Ehmeya - wani fure wanda yake na dangin Bromeliad. Wannan nau'in halittar ya hada da nau'ikan albarkatu iri 180. A cikin vivo, galibi suna girma a cikin Amurka. Yanzu wannan al'ada ta fara girma a gida, saboda tana da kyakkyawan fure da kulawa mara misaltawa.
Yaya kama da wane dangi
Echmea shine epiphyte wanda ke cikin dangin bromeliad kuma shine mafi kusancin kusancin abarba. Al'adar tana dauke da tsararren shuka tare da ganyayyaki masu fata.
Ehmeya - kyakkyawan tsire-tsire na ornamental
Lokacin girma gida, furen ba ya wuce 30-90 cm ba ga tsayi. Ganyenta ya kai cm 20-50. Suna da ƙananan hakora a gefunan. Ganyayyaki suna samar da murfin da'ira, a tsakiyar wacce akwai rosette. Daga sama an lullube su da shinge da tsari.
Mahimmanci! Echmea ana ɗauka cewa epiphyte ne, saboda haka, manufar tushen sa shine a kafa ta a kan gangar jikin wata shuka. Furen yana samun abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar fure.
A takaice game da tarihin bayyanar
Shuka ta bayyana a Kudancin Amurka - musamman, a Meziko. A wannan yankin, yana girma, an daidaita shi akan itatuwa. Furen yana cin ruwa da humus, wanda ya tara a cikin mafita.
Duk da yankin girma, al'adar tana da sunan Girkanci. Ma'anarsa itace "maɓuɓɓugai." Yana da ban sha'awa cewa sunaye na tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa sun zama gwarzo na mashahurin fim - Yariman Ehmey Gem Kasashe.
Siffofin kulawar gida
Don haɓaka kyakkyawan ehmeya, kulawar gida ya zama cikakke.
Zazzabi
Dankin ya fito ne daga gefuna masu ɗumi, saboda haka ana ɗaukar thermophilic. A lokacin rani, yana buƙatar zazzabi na + 20-25 digiri, a cikin hunturu - daga + 17-18 digiri.
Haske
Za'a iya sanya fure na cikin gida a wurare daban-daban na dakin. Kullum yana tasowa akan sill taga sosai kuma yana jure da inuwa mai kyau. Ba a so a saka ehmey a kan taga ta arewa. A wannan yanayin, akwai haɗarin rashin wutar lantarki. Ya kamata a rama shi ta hanyar phytolamps. Rashin haske yana tattare da canji a cikin launi na ganye. Ya zama mafi lean haske da mara nauyi.
Watse
Al'adu yana buƙatar danshi na ƙasa mai dacewa. Daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa farkon kaka, yakamata a shayar da fure tare da aƙalla sau uku a mako tare da ruwa mai zauna. Dole ne a zuba ruwan a cikin ruwan fure. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa.
Fesa
A shuka nasa ne da epiphytes. Wannan yana nufin cewa tushen sa sun fi amfani da sauri. Ganyayyaki suna da alhakin abinci na fure mai fure, don haka fesawa shine babban ruwa ga shuka na echmea. A cikin kaka da hunturu, wannan hanyar ba ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, amma ba a ba da shawarar cire shi gaba ɗaya.
Haushi
Don kula da danshi na al'ada a kusa da fure, yana buƙatar fesawa kowace rana. A lokacin rani, ana bada shawara a saka tukunyar a kan wando tare da ɗakunan leya. Babu karamin mahimmanci shine iska mai tsari na ɗakin inda al'adunsu ke girma.
Mahimmanci! Al'adar ba ta da kyau ga masu zane. Tabbas yakamata a yi la'akari da wannan fasalin lokacin yin iska.
Kasar
Lokacin zabar ƙasa don ehmei, kuna buƙatar ba da fifiko ga haske da ƙasa mai iska, wanda baya riƙe ruwa. Zai fi kyau zuwa gauraya a daidai gwargwado na Turf da ƙasa mai ganye. Hakanan, ya kamata a ƙara rabin yashi da humus a cikin abun da ke ciki. Don sa ƙasa ta zama iska, ya zama dole a gabatar da haushi, sphagnum, gawayi.
Manyan miya
Daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba, rayayy ehmeya yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. An bada shawarar amfani da takin mai magani a kowane ranakun 10-14. Don wannan, samfuran ma'adinai waɗanda aka yi nufi don Bromeliad sun dace. Ya kamata a raba taki mai sanyi zuwa kashi biyu. Isayansu yana gudana a cikin ƙasa, na biyu a cikin mashin wuta.
M fure ko a'a
Yawancin mutane sunyi la'akari da tsire-tsire mai guba saboda ruwan 'ya'yan itace wanda zai iya barin ƙonewa akan fata. Wannan dole ne a la'akari lokacin da ake kula da echmea tagar gida. Juyin halitta da yaduwar al'adun ana yinsu da safofin hannu.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Itace tana da fure mai kyan gani. Don yin fure na daji, kuna buƙatar kulawa da shi yadda ya kamata.
Ta yaya echmea Bloom? A kan babban harafin da yayi kama da kibiya, inflorescences yana fitowa a cikin hanyar kunne ko panicle. Ractarfewar tana da ban sha'awa fiye da furanni kansu. Zai iya samun launin ja ko ruwan hoda mai arziki.
Lokacin tashi
An lura da ruwa a cikin shekara ta 5 na rayuwar shuka. Lokacin da tushen tushen 'yar waje, furanni ya bayyana bayan shekaru 2-3. A vivo, suna iya kasancewa har zuwa watanni shida. A gida za su so da sauri. Kwanya, wanda akan sa 'ya'yan itaccan, ya daɗe.
Kula! Al'adar kankara na furewa kawai 1 lokaci. Bayan fure, yakan mutu.
A shuka halin lush fure
Mai jan tsami
Kulawa da echmea baya buƙatar kayan kwalliya na tsari. Ganyen ganyen yana da alhakin abincinsa. Idan an cire lafiyayyen ganye, amfanin gona na iya mutuwa.
Yadda ake yin kiwo
Tunda kantin ya mutu bayan inflorescences ya bushe, ana tilasta masu shayarwa suyi yaduwar amfanin gona. Wannan tsari ne mai sauki, kamar yadda yaran suka dauki tushe ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Yanke tushe don namo ba zai yi nasara ba. Tana da ɗan ƙaramin ganye wanda bazai yi girma ba. Haka kuma, inji zai mutu nan take. Saboda haka, haifuwa ta nhmei ana aiwatar da su ta matakai. Bayan an gama ciyawar itaciyar uwa, hanyar fita zuwa gida take kuma ta mutu. Tsarin bushewar yana da jinkiri. A wannan lokacin, yara suna da ƙarfi da girma.
Wajibi ne a rarrabe mafitar 'ya mace daga tushen gama-gari a daidai lokacin da ta kai 2/3 na tsararren al'adar mahaifiyar. Don yaduwar fure, kuna buƙatar yin waɗannan:
- Cire shuka daga tukunyar kuma cire ƙasa.
- Yi yanka da ɗan kaɗan kaɗan lalata tushen jariri.
- Yayyafa yankin da abin ya shafa da gawayi ko alli.
- Cika tukunya da girman 10 cm tare da kayan abinci mai gina jiki.
- Shuka jariri ka rufe shi da kwalba ko jaka. Yana da mahimmanci don kwantar da shuka a kowace rana.
- Wajibi ne a kula da danshi a kodayaushe don kare lafiya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Bayan kwanaki 20, yana da daraja bincika tushen ci gaban.
- Idan sun fara haɓaka su, ya kamata a saka tukunya a cikin sabon wuri kuma ya kamata a kula da al'adun sosai.
Lokacin da daji ya girma, zai buƙaci dasa shi. Idan an shuka yara da yawa, ana buƙatar dasa su.
Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa
Ehmey ba'a yada shi ta wannan hanyar. Tushe na al'ada ba ya lanƙwasa kuma baya haifar da tushen sa. Zai fi kyau asali ga shuka da zuriya.
Ehmey ya baza zuriya
Juyawa
Ba a da shawarar al'adu don sauyawa sau da yawa. Tare da taimakon tushen, tana samun mafi karancin abinci mai gina jiki. An ba da shawarar don motsa al'adar zuwa sabon wuri sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3.
Mahimmanci! Ana yin aikin daskarewa lokacin da aka canza wurin yin duri. Don dasa shuki ehmei ya cancanci amfani da tukunya mai fadi da mara zurfi.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Lokacin kiwo amfanin gona, akwai haɗarin matsaloli daban-daban. Mafi yawan lokuta suna faruwa ne saboda keta ka'idoji don kula da shuka.
Me yasa furen baya fure
Dalilin rashin fure:
- karancin hasken wuta;
- low zafi a lokacin da ci gaban aiki na al'adu;
- zazzabi ya kasa da digiri +18 ko sama da +35;
- sakamakon hasken rana kai tsaye;
- mai ƙarfi ƙasa danshi - stagnation na ruwa tsokani kan lalace daga cikin tushen tsarin.
Don kunna tsari na fure, zaku iya ɗaukar irin waɗannan matakan:
- Sanya yankakken apples ko ayaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi. Kamar yadda 'ya'yan itatuwa suka kwashe, canza su zuwa sabo.
- Don samar da al'ada tare da yanayin greenhouse. Don yin wannan, zaku iya rufe shi da gilashin gilashi ko jaka. Yana da mahimmanci cewa zazzabi a cikin ƙasa yana aƙalla digiri +25.
- Da hankali kwantar da shuka da kuma sarrafa danshi ƙasa.
A matsakaici, matakan sake tsinkaye suna ba ku damar samun ciyawar fure don kwanaki 10.
Me yasa ehmei rawaya, bushe da bushe ganye
Mafi sau da yawa, ganyen al'adu ya zama mai launin toka saboda ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Tare da bayyanar tushen rot, ana lura da yellowing da mutuwar ganye. A wannan lokacin, tushen tsarin shuka duhu yayi duhu.
A qetare ka’idojin kulawa, inji ya sha wahala daga cututtukan fungal
Ganewar lokaci yana taimakawa hana mutuwar shuka. Don yin wannan, cire shi daga ƙasa, bincika tsarin tushe kuma datsa guntun sassan da abin ya shafa.
Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a dasa shuki a cikin sabuwar ƙasa kuma a koma wuri mai dumi da dumin haske. Tare da lalacewa mai mahimmanci, zaka iya datsa saman kananan rassan. Wannan zai taimaka wajen kiyaye ikon tsiro.
Mahimmanci! Yana yiwuwa a sanyaya ƙasa kawai a farkon lokacin bayyanar ci gaban al'adu. Dalilin ci gaban cututtukan fungal ana ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa.
Karin kwari
Echmea na iya shafar kwari da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da firam, sikelin kwari, da tsutsotsi. Don magance parasites, ana bi da su da maganin sabulu. Idan hakan bai taimaka ba, dole ne ka nemi amfani da kwari.
Sauran matsaloli
Take hakkin da dokokin domin kula da shuka tsokani asarar da na ado foliage da cin gaban cututtuka:
- Bayyanar bushewa a saman ganye. Wannan yana nuna isasshen zafi.
- Puppyering ganye. Wannan yana nuna kasawa danshi. Idan bayan watering ba su murmure ba, to, akwai matsaloli tare da tushen tsarin.
- Ganyen rawaya da kuma asarar tsarin motley. Irin waɗannan alamun suna nuna rashin walƙiya.
- A shan kashi na ganye da kuma kara rot. A wannan yanayin, tushen shuka ba zai sami ceto ba. Irin waɗannan matsalolin suna da alaƙa da yawan danshi da ƙarancin zafin jiki.
Take hakkin da shawarwari na fure growers tsokani canza canji a cikin launi da ganye
Tsarin iri
Iri na ehmei:
- Echmea ta tsere ko fasciata. Kyakkyawan shuka ne mai kyau, wanda ya kai 60 cm tsayi. Ganyayyaki masu launin Belt, wadanda aka lullube da fuskoki masu haske, halayyar sa ne. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, echmea na Misalin, ko aechmea na Fasciata iri-iri, na iya yin sahur a duk lokacin bazara.
- Sparkling Ehmeya ko ruwan sama mai ruwan sanyi. An kwatanta shi da m girman da haske kore foliage. Blue Rhine Ehmeya ta firgita inflorescences tare da yawancin kananan furanni shuɗi da murhun murjani.
- Guda biyu-launi ehmeya. Wannan shine mafi tsayayya ga tasirin waje iri daban-daban tare da sabon ruwan launi na ganye. A saman su kore ne, da kuma ƙasa - ja-violet. Furanni suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
- Ehmey Weilbach. Wannan inji yana da halin canji na asali a cikin tabarau na fure. A gindi suna da launin shuɗi-kore, ragowar yana da tren koren al'ada. Motset ɗin sun kai tsayin cm 50. An kwatanta su da ƙyalli na tseren tsere. Bracts suna da launin ja, furanni kuma shuɗi ne.
- Echmea yana daɗaɗa ko gemu. Wannan ƙaramar al'ada tana da ɗan ƙaramin fure mai launin kore mai cike da launi. Furen yana halin ja da orange-braids masu launin shuɗi. Furanni suna da kamannin zinariya.
Yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire an san su.
Ehmeya kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne na fure wanda ke girmar da masu furen fure. Domin al'adun don faranta wa furanni dumbin yawa matukar zai yiwu, tana buƙatar samar da ingantaccen kulawa.
