufe shi da gilashi ko filastik fim).
Da zarar an kafa ganye guda biyu a kan matasan ƙwayoyin, za'a iya yin amfani da su ta hanyar dasa shuki ɗayan su a cikin kwantena masu rarraba tare da ƙasa mai dacewa (amfanin gona da ake amfani dashi don tsire-tsire masu girma girma zaiyi). Bayan watanni 2 bayan ƙaddamar da baya, za a iya kwantar da ƙirar yarinya a karo na biyu, amma a yanzu a cikin tukunya masu tayarwa.Difficulties a girma
Bayan an shirya dukkan ayyukanka don kula da tsire-tsire na cikin gida, babu matsaloli tare da begonias, amma cin zarafin tsarin mulki mai dacewa ko yanayi don kiyaye furanni zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da kwari. Ka yi la'akari da manyan matsaloli da kuma yadda za a kawar da su.
Cututtuka
A cikin wuraren da ake kira begonia yana kan wuraren da aka yi da busa, sabili da haka wurin zama na tiger iri-iri a kan taga sill na iya haifar da juyawar rhizome ko ci gaban microflora pathogenic a kan sashi. Zaka iya ƙayyade kasancewar matsala ta hanyar bayyanar da takarda mai launin toka a kan rhizome na shuka, kuma don daidaita yanayin furen, yana da muhimmanci don rage watering na dan lokaci.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da ƙwayar cuta na kwayar cuta, ceton begonia ba zai iya yiwuwa ba, kuma hanya ɗaya shine hanya ta jefa furen.
Idan akwai wani launi mai girma, dole ne a bi da shi tare da daya daga cikin shirye-shirye masu fasikanci na musamman: misali, 0.1% bayani na Fundazol zai taimaka wajen yakin da zazzage mai launi, madarar launin toka zai iya amfani da kwakwalwar kashi ɗaya cikin dari, kuma don hana sutura ko ƙwayar cuta, za ku iya yin maganin maganin prophylactic oxychloride. 
Jarabawa
Daga cikin kwari da ƙwayoyin kwari, yawan hankali ga tarin begonia ya bambanta da rubutun tsohuwar ƙwayoyi, mealybugs, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids da felts, wanda ke ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire. Yanayi mai kyau don bunkasa su da kuma haifuwa za su bushe cikin cikin cikin gida, rushewa na ban ruwa, da kuma rashin lokutan karewa bayan sayan sababbin shuke-shuken.
Za ku so ku sani game da kwari da cututtuka na begonias.
Wasu shahararrun girke-girke (alal misali, sabin maganin sabulu) na iya zama tasiri a kula da kwaro, amma mafi sau da yawa dole ne yayi amfani da shirye-shiryen kwari na musamman: misali, Actellic, Aktara ko Decis. Hanyar aikace-aikacen da samfurin da ake bukata na abun da ke ciki yana nuna a kan kunshin.
Alamun da zane-zane game da furen
Yawancin addinai da akidu da yawa suna hade da begonia (ba lallai ba ne), wanda ba dukkan masu shuka ba su kula da su ba. 
Mafi shahararren sun hada da haka:
- Begonia babban tsami ne ga mutanen da suke so su kawo ƙarshen abin da suka gabata kuma su fara sabon rayuwa. Tsarin zai taimaka wajen kawar da sha'awar komawa kuma cire hotuna marasa buƙata daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
- Fure mai amfani zai kasance ga marasa lafiya, musamman idan yana kusa da gado.
- Begonia zai taimaka wa mutanen da ba za su iya saduwa da matar auren su ba, kuma ma'aurata za su zama babban taimako a yanayin rikice-rikicen, domin yana taimaka wajen kara fahimtar juna.
Ƙara koyo game da bambancin begonias.
Yi imani da shi duka ko a'a - yanke shawara na mutum kowane gwanin, amma in ba haka ba tiger begonia zai zama kyakkyawan maganin inganta yanayin cikin ɗakin, musamman ma idan ana amfani da ku don yin aiki da houseplants kuma kula da su bazai dame ku ba.
