Eschscholzia karamin tsire-tsire ne na Arewacin Amirka, mallakar dangin Mack. Saboda haka sunansa na biyu shine California poppy. Ta karɓi sanannen suna "tsutsaron" saboda kamannin ganye da itacen tsutsa. A Rasha, fure yana girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, amma saboda iyawar shi don shuka kansa, zai iya farantawa furen sa na tsawon shekaru. Tsarin yana shuka ta hanyar iri. Yawancin lokaci, aiwatar da girma eschscholtia daga tsaba ba shi da wahala musamman, amma yana da daraja a kula da wasu abubuwa.
Babban nau'ikan da iri tare da hotuna
Eschscholzia za ta zama ado mai ban sha'awa na kowane lambu, furen fure ko baranda godiya ga siffar ganye mai ban sha'awa da kyawawan launuka. Yayi kyau tare da sauran tsirrai kuma yawancin lokuta ana amfani dashi don yin bouquets na bikin aure.
Gaba ɗaya, akwai nau'ikan fure 10 na fure a cikin jinsin, amma a Rasha akwai nau'ikan eschscholia uku kawai:
- Soddi.
- Lobba
- Californian.
Eshsholtsiya sod
Itace na shekara-shekara, wanda yake daji mai yawa wanda tsayinsa ya kai kimanin cm 15. Furanni masu matsakaici ne, a diamita sun kai 3 cm, lemun tsami ko rawaya mai haske. Sizearamin girman yana ba ku damar shuka fure biyu a filin bude da kuma cikin gida a cikin tukunya. Flowering yalwatacce kuma yana da tsawo - daga farkon kwanakin Yuni zuwa farkon sanyi.
Eschscholzia Lobba
Itace na shekara-shekara wanda yafi fifita sarari. Matsakaicin tsayi na daji shine 20 cm. Furanni suna da launin rawaya-guda ɗaya a launi tare da siffar murabba'in fure, kuma girman su bai wuce 2.5 cm ba. Eschscholzia Lobba na fure a watan Yuli kuma yana jin daɗin furanninta har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.
Eshsholtsiya California
Perennial shuka, wanda a cikin tsakiyar yankin na kasar da aka girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Dajin har zuwa 45 cm tsayi yana da kara mai madaidaiciya kuma mai girman gaske, wanda a ciki akwai wasu furannin furannin furanni masu kyau irin na itace.
Wannan shine mafi mashahuri nau'in shuka a tsakanin lambu. Tare da taimakon zaɓi, iri daban-daban da kuma hybrids masu amfani da terrylas mai sauƙi da kowane nau'in launuka an bred:
- kirim;
- magenta;
- fari
- ruwan hoda
- ja da sauransu.
Yar rawa
Karamin perenni mai girma wanda ya girma zuwa 25 cm a tsawo. Inflorescences na iya zama biyu terry da kuma rabin biyu tare da wavy petals na daban-daban tabarau.
Itatuwan yana son haske mai yawa da zafi, amma yana tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa -5 ° C. Ba ya yarda da turawa, saboda haka, ya fi son shuka nan da nan zuwa wurin dindindin.
Fure mai fure
An bambanta nau'ikan ta unpretentiousness, babban terry buds na launin ruwan hoda mai zurfi da haɓaka mai girma na har zuwa cm 35. Ya dace da girma a cikin tukwane na fure da gadaje na fure kuma baya dogaro da takin ƙasa. Ji mai girma a cikin bude wuraren da kuma a cikin m inuwa.
Flow yana farawa a cikin watan Mayu kuma zaici har sanyi. An girma duka a cikin hanyar seedling da shuka a cikin hunturu a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
Girman Rasha na zinari
Babban bambanci daga iri-iri babba ne da furanni iri biyu tare da mayikan fure. Shuka tana da tsarin tushensa, saboda haka tana jure wa fari da kyau, ba tare da buƙatar neman ruwa akai-akai ba.
Fure na Eschscholzia a watan Mayu. Plantungiyar girma tayi girma tsaba masu yawa, waɗanda kansu ke tashi a shekara mai zuwa.
Kirkirar iska
Cididdigar wannan nau'ikan cikin launuka masu haske tare da launi biyu - jannuna, ya zama rawaya kusa da cibiyar. Yankin daji yana da karamin girman, yana girma zuwa 25 cm a tsayi.
Openwork azurfa ganye haifar da wani bambanci na musamman da bango na haske inflorescences.
Asiri na narkar da iri da kuma ingantaccen lokaci
Eschholzia yana yaduwa ta iri iri kawai. Ana iya shuka shi duka a cikin fall kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kuma a cikin bazara don samun seedlings.
Kodayake tsutsar itace ba ta da ƙima sosai, duk da haka ya zama dole don yin la'akari da wasu ƙaddarar ƙwayar zuriya:
- Tsaba kafin dasa shuki dole ne daidaita. Wannan hanyar ta ƙunshi ƙirƙirar yanayin sanyi da laima don mafi kyawun zuriya. Don yin wannan, kawai sanya tsaba na shuka a kan ƙananan shiryayye na firiji har wata daya.
- Idan an aiwatar da shuka a cikin fall a cikin ƙasa, to, stratification ba lallai ba ne, saboda wannan zai faru a hanyar da ta dace. Shuka shuka ta bazara a cikin ƙasa bai kamata ta ware wannan maginin ba.
- Saboda yawan wuce haddi na tushen tsarin, daukana, wato dasa shuki a cikin kwantena daban, ya kamata a cire shi gaba daya.
Dangane da kalandar rana, kwanakin daga Maris 10 zuwa Maris 16 sune ranakun da suka dace don shuka tsaba don shuka. Zamani mara kyau daga 5 Maris zuwa 7 ga Maris da 21 ga Maris.
Tebur. Lokacin da ya zama dole shuka eschscholtsia lokacin da ake girma daga tsaba a yankuna daban-daban na Rasha
| Yankin | Shuka tsaba | Saukowa |
| Bangaren kudu | A watan Fabrairun da ya gabata | Tsakanin marairaice |
| Tsakiyar layi | Yakin farko | Ofarshen may |
| Siberiya | Tsakiyar da ƙarshen Maris | A farkon Yuni |
Dokoki don shuka a bude ƙasa
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa na iya zama duka a cikin kaka da kuma bazara. Autumn shuka ne mafi fin so, kamar yadda yanayi domin iri ne kamar yadda kusa da na halitta-wuri.
Fa'idodi na shuka Oktoba:
- Halittar Yanayi.
- M bayyanar da seedlings.
- Farkon fure.
- Sauki mai sauƙi da kulawa da shuka.
Ana yin shuka iri na bazara a cikin watan Afrilu kuma bayan kwanaki 10-15 na farkon ya bayyana. Amma ba kamar kaka ba, wannan hanyar ta jinkirta bayyanar buds tsawon wata guda.
Ko da kuwa hanyar dasa shuki, yana da muhimmanci a tafiyar da tsarin shirya:
- Shirya shafin. Don jin daɗin rayuwa da wadataccen fure na eschscholtia, kuna buƙatar zaɓar yankin rana wanda ba danshi ba ya danshi.
- Preparationasa shiri. Wani muhimmin yanayin shine rashin ƙarfi na ƙasa, har ma da babban ɗumbin danshi da iska. Shouldasa ta kasance da ƙasa mai kyau kuma zai fi dacewa yashi. Kuna iya yin wannan da kanku - a cikin ƙasa wanda furanni zai girma, kuna buƙatar yin yashi a cikin nauyin kilogram 3-5 a m² da peat - 2-3 kilogiram na m². Tona ƙasa sosai zuwa zurfin 20 cm kuma daidaita shi sati guda kafin dasa shuki.
Tsarin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude:
- A cikin busasshiyar ƙasa ko ƙasa mai laushi kana buƙatar yin tsagi zuwa 8 cm zurfi.
- Mix da tsaba tare da yashi don ware fitowar m seedlings, kuma shuka tare da dukan tsawon tsagi.
- Fila da tsagi da rufe tare da bushe ganye, sawdust ko peat.
- Bayan germination, da seedlings dole ne a thinned fitar sabõda haka, wani rata na akalla 20 cm ne kiyaye tsakanin su.
Shuka seedlings
Tare da hanyar seedling kiwo, muhimmin yanayin shine rigakafin rauni ga tsarin tushe yayin dasa bishiyoyin a cikin ƙasa. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin matakin shuka iri. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da allunan peat, kofuna masu ɓoye ko kuma za'a iya jefa shi, don dasa shukar tare tare da ƙasa nan gaba. In ba haka ba, akwai babban yiwuwar mutuwar zuriya.
In ba haka ba, namo escholzia seedlings ba ya bambanta da narkar da sauran tsirrai. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar:
- Don lalata ƙwayar tsaba tare da bayani na potassiumgangan ko ƙwayoyin fungicides, kuma kuyi tare da haɓakar haɓaka don haɓaka tsiro.
- Sanya allunan peat a cikin babban akwati filastik kuma zuba ruwa a ciki.
- Bayan allunan sun sha ruwan duka kuma kumbura, sauran ruwa dole ne a jawo.
- Yin amfani da rigar ashin rigar, sanya ɗaya ko biyu na escholia a cikin kowane kwamfutar peat.
- Yayyafa da millimita Layer na sifted peat.
- Danshi ƙasa daga sama tare da bindiga da aka harba.
- Rufe kwandon tare da fim ɗin manne ko gilashi da wuri a cikin wuri mai dumi, mai haske, wanda aka ɓoye daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Kafin farkon harbe-harben ya bayyana, dole ne a sanya iska a cikin daskararru a lokacin, yana hana kasar ta bushewa. A tsakanin sati biyu, sai 'yan' ya'yan zasu yi shuka. Kuma bayan wani kwanaki 20, zaka iya yin takin zamani mai lalacewa a cikin taro mai rauni don ciyar da .anyen.
Makonni 2-3 kafin dasa shuki a cikin wani fili, hanya mai wuya wajibi ne. Da farko, zaku iya barin seedlings na mintuna da yawa a ƙarƙashin taga. Nan gaba, dole ne a fitar da shi a kan baranda, sannu a hankali yana kara lokacin da ake amfani da shi a cikin sabon iska daga mintuna 30 zuwa awa 4.
Juyawar waje da kulawa
Canjin eschscholzia zuwa sararin samaniya an yi shi ne da isowar yanayin dumi. Ana tsammanin zafin jiki mafi kyau shine 18-22 ° C sama da sifiri.
Shirya ƙasar kafin dasa shuki seedlings babu bambanci da wannan kafin shuka iri a cikin ƙasa. Gaba da shi wajibi ne:
- Yi ramuka mai zurfi zuwa 20 cm zurfi, ajiye matsakaici tsakanin su a 30 cm.
- Notoƙarin kada ku lalata dunƙarar dajin, dasa shuki a cikin ramuka.
- Cika voids tare da ƙasa kuma haɗa ƙasa a kusa da seedling.
- Ruwa da seedlings tare da watering iya.
Don tabbatar da zaman lafiyar kananan tsirrai da haɓaka furanni masu yawa, kuna buƙatar bin wasu shawarwari masu sauƙi don kulawa:
- Watse. Eshsholtzia yana da tsayayya wa danshi. Watering shi wajibi ne kawai a yanayin saukan busassun rani sannan ba sau da yawa fiye da sau biyu a wata.
- Manyan miya. Gabatar da hadadden taki mai arzikin potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen ana yin sa sau biyu - a yayin dasa kwayar seedlings zuwa shafin kuma wata daya bayan hakan. Tare da zuwan farkon farkon, hanyar ba ta cancanci hakan ba.
- Yanawa. Eschscholzia yana cikin matsanancin bukatar kwance ƙasa ta yau da kullun, tun da ƙarancin iska na ƙasa yana kaiwa ga mutuwar shuka.
Girma eschscholtsia daga tsaba aiki ne mai sauƙi kuma mai ban sha'awa, don haka ko da fararen lambu zai iya jimre shi. Musamman matsaloli bazai isar da shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba. Shuka tsire-tsire yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙoƙari, amma bin duk shawarwarin tabbas zai haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.
