Wakilan halittar Masdevallia suna epiphytic, lithophytic, har ma da tsire-tsire na ƙasa mallakar gidan Orchid.
Yankin da aka rarraba shi ne gandun daji mai santsi na tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Amurka.
Bayanin mashinvallia na orchids
Wadannan tsire-tsire ana nuna su ta hanyar tsarin taqaitaccen tsari na gajere, daga abin da kai tsaye mai tushe ke girma, kowannensu yana riƙe da ganye guda na siffar elongated-oval. Furanni masu haske, amma ƙanana (kusan 5 cm), Kadaitaccen ko a cikin inflorescences, suna da sabon nau'in triangular sabon abu. Sau da yawa kogunan sepals suna ƙare tare da dogayen layuka, bakin ciki. An bambanta launi. Wasu suna da ƙanshi.
Nau'in Masdevallia
Tunda wurin haifuwa na wakilan irin wannan orchids yana da laima, gandun daji mai tsayi, sun saba da sanyin sanyi da danshi mai yalwa.
Guda biyu daga cikinsu, sune mafi yawan zafin jiki, suna girma a yanayin daki (masdevallia Crimson da Veitch). Wasu suna buƙatar sanyin sanyi na gidajen katako. Amma yanzu ana samar da sabbin nau'ikan iri bisa tushen su.
Mafi shahararrun masdevallias:
| Iri daban-daban | Bar | Furanni, lokacin da suke yin fure |
| Mai laifi | Fata, m (7 cm). | Single, duhu ja ko rasberi ruwan hoda. Afrilu - Yuli. |
| Veicha | Obate-ovate 16-18 cm. | Rarrabe, mai haske mai haske, tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan lebe da lebe. Afrilu - Mayu, Satumba - Disamba |
| Wuta ja | Partarshe ƙananan kunkuntar, elliptically lanceolate akan (30 cm). | Peduncles 35 cm. Single (8 cm), Scarlet. Afrilu |
| Kayan ciniki | Karamin haske mai haske (10 cm). | Fari. 2-7 daga cikinsu ana tattara su a cikin inflorescences a cikin nau'i na goga, suna kan shinge na 15 cm. Suna da ƙanshin mai ƙanshi. Lokacin bazara |
| Glandular | Ginin yana da tsawo, yana fadadawa a saman (10 cm). | Peduncles cm 4. Single, nau'in kararrawa, ruwan hoda, tare da wutsiyoyi masu zaki. A ciki, ƙananan gland suna fentin launin duhu. Yana jin ƙishin ƙarfi daga cloves. Afrilu - Mayu. |
Kula da masdevallia: mahimman shawarwari akan tebur
Lokacin da kake kula da masdevallia a gida, kana buƙatar bin wasu ƙa'idodi, in ba haka ba ba wai kawai zai yi fure ba, amma yana iya mutuwa.
| Matsayi | Yanayi |
| Wuri / Haske | Zai fi dacewa yamma ko gabas taga. A kudu - shading daga hasken rana kai tsaye, a arewa - ƙarin haske. Bayar da hasken rana a kalla awanni 10-12. |
| Zazzabi | Ana buƙatar canje-canje na yau da kullun. A lokacin bazara: a lokacin rana - + 15 ... +23 ° C, da dare - + 10 ... +18 ° C (an fitar da su zuwa baranda, zuwa gonar). A cikin hunturu - suna ba da sanyi, ba fiye da + 10 ... +18 ° C. |
| Watse | Yi amfani da tsaftataccen ruwa sama da +40 ° C. Ku narkar da fure na tsawon awanni 0.5, sannan a fitar da shi a bar shi magudana. Kada a bada izinin bushewa daga ƙasa. |
| Haushi | Tare da abun ciki mai sanyi - 50%, zafi - 80-90% (yi amfani da daskararru, ko girma a cikin orchidarium). |
| Manyan miya | Aiwatar da taki zuwa orchids. Juya rabin taro a ruwa da fesa sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 14. |
Dasawa, ƙasa, kwantena don girma masdevallia
Don kiyaye furen, yi amfani da tukwanen filastik na musamman don orchids tare da ramuka a tarnaƙi ko girma a kan toshe (yayin tabbatar da babban zafi da iska mai kyau) Kamar yadda gutsutsuren magudanar ruwa, guda na kumfa, yumɓu mai yumɓu, ana amfani da duwatsu.
An zaɓi ƙasa saboda halayen tushen tsarin, bakin ciki shine, mafi gmentsarƙasassun ƙwayoyin sphagnum, tare da mafi kauri - ƙananan ƙananan haushi.
Ana dasa shuka ne kawai idan aka lalatar da ƙasa ko tukunyar da kanta ta fita. Yi bayan fure.
Kiwo
Za'a iya raba fure mai fure zuwa kashi, babban abu shine kowane tsari ya inganta tushen kuma akalla ganye 5. Sake bugun ta wurin tsaba yana yiwuwa.
Kuskure cikin kula da masdevallia, cututtuka, kwari
A ketare yanayin yanayin tsare, masdevallia na iya mamayewa da kwari (aphids, mealybugs). Bayan samo su, an shuka tsire-tsire tare da maganin kwari (Aktara, Actellik). A cikin ayyukan putrefactive, an cire sassan da ke lalacewa kuma an kula da furen tare da magungunan fungicides (Fitosporin).
| Bayyanuwa | Dalili |
| Ganyayyaki sun fado. | Waterlogging. |
| Girma ya ragu. | Zazzaɓi. |
| Tushen, mai tushe rot. | Ruwa mara kyau ko ban ruwa ba'a daidaita shi ba. |
| Bar canza launi. | Karin haske. |
| Kada a yi fure. | Rashin isashshen oxygen, rashin damuwa a shuka. |
