Pomegranate wani tsiro ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke ba kawai babban adadin abubuwa masu amfani, amma kuma kyakkyawan bayyanar. Bugu da kari, wannan al'ada ta dace da girma duka a filin bude ido da gida. Don gudanar da saukowa yadda yakamata, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar kanka ba kawai tare da umarnin aikinsa ba, har ma tare da bayani game da zaɓi da kuma shirya kayan dasa.
Shuka Tsarin Pomegranate
Wannan hanyar dasa pomegranate ya dace muku idan kuna son shuka pomegranate a matsayin lambun fure.
Pomegranate iri shiri don shuka
Tsarin ƙwayoyin iri da suka manyanta sun dace da shuka.
'Ya'yan itacen da kuka ɗera tsaba su zama ja mai haske a launi, cikakke kuma mai lahani (browning, rot, da sauransu). Don shuka, zaka iya amfani da tsaba kawai. Suna da wuyar taɓawa kuma suna da launi mai laushi. Shuke-shuke da taushi ba za su yi aiki ba domin ba su cikakke kuma ba za su yi girma ba.
Bayan kun sami tsaba, a hankali cire dukkan naman daga gare su sannan ku wanke su a ruwa mai tsabta, sannan a bushe su a kan adiko na goge baki ko tawul. Tsaba dole ne su zama bushe gabaɗaya, in ba haka ba zasu iya rot.
Pomegranate tsaba suna da haɓaka mai tsayi, amma ba haɓaka mai saurin shuka, don haka ba zai zama superfluous zuwa jiƙa su ba kafin dasa shuki a cikin maganin Zircon, Epin ko Humate na sa'o'i 24, bayan sun shirya shi bisa ga umarnin.
Pomegranate yana ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu ƙamus da yawa sabili da haka ci gabanta na iya da alama kyawawan isa ga fara furannin furanni. Amma ina so in yi muku gargaɗi: idan kuna shirin yin amfani da pomegranate ba kawai don dalilai na ado ba (don wannan ya fi kyau dasa rumman na cikin gida), amma kuma girbi daga gare ta, to, zai fi kyau siyan tsaba a cikin shago na musamman ko amfani da amfanin gona iri-iri ko kuma shuka mai tabbatacciyar shuka yanayin gida. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin kantuna sau da yawa suna sayar da 'ya'yan itatuwa matasan, waɗanda ba su ɗaukar kaddarorin uwar, wanda ke nufin amfanin gona zai zama ba abin da kuke so ba.
Shuka tsaba rumman
Ana iya shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena guda ɗaya
Don shuka, iyawa ɗaya gama gari ya dace. Yi ramuka na magudana a ƙasan kuma a zuba 2-3 cm na kayan magudanar ruwa (yumɓu da aka faɗa, da tsakuwa mai laushi). Sa'an nan kuma cika tanki da ƙasa mai dacewa (abun da ke ciki: peat (1 part) + humus (1 sashi) + ƙasa ƙasa (1 sashi) + yashi (ɓangaren 0.5) + peat (ɓangaren 0.5). Idan ba za ku iya shirya irin wannan ƙasa ba, to, zaku iya amfani da abin da aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa Citrus. Karka manta da pre-gurɓatad da ƙasa ta hanyar zubo shi da ruwan zãfi ko sanyaya da dumama a cikin tanda tsawon mintina 30 a zazzabi na 70game daS-90game daC. Tsarin kauri na ƙasa bai kamata ya wuce 5 cm ba.
- Danshi ƙasa kuma ya sanya ramuka a ciki 1-2 cm zurfi a nesa na 5-7 cm daga juna. Idan kun yi amfani da kwantena daban, to, ku sa rami a tsakiya.
- A cikin kowace rijiyar, sa iri 1 kuma yayyafa mai sauƙi tare da ƙasa ba tare da haɗa shi ba.
- Rufe filayen tare da fim ko jakar filastik da wuri a cikin wurin mai dumi, mai haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
A matsayinka na mulkin, pomegranate seedlings suna bayyana kwanaki 10-15 bayan shuka. Lokacin da yawancin tsaba suka yi girma, zaka iya cire fim ɗin. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, amfanin gona za su buƙaci samar da iska ta yau da kullun (minti 10 sau 2 a rana) da kuma sanyaya ƙasa a cikin lokacin da ya dace.
Nisantar abubuwan da suka faru da shuka iri mai rumman a cikin ƙasa - bidiyo
Pomegranate shoot tara
Don haɓaka haɓakar tsarin tushen kuma samar da shuka da isasshen sarari don girma, ya zama dole don ɗauka da dasawa
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa pomegranate shine daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu, lokacin da buds suka fara kumbura cikin bishiyoyi.
Tun da haɓaka tsarin tushen su yana faruwa tare da haɓakar harbe-zanen rumman, zaku buƙaci tara su lokacin da tsiron da ke fitowa ya haifar ganye 2-3. Shirya tukwanen yumɓu na ƙananan (0.5 - 0.6 L) girma: pomegranate wata shuka ce wacce tushen tsarinta yana kusa da saman, don haka ba a son shuka shi a cikin kwantena mai zurfi. Hakanan, tukwanen da kuka zaɓa dole ne su sami rami na magudana.
- Zuba 2-3 cm na kayan magudanar ruwa (yumɓu mai laushi, tsakuwa mai laushi) zuwa ƙarshen tukunyar.
- Cika tukunya da ƙasa (zaka iya amfani da cakuda don 'ya'yan itacen Citrus, amma yana da kyau a sake shirya madaidaiciyar takaddama ta sake: turf ƙasar (4 sassan) + humus ganye (2 sassan) + peat (1 sashi) + yashi (1 sashi) da moisten.
- A tsakiyar, yi rami mai zurfi 5-6 cm.
- 2 hours kafin dasawa, da ruwa da sprouts da kyau. Idan lokaci ya kure, cire su a hankali. Don saukaka mafi girma, zaka iya amfani da tablespoon. Yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye ƙasar a kan tushen sa.
- Idan tushen ya yi tsawo sosai kuma ya fito daga dunƙulewar ƙasa, to, zaku iya yanke shi 1/3. Wannan zai ba da shuka ƙasa mai shimfiɗa.
- Sanya dan itacen a hankali a cikin ramin kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa.
- M kuma shayar da ƙasa, sannan saita tukunya a wani wuri mai haske.
A nan gaba, kuna buƙatar dasa ɗan rumman shekaru 3 a jere, sannu a hankali ƙara ƙarar tukunya zuwa lita 4, sannan - kamar yadda ya cancanta (idan shuka ba ta da isasshen sarari don sabunta ƙasa, da dai sauransu). Shirya tukunya bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya, kuma yana da kyau a watsa shi ta hanyar jingina. Don yin wannan, kada a shayar da shuka na kwanaki da yawa, kuma lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, juya tukunya kuma cire rumman tare da dunƙule na duniya. Sa'an nan kuma sanya dunƙule a tsakiyar tukunya, cika sarari kyauta kusa da ganuwar tare da ƙasa kuma zuba.
Zai fi kyau dasawa da ɗan ƙaramin ƙwayar seedling ta hanyar natsuwa don rage lalata Tushen
Dasa bishiyar rumman itace
Wannan hanyar dasa ita ce ta fi dacewa a gare ku idan kuna son yin girma a cikin rumfa, amma a aikace an yi amfani da ita don sa wannan tsiron a gida, dukda cewa da wuya.
Dokoki don girbi da dasa shuki mai pomegranate - tebur
Don samun kyakkyawan seedling, dole ne a bi ka'idodi don girbi, adanawa da shuka tsiro
| Siffofi na shirye-shiryen da cut | Don namo waje | Don namo gida |
| Shekarun 'yan itace | -Aya daga cikin shekara-shekara ko shekaru biyu-shekaru cuttings ɗauke ta daga lafiya a kaikaice rassan a gefen kudu na kambi. | Ka'idojin iri daya ne. |
| Yankan lokacin yankan | Late kaka, lokacin da rumman gaba ɗaya ta zubar da ganye. | Farkon shi ne tsakiyar watan Maris, lokacin da itacen bai 'tashi' ba. |
| Bayanin yan itace | Yanke yakamata ya zama 20-25 cm tsayi, 7-8 mm lokacin farin ciki kuma yana da kodan 4-5. | Kuna iya ɗaukar guda, zaku iya gajere 2 m. |
| Dokoki na yankan sare | Ana buƙatar yanke yankan daga tsakiyar ɓangaren reshe, yayin da ƙaramin ɓataccen oblique ya buƙaci a yi, yana juyawa 2 cm daga koda, babba na sama da koda. Bayan kun yanke harbe, tsabtace su daga ganye da rassan gefen. | Dokokin iri daya ne. |
| Shirye-shirye da adanawa | Kafin ka aika da cuttings domin ajiya, shafa su da zane a cikin wani rauni bayani na jan karfe sulfate (0.5 tbsp na foda tsarma a cikin 1 lita na dumi ruwa), sannan kuma ya bushe da kyau. Bayan an gama bushe-bushe, kunsa ƙarshen ƙusoshinsu tare da zane mai laushi, saka jakar filastik kuma saka a cikin firiji a saman shiryayye. Bincika kayan kwalliya kusan sau ɗaya a wata, sanyaya rigar a ciki da cire co-condensate kamar yadda ake buƙata. | Ba a buƙata, kamar yadda cuttings nan da nan dasa a cikin ƙasa. |
| Rooting | Yana cikin ƙarshen Maris - Afrilu da farko. Sanya sandunan tare da kasan da aka yanka a cikin kwandon filastik mai duhu (ana iya sanya shi daga kwalban), yana cika shi da ruwan dumi. Sanya kwantena a cikin wurin da aka rufe, ɗumi mai ɗumi. Yana da kyau kar a canza ruwan yadda yake nutsar, amma don zuwa sama. | Ana aiwatar da shi nan da nan bayan an karɓi kayan. Sanya sandunan tare da kasan da aka yanka a cikin kwandon filastik mai duhu (za'a iya sanya daga kwalban), cike shi da ruwan dumi. Sanya kwantena a cikin mai haske, mai dumi. Yana da kyau kar a canza ruwan yadda yake nutsar, amma don zuwa sama. |
| Dasa a cikin tukunya | Ba a aiwatar da shi ba, yanzun nan dasa bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa don ginawa da ƙarfafa tushen saiti. | Shiri daga tukunya (0.5-0.7 l) da dasa dabbobin ana aiwatar dasu kamar yadda lokacin da ake yin ruwa. |
Pomegranate al'ada ce mai ƙauna da zafi, sabili da haka yana da kyau a shuka shi a cikin ƙasa buɗe musamman a cikin yankunan kudancin Rasha da Ukraine. Idan kana zaune a yankuna masu sanyin sanyi, sannan kayi ƙoƙarin zaɓi iri-iri mai tsaurin sanyi don dasa shuki.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, sun fara dasa bishiyar rumman ba ta da farkon tsakiyar Mayu don guje wa barazanar daskarewa, kuma idan har kasar ta sami zafi zuwa +12 a zurfin 10-15 cmgame daC.
Yawancin lambu sun fi son yin shuka nan da nan ba tare da yin shuka a cikin ƙasa ba, maimakon yin ƙyamar da tushen su. A bangarena, Ina bayar da shawarar yin rooting, musamman ga mutanen da suka fara cin karo da rumman ko wani al'adun ta gutsuttsura kuma sabili da haka zai iya yin kuskure yayin shirye-shiryensu ko ajiyar su. Idan alkama ba ta da tushe, za a ga cewa bai dace da ƙarin narkar da ci gaba ba, kuma ba lallai ne ku ɗauki matsayinsu a cikin tukunya ko kan yanar gizo ba kuma ku ɓata lokaci da ƙoƙari kan kula da shi.
"Itatuwan lokaci" dasa shuki
Don tsira, ana ba da shawarar yanka don sanyawa a cikin yanki mai ruwa tare da haske, ƙasa mai kyau-drained ƙasa (loamy ko yashi loamy).
Idan kana son dasa tushen rumman na itace, to, sai a sanya tushen a cikin ramin, ba tare da an rufe harbin da duniya ba.
A kan tushen ɓawon rumman, a kan matsakaita, yana ɗaukar har zuwa watanni 2
- Tona ramuka na wannan zurfin cewa, lokacin da dasa shuki da cuttings, 1 koda ya rage a farfajiya, a nesa na 15 - 20 cm daga juna.
- Sanya sanduna a cikin kowace rijiya, karkatar da ita zuwa gefen kudu wanda ya sa karyayyen ciyawar ya sami ƙarin haske.
- Cika rami tare da ƙasa kuma zubo tudu zuwa saman koda.
- Ruwa saukowa, ta amfani da bututun ruwa - "shawa" gnawingly.
Don yanke da kafe sosai kuma an shuka shi, kuna buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun (lokaci 1 a mako ɗaya), kwance ƙasa da takin. Ka’idojin sune kamar haka:
- Makon farko bayan dasa - yayyafa 2 -2.5 g na superphosphate a farfajiya na rami rami.
- Mako na uku bayan dasa shuki - zuba peren tare da bayani na takin mai magani (urea (2 g) + superphosphate (2 g) + potassium chloride (2.5 g) + 10 l na ruwa).
- A mako na biyar bayan dasa shuki - zuba peren tare da bayani na takin mai magani (urea (3.5 g) + superphosphate (2 g) + potassium chloride (3.5 g) + 10 l na ruwa).
- A mako na takwas bayan dasa shuki - zuba peren tare da bayani na takin mai magani (urea (17 g) + superphosphate (12 g) + potassium chloride (20 g) + 10 l na ruwa).
Rooting yakan ɗauki watanni 1.5 zuwa 2. Bayan wannan lokacin, tono sama da seedlings kuma a hankali bincika su. Shoan buɗe ido da suka dace don kara dasa yakamata suna da tsarin ci gaba, aƙalla matakai 4 a kai kuma su kai girman 50 cm.
Dasa shuki a cikin mazaunin dindindin
A ƙarshen bazara, bayan seedlings sun yi tushe (idan kun dasa shuki sprouts) kuma suka yi ƙarfi, dole ne a tura su zuwa wurin dindindin wanda ya dace da halaye iri ɗaya kamar wurin don jigon na wucin gadi. A cikin taron da kuka sayi sabon seedling, to, yana da kyau ku dasa shi a farkon zuwa tsakiyar Mayu.
Don samar da gurnati tare da mafi kyawun yanayi don haɓaka, kuna buƙatar shirya ramin sauka daidai
- A tono rami mai zurfi na 60-80 cm da cm cm 60. ninka saman farjin ƙasa (15-20 cm) a gefen ramin, saita ƙasa a gefe. Idan kuna son dasa tsire-tsire da yawa, to sai ku sanya ramuka a nesa na 1.7-2.2 m daga juna.
- A tsakiyar ramin, shigar da tsini 1.2-1.5 m na garter.
- A kasan, zuba wani Layer (7-10 cm) na kayan magudanar ruwa (tubalin da aka fashe, tsakuwa, yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa).
- Zuba ƙasa a jikin magudanar ruwa (abun da ke ciki: cire ƙasa mai laushi na ƙasa + humus ko takin da aka juya (sassan 2) + yashi (ɓangaren 1) Hakanan zaka iya ƙara kilogiram 5-6 na taki). Dole saman saman zamewar ya kasance a gefen ramin.
- A hankali sanya seedling a saman maɓallin kuma cika rami tare da ragowar ƙasar da aka shirya. A lokaci guda, yi ƙoƙarin kada ku zurfafa tushen wuyan (wurin da akwati yake zuwa tushen). Ieulla ɗan itacen seeding a fegi "takwas".
- Yi rami a kusa da seedling tare da diamita na 20 cm, forming wani 10 cm high earthen bango a gefuna, da ruwa shi.
Dasa bishiyar rumman tumatir - bidiyo
Kamar yadda kake gani, dasa shuki mai pomegranate ba ya bambanta da kowace wahala, kodayake yana buƙatar shiri mai tsayi da tsayi. Amma sakamakon zai tabbatar da duk ƙoƙarin, kuma, bin duk shawarwarin, zaku sami itacen lafiya wanda zaiyi ado gidan ku ko kuma ya dace da shi a cikin lambun ku.
