Hellebore (a cikin Helleborus na Latin) shine perennial ciyawa daga dangin Lyutikov. Wannan kyakkyawan shukar fure wata mu'ujiza ce ta zahiri. Domin yana blooms a lokacin da fure bashi yiwuwa ga sauran tsirrai.
Frostweed zai iya farantawa tare da kyawawan buds a watan Nuwamba ko farkon Afrilu.
Bayanin hellebore, hoto
An girma a matsayin ornamental da magani shuka. Akwai nau'ikan 14 a cikin yanayin, bisa ga wasu bayanan - 20. Bambancin lambobi yana faruwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wasu nau'ikan sun fice a matsayin jinsin daban.
Hellebore yana da wasu sunaye da yawa - dusar ƙanƙara, sanyin hunturu, hellebore (sunan Latin, wanda aka rubuta akan kantin magani). Saboda farkon farawar (don hutun Ista), ana kiranta fure na Kristi. Duk iri suna da guba, saboda sun ƙunshi alkaloids na sakamako na zuciya. A cikin allurai masu matsakaici, ana amfani dasu azaman magani.
Helasar hellebore shine Bahar Rum, galibi aka rarraba a Gabashin Turai, ƙasashen Asiya. Mafi yawan lokuta suna girma a cikin yanayi na halitta a cikin tsaunuka, suna son wuraren inuwa. Wannan tsire-tsire na iya tsayayya da kowane mummunan yanayi - kuma yi ja, da sanyi.
Yana da ganye mai kauri, mai yawa wanda baya faɗuwa koda a cikin hunturu. Furanni suna bayyana ne a wasu lokuta da ba a saba gani ba, saboda haka ana daukar hellebore wani perennial ne mara misaltawa wanda yake da sauki yayi girma. Kuma kyakkyawa, mai laushi, kamar an yi shi da marmara, inflorescences sun sami damar yin ado da kowane lambu su tsaya a cikin bouquet na dogon lokaci bayan yankan.
Ganyen tsiro na ganyayyaki suna da ganyayyaki a tsayi. An tattara su a cikin mashigar kanti. Tsarin tsirrai, gwargwadon nau'ikan, yana daga 30 zuwa 100 cm.
Furanni suna bisexual, located on dogon peduncles, tattara a inflorescences na tsemose form. Babbar manyan gilashi biyar (5-8 a diamita, wani lokacin har zuwa 12 cm), waɗanda galibi suna kuskure don petals, fari ne, ruwan hoda, m, launin shuɗi, a wasu launuka masu launin shuɗi. A petals da kansu sun canza kuma kananan nectaries. Bayan ƙarshen zamanin pollination ta hanyar kwari, lokacin da ba lallai ba ne don jawo hankalin su, sepals sun sami launi mai launin kore kuma fara aiwatar da manufar da aka nufa - don haɗa ƙwayoyin abubuwa.
Iri da nau'in hellebore: Caucasian da sauransu
A cikin gidajen lambuna, nau'ikan hellebore da yawa suna girma kamar ornamental, daga wanda aka samo nau'ikan iri daban-daban, suna bambanta launi, sifa da girman furanni, tsayin bushes, launi na ganye.
Mafi yawan nau'ikan jinsin da aka girma a cikin gidajen Aljannar hellebore:
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Bar | Furanni Iri daban-daban |
| Caucasian | Mafi yawan nau'in guba shine sanyi-mai tsauri. | Fata mai wuya 16 cm, aka kasu kashi babba. | Rawaya-kore ko fari tare da launin shuɗi-kore tare da kawunansu mai drooping. Fulawa daga Mayu zuwa Yuli. |
| Baƙi | Fari-mai-kamshi, fari, tare da babban farfaɗo (65 cm) | Wintering, tare da kunkuntar sassan, m, yalwataccen ciyawa | Haske kore tare da gefen launin ruwan kasa.
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| Gabas | Mafi mashahuri jinsin a tsakanin lambu, kan abin da yawa ana nau'ikan iri. | Matsakaici a cikin girman, kore mai duhu, tare da tsarin fleshy mai yawa. Fiye da wasu nau'in zasu iya kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. | Launuka iri-iri daga fari zuwa duhu, ruwan hoda, lilac, mai haske, ceri, shuɗi, shuɗi, alkyabba mai launin shuɗi, da filayen fure a cikin layuka da yawa. Mashahuri:
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| Baki | Ana amfani dashi da yawa azaman magani na shuka. Yana da kyawawan halaye na ado, juriya mai ƙarfi. Sunan da aka karɓa saboda launi na rhizome. | M, duhu kore. | Babban, guda ɗaya, fararen dusar ƙanƙara a ciki, ruwan hoda mai haske a waje. Girman varietal ya kai diamita har zuwa 12 cm.
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| Damuwa | Wani nau'in daban ne, wanda aka samo shi ta hanyar halitta, tare da hada nau'ikan da yawa. Bloom a watan Afrilu. | Duhu mai duhu a launi, mai yawa. |
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Dasa kuma girma hellebore
Shuka hellebore za a iya yi ta rarrabu rhizomes ko tsaba.
Zai fi sauƙi dasa rhizomes, tsire-tsire suna fara yin fure a baya, amma wahalar ita ce tare da wannan hanyar ba su ɗauki tushe sosai.
Girma daga tsaba zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci, fure yana faruwa bayan shekaru 3-4, amma tsirrai suna daidaita da kyau kuma suna fure. Daga cikin tsaba da aka tattara akan rukuninta, zaka iya girma kawai idan jinsunan hellebore (ba matasan). Don haɓaka nau'ikan matasan, dole ne a sayi tsaba a cikin shaguna na musamman.
Tsabtace na seedlings
Abubuwan da aka girbe sabo ne kawai suka dace da dasa shuki, saboda tsaba na bara sun sami ƙarancin shuka. Zai fi kyau shuka a ƙarshen Yuni, lokacin da suka riga sun cikakke kuma a shirye don dasa.
Don kada zuriyar tayi murƙushewa a ƙasa kafin lokaci, an ɗaure furanni da zartar, daga nan aka cire su.
Don shuka tsaba don shuka, kana buƙatar zaɓar wurin da aka lulluɓe, takin ƙasa tare da humus, ya kamata ya kasance da sako-sako da danshi. A zurfafa tsaba ta hanyar 1-1.5 cm Bayan dasawa a watan Yuni, seedlings zai fito a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, a cikin Maris.
Lokacin da nau'i-nau'i na ganye 1-2 suna bayyana akan tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar nutsar da su cikin gado na fure a cikin wurin da aka girgiza inda zasuyi girma na shekaru 2. To dasa shuki mafi girma seedlings a cikin m wuri. Sai kawai a shekara ta uku suka Bloom.
Juyawa da rarrabuwa
Tare da ingantaccen shuka, hellebore zai iya girma a al'ada a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru 10.
Wadannan tsire-tsire ba sa son jigilar maimaitawa. Sabili da haka, ya fi barin bushes a wuri guda har sai sun girma sosai.
Bayan haka zaku iya tono su sannan ku rarraba su zuwa dazuzzukan daji da dama. Bayan saukowa a cikin sabon wuri, suna ɗaukar tushe na dogon lokaci. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar kulawa da ta dace - shayarwa na yau da kullun, kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Yanayin girma na Hellebore
Yawancin nau'in hellebore suna haɓaka mafi kyau a cikin inuwa ko a cikin yaduwar haske. Amma wannan inji duniya ne kuma yana dacewa da yanayi da yawa. Wasu nau'ikan matasan da suka ji girma a cikin wuraren rana ana busa su.
Kula da hellebore na waje
Wadannan tsire-tsire masu unpretentious, sanyi-mai tsayayya, ba mai buƙatar akan abun da ke ciki na ƙasa ba. Amma dole ne a lura da wasu shawarwarin kulawa:
- Guji tsauraran ruwa a rhizomes da bushewa ƙasa. Saboda haka, sassauta kasar gona da samar da ruwa na yau da kullun a bushe yanayin.
- A bu mai kyau zuwa ciyawa a kusa da tsire-tsire tare da peat, takin, sharar katako.
- A kan kasa na acidic, suna girma mafi muni, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ƙara alli, lemun tsami, ash ga irin wannan ƙasa.
- Asan daji, wanda ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata, ya dace da waɗannan tsirrai.
- Moroznik yana son takin zamani wanda ke buƙatar amfani dashi kowane watanni 3. Don haka zai gamsu da yawan furanni. Baya ga mulching tare da takin ko humus, kuna buƙatar yin takin ma'adinai a lokacin girma, kazalika da abincin kashi.
Duk da juriya na sanyi na wadannan tsirrai, iri dayawa, musamman irinsu, a yankuna masu tsananin sanyi suna bukatar a basu kariya, saboda haka an rufe su da daskararrun hunturu.
Cutar da kwari
Moroznik tsire-tsire mai guba ne sabili da haka ba shi da kyau sosai ga kwari, yana da tsayayya da cuta. Amma a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi, hakan yana ƙarƙashin irin wannan tasirin:
- matsalar tana faruwa ne da taɓar ruwa, to, ƙwayar zata iya shafar fungi;
- Anthracnose - a wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar cire duk wuraren da aka shafa na shuka kuma kuyi magani tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi dauke da jan ƙarfe;
- Hankalin zobe - yanke duk wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma ku bi da tare da kashe-kashe;
- mily-milyw - kwalliya da feshin abubuwa tare da shirye-shirye na musamman;
- daga cikin kwari suna da ha ari - aphids, slugs, snails, mice, hop caterpillars.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara: kaddarorin masu amfani da aikace-aikacen hellebore
An yi amfani da Moroznik cikin nasara don magance cututtuka da yawa. Amma zaka iya ɗaukarsa a cikin iyakataccen adadi, saboda yawan abin sama da haɗari yana da haɗari ga lafiya. Likita ne kawai zai iya ba da irin wannan magani, tunda akwai contraindications da yawa.
Don dalilai na magani, ana amfani da rhizome na shuka. An sami 'yanci daga wuraren da aka lalace, an wanke shi da kyau, an bushe shi da ƙasa. Bayan shirya kayan ado, infusions, maganin shafawa.
Warkad da kaddarorin Hellebore
Shuka tana da kaddarorin magungunan masu zuwa:
- yana wanke jikin da gubobi, radionuclides, gubobi;
- inganta motsin ciki;
- daidaitaccen aiki na zuciya;
- yana inganta rigakafi;
- taimaka tare da sinusitis;
- yana magance cututtukan fata da raunuka;
- taimaka tare da urolithiasis;
- inganta yanayin a matakin farko na oncology;
- yana karfafa tsarin garkuwar jiki;
- liquefies sputum;
- yana inganta resorption na cysts da nodes;
- normalizes ruwan-gishiri daidaita;
- yana rage kiba.
Tare da yin amfani da wannan magani na yau da kullun, farkon watanni shida na farko na hanji yana tsaftacewa, sannan ya tsarkaka jini.
Contraindications
Ba a ba da shawarar Moroznik don amfani ba:
- yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru 7 da haihuwa;
- yayin daukar ciki da lactation;
- bayan bugun zuciya;
- tare da rashin haqurin mutum;
- idan aka gano ischemia, cutar gallstone, arrhythmia, tachycardia.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa hellebore tsire-tsire ne mai guba.
Doaryewar overdose yana yiwuwa duka tare da adadin lokaci ɗaya na kashi, kuma tare da tsawan amfani da ƙananan allurai.
