Gomfrena shine tsire-tsire na dicotyledonous fure na dangin Amaranth. Akwai nau'ikan shekara-shekara da na zamani. Yana zaune a cikin latitude na wurare masu zafi. Mafi yawa a Kudancin Amurka.
Gomf na Spherical gomfren yana girma a duniya kamar fure mai fure na ado. Ana samun wasu nau'in a cikin kiwo na cikin gida. A gabashin Asiya, ana cinye shi. A cikin yankuna da dama ana amfani dasu don dalilai na magani.
Amfanin shuka shine cewa bashi da wata fassara, yana da fure mai tsawo - kafin farkon sanyi, furanni ba su rasa kyawawan halaye, koda kuwa a bushe.
Duk da haka, a cikin namo, musamman ma a farkon matakin, daga germination zuwa dasa a cikin ƙasa shi ne quite m.
Bayanin Gomphrena Flower
The mai tushe ne madaidaiciya, ganye ne oblong, nuna, tare da m gefuna, located gaban juna.
Blooms profusely, buds na purple, fari, rawaya da ruwan hoda. Suna kama da furanni Clover. Girman 3-4 cm a diamita.
Iri da nau'in homfren
An san nau'ikan tsire-tsire 100. Kowannensu yana da kyau a hanyarsa.
| Dubawa | Bayani / Darajoji |
| Mai karafa | Mafi yawan nau'ikan. Ganyen suna da gashi, wanda hakan ke sanya su bayyana kamar silvery. Ball-dimbin yawa inflorescences ya ba da suna ga jinsin. Yana da nau'ikan launuka daban-daban. Tare, suna da fa'ida a cikin gadajen fure kuma suna ba da dama ga mai zanen-furanni. Tall - har zuwa cm 35. Akwai nau'in dwarf - har zuwa 15 cm. Mafi shahararrun iri:
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| Baza | Inflorescences kama cloves. Tsire-tsire suna fadowa, suna jan ciki. Bayyanar bayyana a cikin faifan nunin faifai da rataye filayen fure - inda kake son ƙirƙirar ɗakin furanni. Grade Pink Pinheads yana riƙe da kyakkyawan launi mai laushi mai laushi, koda lokacin bushe. Amfani da shi a bushebanabana, furanni masu fure. |
| Flowallon dutsen (Haage) | Babban inflorescences. Maƙalli mai launi tare da canji daga carmine ja a tukwici zuwa zinare na ciki. Height 30-40 cm Ganyayi masu tsawo ne, kunkuntar, tare da kayan silvery na gefen baya. Mai matukar kulawa da sanyi. A lokacin sanyi, bazai yi fure ba kwata-kwata. |
| Dwarf (Dwarf) | Ba ya girma sama da cm 10-15. Farar fata, lemo mai ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda. Godiya ga gajeren zango, ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin iyakoki, ana dasa shi a tukwane kan titi. |
| M | Ganyayyaki masu launin kore ne mai zurfi, suna jaddada kyawawan furanni masu haske mai haske. Yana girma zuwa 30 cm a tsayi, yayi girma sosai a cikin fadi, an rufe shi da kafet dukkan sarari da aka sanya masa. Za a iya girma cikin tukwane. |
| Strawberry | Ya yi kama da cikakke strawberries a lokacin furanni saboda rawaya zagaye buds. Ya kai tsawo na cm 50. Yana fure daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba. |
Girma na girma daga tsaba
Florists a Rasha sun fi son nau'ikan shekara-shekara, saboda kawai bai yarda da yanayin yanayi mai zafi ba a cikin hunturu.
Abu ne mai sauki mu dasa sabbin tsirrai kowace shekara maimakon a jira su lokacin hunturu.
Ana shirya tsaba don shuka
Shirya tsaba don shuka ya ɗan bambanta da na al'ada.
- Ana zubar da tsaba tare da isasshen adadin ruwan dumi (kusan gilashin).
- Nace a zazzabi a daki na kwana uku, canza ruwa kowace rana kuma ku gauraya.
- To, ta amfani da sieve, magudana ruwan. Ana wanke tsaba a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudana kuma a cikin akwati na gilashi, an rufe shi da murfi, an sanya shi cikin firiji.
- A can an daidaita su tsawon sati guda.
Lokacin girbi na shuka
Da wuya a girma daga tsaba lokacin da aka dasa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, saboda yana buƙatar zafi da dogon ci gaba. Saboda haka, an girma ta hanyar kiwo seedlings.
Sown a watan Fabrairu, farkon Maris a cikin kwalaye da shirye ƙasa.
Shuka dokokin
Shuka gomfrena shuka yana da yanayi da yawa waɗanda ba su da wahalar cikawa:
- Yi ƙasa daga sassa daidai na ƙasar gona da humus. Zaɓin na biyu yana yiwuwa - daga ƙasa ƙasa da vermiculite a cikin rabo na 1: 1.
- Danshi da abin da yake canzawa ya zama danshi, amma bai tsaya ga hannaye ba.
- Cika akwatunan saukarwa. Zai fi kyau ɗauki cassette.
- Tamp kasar gona.
- A kowane kaset, yi rami tare da sandar katako, allura saƙa ko alkalami.
- A hankali zuba rijiyoyin da ruwa mai tacewa. Zai fi dacewa a yi wannan daga sirinji na likita wanda aka yi amfani da shi ba tare da allura ko douche ba. Bayan dasa, shayar da ƙasa ba lallai.
- Yada tsaba daga firiji, 1-2 da kyau. Ko da tsiro guda biyu a cikin akwati ɗaya ba zai hana ci gaban juna ba.
- Mataki da ɗauka da sauƙi a cikin ƙasa, ta ɗaure tare da tsare ko rufe gilashi.
- Wajibi ne a sanya tray iri a wani wuri mai haske, mai dumin dumi - kai tsaye sama da baturin ko kusan, akan windowsill, wanda ke fuskantar gefen kudu kuma yana dumama rana. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don tsiro + 30 ... +40 °C.
Harbi zai bayyana a cikin kwana uku. Idan zazzabi yana ƙasa da ganiya (amma ba ƙasa da + 20 ... +22 °C), germination zai faru a cikin kusan makonni biyu. - Bayan tsaba sun yi fure, cire murfin, kare dasa daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Idan aka yi amfani da akwati na casa a dunƙule na shuki, ana buƙatar fara rayuwa bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya na 2-3.
- A lokacin girma seedling, yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a cika shi da ruwa. M seedlings daga wuce haddi danshi zai mutu.
Sprouts za a iya ciyar da tare da na kowa abun ciki don seedling girma, misali, "Mai ƙarfi".
Dasa gomfrena a buɗe ƙasa
Gomfren yana son haske, ba ƙasa mai nauyi ba. Don yin wannan, zaku iya ƙara sandar kogin da aka ƙone a ƙasa kafin tono.
Amma ƙasa ba ta da mahimmanci kamar haske.
Haka kuma, kwayoyin halitta da takin mai ma'adinai bai kamata a kara su ba kafin dasawa.
Babban abu shine a zabi wuri mai zafin rana kuma a guji buɗe wuraren iska tare da shimfidar abubuwa.
Wani lokaci don shuka
Gomfrena ana shuka shi ne kawai lokacin da ƙasa ke narkewa tare da dumama, an tsayar da yanayi mai ɗorewa ba tare da canjin yanayin zafin jiki ba. Wannan na iya yiwuwa a watan Mayu, wani lokacin a wasu latattun arewacin - a watan Yuni.
Dokokin saukarwa
Shuke seedlings an dasa shi zuwa cikin ƙasa wanda aka riga aka shirya. Don yin wannan, yi ramuka a nesa na 30 cm don talakawa, 20 cm - don nau'in dwarf.
Kowace shuka yana da kyau kuma an shayar dashi.
Kula da gomfrena a gonar
Gomfrena - yana son zafi da haske. Tana buƙatar fili mai yawa don cikakken ci gaba, girma da fure. Kada gadajen fure yakamata ya kasance yana da tsire-tsire mafi girma wanda zai iya rufa shi ko matse shi.
Yana jure fari da zafin rana. Ba a bukatar ruwa.
Ana bada shawarar yin kayan kwabe don tsire-tsire yayin fure. Yanyan furanni suna da kyau, tsayawa a cikin filaye na dogon lokaci.
Kuma gomfrena a cikin gadaje na fure zai yi fure har da denser kuma mafi ɗaukaka.
Watering da ciyar
Kwanaki 2-3 bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, zaka iya ciyar da takin zamani na ma'adinai. Misali, phosphorus potassium da nitrogen. Haka nan yi amfani da gaurayawan hadaddun abubuwan hade.
Ya kamata a yi miya miya sau biyu, amma kafin fure.
Da yawaitar takin zamani na iya sa shuka ya yi fure kwata-kwata, ko furanni ya zama mai yaɗuwa, da sauran ganyayyaki masu ciyayi da yawa zasu cike sararin samaniya.
Sabili da haka, a lokacin fure, na yau da kullun amma matsakaici zai isa.
Idan ya yi ruwa lokaci-lokaci a lokacin bazara, ba lallai ne ka shayar da mai ba. Za ta buƙaci danshi ne kawai a lokacin ƙarancin fari.
Cin nasara
Idan kuwa, kodayake, da akwai wata buƙata ko babban marmarin dasa shuki na shuru, ɗayan zai yi ƙoƙarin samar mata da yanayin hunturu.
Na farko, hanya mafi aminci: dasawa don hunturu tare da dunƙule ƙasan a cikin tukunyar filawa kuma saka ta a wani wuri mai bushe.
Na biyu: datsa sassan ƙasa, ciyawa tare da bushewar ganye ko bambaro, a rufe tare da sutturar kayan da ba a saka ba, sannan kuma tare da fim. Cire tsari kawai bayan ƙarshen barazanar safe da daddare.
Cututtuka da kwari na homfren
Gabaɗaya, homfren ba su da hankali sosai ga cututtuka. Ana yi mata biyayya ne lokaci-lokaci. Amma ko da a wannan yanayin, ana iya samun ceto lamarin.
| Cutar / kwaro | Kwayar cuta | Matakan magancewa |
| Kafa baki | Blackening na mai tushe, asarar turgor. | Dakatar da shayarwa na dan wani lokaci. Yayyafa kasar gona da itacen ash, sassauta. |
| Aphids | Bayyanar m plaque da kwari akan ganye. | Fesa tare da sabulu ko maganin ash. A lokuta masu wahala, yi amfani da magungunan kashe kwari. |
| Cercosporiasis | Dark spots, nakasawa cikin ganyayyaki. | Bi da tare da fungicides (Fundazole, Agate, Vectra, Thanos). |
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: warkar da kaddarorin homfren
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da furanni masu launin gida don maganin jama'a don magance:
- tarin fuka
- mashako;
- tari.
Za'a iya amfani da furanni a bushe, ko kuma na iya zama sabo - an fitar da shi daga gadon filawa.
Daga cikin kaddarorin amfani na homfrena: karuwar rigakafi, adadi mai yawa na bitamin, tsaftace hanta, cire gubobi daga jiki.
Yana da amfani sosai ga rashin lafiya mai wahala, mutanen da ke cikin rauni wanda aka yiwa tiyata, in dai har ba a sami haƙurin mutum ba.
Daga furanni suna yin ado ko ƙara shayi lokacin shayarwa.
Yawan girke-girke 1 - don tari da mura.
A tablespoon busassun inflorescences a gilashin ruwan zãfi yana ba da cikakken, dan kadan mai dadi broth. Ya kamata a bugu a kananan rabo a ko'ina cikin rana.
Yawan cin abinci 2 - don rigakafi da sautin.
Fure furanni a cikin garin teapot tare da koren shayi ko baƙi don dandana. Sha kamar shayi na yau da kullum sau 2-3 a rana.
