Holland dan karami ne, saboda haka a tsawon shekarun da suka kasance suna kirkiro hanyoyin don samun yawan amfanin ƙasa daga ƙananan yankuna. A fasaha na ci gaba da namo na strawberries sami dukiya a duniya.
Don tattara sabon strawberries duk shekara zagaye ne cherished mafarki na kowane lover na dadi berries. Kuma ga aikin lambu mai aiki - wannan kuma babbar hanya ce ta samar da kudi.
Daya daga mafi inganci hanyoyi don ci gaba da girma wannan Berry ne hanya dutse. Kodayake a cikin aiki shi ne tsari mai wuya, yana biya tare da riba mai amfani.
Dalilin fasaha
Na halitta, domin samun berries a cikin hunturu, suna girma cikin gida. Idan kana bukatar dan kadan strawberry, kawai don wadatar da tebur tare da bitamin, to, za ka iya yi tare da 'yan bushes. Shuka su a cikin tukwane a kan windowsill ko a rufaffiyar baranda. Don sayarwa, lokacin da kake buƙatar babban adadin berries, ana bred strawberries a cikin greenhouse.
Don sa seedlings suyi furanni kuma suna bada 'ya'ya, ana aika su zuwa "hibernation" kafin wani lokaci kafin dasa: ana sanya su a firiji, ginshiki ko wani wuri mai sanyi. Yanayin zafin jiki ba ya fada a kasa -2 digiri. A nan za a iya girke bishiyoyi har zuwa watanni 9. Idan ya cancanta, ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire.
Strawberries a greenhouses girma a kananan kwantena: tukwane (kimanin 70 cm a tsawo kuma 18-20 cm a diamita), kwantena ko jaka filastik. Jaka suna da kyau tare da manoma, domin su ne mafi kyawun abu kuma suna ajiyar sararin samaniya domin ana iya sanya su a tsaye.
A wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire suna zaune a junansu a cikin hanya mai ban tsoro. Duk da haka idan Ana sanya bishiyoyi a tsaye, wajibi ne ganuwar gine-gine dole ne ya kasance m don ya samar da bishiyoyi tare da hasken halitta kamar yadda ya yiwu.
A waje, sannu a hankali ƙi jikunan filastik, yana nuna gaskiyar cewa Tushen shuka zai iya rusawakuma daji ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba. Kwanan nan, akwai ƙara girma strawberries a cikin tukwane. Wannan akwati bayan wankewa da disinfection za a iya sake amfani dashi sau da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, a wannan yanayin, yana da sauki don tsara watering, da ruwa daga pallets don sake amfani da su.
Bidiyo mai kyau game da ƙwarewar girma ta hanyar Yaren mutanen Holland, kuma ga yadda ake shirya greenhouse bisa ga wannan fasaha a gonar:
Bambancin zaɓi
Don girma strawberries a cikin wani greenhouse ko wasu gabatarwa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da iri-pollinating iri. In ba haka ba Tsarin zabe zai kasance da kanka ta amfani da ƙananan goga. Akwai wani zaɓi: sanya hive tare da ƙudan zuma a cikin greenhouse.
Amfani da wannan zabi ita ce irin wannan seedlings ripen da wuri kuma baya dogara sosai akan tsawon hasken rana. Mafi yawan abincin sune Brighton, Elizabeth II, Corona, Moscow delicacy, Sarauniya Elizabeth, Red Rich, Selva, Honey.
Seedling
Tun da namo na strawberries bisa ga hanyar Dutch yana buƙatar sabuntawa akai kayan dasawa, tambaya ta taso inda za a samu ta cikin irin wannan. Hakika, seedlings za a iya sayi a wasu agrofirms. Duk da haka, zai kasance mai rahusa don tsara shi da kanka.
Za ku iya girma seedlings a kasar. Saboda wannan, an ware ragamar wuri, wanda ake amfani da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. A cikin bazara, an dasa bishiyoyi na strawberry, zai fi dacewa a kan ridges game da mita m.
Muhimmanci! Na farko shekara daga uwar shuka shi wajibi ne don cire mustaches da flower stalks!
A shekara mai zuwa, kowanne daji yana ba da kimanin nau'i-nau'in 20 da kananan rosettes, wanda nan da nan ya samo asali. A watan Oktoba, kuna buƙatar tono sama da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma a tsabtace su daga ƙarancin ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a rabu da su cikin tara guda uku:
- category A: diamita har zuwa 15 mm, akwai biyu peduncles;
- fitarwa A +: diamita game da 20 mm, har zuwa 4 peduncles;
- sa A + karin: diamita a kan 20 mm, fiye da 4 peduncles.
Kashe yana taimakawa ƙayyade amfanin gona na gaba na strawberries. A mafi ƙasƙanci ajin bada kusa 150 grams. daga wani daji, ƙananan - 200 gr., kuma mafi girma - kimanin 400 gr.
Ground
Abubuwan da aka yi wa seedlings suna cike da substrate. Zai iya zama perlite, ulu mai ma'adinai ko fiber kwakwa. Mafi amfani da ƙasa mai lalacewa da aka yi amfani da shi ko kuma peat gauraye da yashi da perlite, wanda ke inganta samun iska na ƙasa.
Ƙasa daga gonar a bayyane ba za a iya ɗauka ba! Hakazalika, haramtacciyar kwalliya ta haramta! Dukkan wannan an yi don kauce wa yaduwar cutar da bayyanar kwari da weeds. Har ila yau a kai a kai ya kamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire Ma'adinai da ma'adinai.
Yanayi mafi kyau
Don girma strawberries bisa ga fasaha na Dutch a cikin wani greenhouse duk shekara zagaye, ana buƙatar wasu yanayi. Saboda strawberries ripen da kyau kawai tare da isasshen zafi da haske, yana da kyawawa don shiryawa a cikin greenhouse yanayin dace. Ƙwararren zazzabi da aka ƙaddara shine nauyin digiri 18-25. Kafin tying da buds, zafin jiki ya zama ƙasa da digiri 21, sa'an nan kuma an tashe ta zuwa matsakaicin digiri 28. Zaka iya kula da zazzabi ta atomatik ko kuma ta hanyar dakatar da dakin.
Ya kamata yanayin zafi ya kasance a matakin 70-80%. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fura-fitila, duk da haka, a lokacin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ya kamata kulasabõda haka, ruwa ba ya samun a kan furanni. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don fesa kawai cikin iska.
Ƙarshen haske na rana don strawberries shine 8 hours. Duk da haka, yana da kyau a ƙara shi zuwa 15-16 hours. A wannan yanayin, ana iya tattara 'ya'yan itace a cikin wata, wanda shine makonni biyu sauri fiye da zaɓi na farko. Don wannan sai dai haske na halitta Tsire-tsire ya kamata nuna alama a artificially.
Ana shayar da su a kowace rana, yayin da suke tabbatar da cewa ruwa ba ya fada akan ganye ko furanni. Zai fi dacewa don tsara tsarin rudun ruwa don wannan dalili.
Har ila yau, wajibi ne kula da acidity. Dole ne ya zama tsaka tsaki a koyaushe.
Tabbas, don yardar wa ɗayanku da dadi mai ban sha'awa ga Sabuwar Shekara, kuna buƙatar saka aiki mai yawa. Amma idan kun bi hanya kuma ku cika dukkan bukatunku, baza ku iya sarrafa tsarinku ba tare da yin amfani da Berry a cikin lokacin daskarewa, amma ku ma ku sa kuɗi mai kyau, domin strawberry a cikin hunturu ne mwanda yake tsada.
