Maranta - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto

Maranta (Maranta) - Perennials na cikin gida tare da ganyayyaki daban-daban na dangin Maranta, ingantaccen ado don kowane ɗaki. Daga cikin ire-iren al'adun akwai kyawawan lambu. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan tsirrai shine kibiya ("ciyawa mai addu'a"). An yaba mata saboda kyawun bayyanar sa da rashin bayyanarsa.

Homelandasar mahaifarta ta '' arrowroot 'itace ranakun ruwan zafi na Kudancin Amurka. An sanya sunan fure ne da girmamawa ga fitaccen masanin kimiyyar kasar Italiya Bartolomeo Marant, wanda ya shahara wajen ba da magani kan magungunan botanical and antidotes.

Shuka itace daji na kwari mai kafaɗa, wanda akan sami ganye mai yalwatacce, an rufe shi, ya dogara da iri-iri, tare da aibobi ko ƙyalli iri-iri. A dare, faranti suna ɗaukar hoto a tsaye. Al'adar ta kai tsawon 30-35 cm a tsayi. A gida, fure ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba. Budsanyun kanana, ƙananan dabbobi sun yi fari ko shuɗi mai haske.

Kowane misali a lokacin girma yana samar da sababbin ganye 5-6. Itace zata iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru, idan dai ana kulawa da ita yadda ya kamata kuma tayi yaduwa kowane shekaru 3-4.

Maranta yana gani sosai kama da calathea da stromantha.

Dukiya mai amfani

An yi imanin cewa lokacin sanya tukunya tare da shuka a saman gado, yana taimakawa wajen daidaita yanayin barci, haɓaka yanayi, haɓaka haɓaka. A cikin ofisoshin ofis, inda yawancin ma'aikata suke, ana ba da shawarar sanya shi don daidaita wutar lantarki.

Ana amfani da rhizomes mai laushi na Maranta arundinacea don shiri na kayan abinci na gari - arrowurut.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Babban alamar cewa arrowroot yana jin daɗi a gida shine bayyanar ganye. A cikin ingantaccen shuka, suna ko da daidaituwa, tare da launi mai haske, ba su da wuraren bushewa da aibobi duhu.

Babban sigogi (memo):

Kula da kibiya a gida. Daki-daki

An yi la'akari da arrowroot na gida a matsayin barometer mai rai. Lokacin da yanayin ya kusanto, kwanon ya buɗe kamar hannayen mai addu'a.

An bayar da wannan fasalin ne ta dabi'a don kada tsire-tsire ya sha wahala daga manyan ruwan sama. Lokacin da rana ta fito daga bayan girgije, sai suka sake daidaita kai tsaye don kama haskoki, wanda a cikin yanayi na dabi'a yakan rushe rawanin bishiyoyi masu tsayi.

Gudun ruwa

Al'adar ba ta girma don buds. Koyaya, mutane da yawa suna ƙoƙarin cimma burinsu a matsayin gwaji. Lokaci mafi yawanci yakan faru ne a tsakiyar lokacin bazara.

Ganyayen karami ne, farin lelac ko farin mai kirim. Wadansu masu noman girki suna farawa fararen fure nan da nan bayan fitowar su, saboda kar ya kashe kuzari akan samuwar su. Wannan lokacin na iya zuwa tsawon watanni biyu.

Yanayin Zazzabi

“Ciyawa mai addu’a” yanayin zafi ne, duk da cewa baya haƙuri da haske. A lokacin rani, dole ne a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a 19-24 ˚C, a cikin hunturu bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da 15 ˚C ba. Shuka ba ya yarda da canje-canje kwatsam. Hakanan kasancewar wasu abubuwan da ba a bukatar sa a gare shi.

Saboda haka, tukwane baza a iya sanya su kusa da windows ba.

Ba'a ba da shawarar sanya tukunya da arrowroot a farfajiya tare da ɗakunan motsa jiki na ƙarfe (ƙarfe, baƙar karfe).

Fesa

A cikin yanayin halitta, shuka yana zaune kusa da fadama da tafkuna. Lokacin da aka sanya shi kusa da radiators, ƙarshen ganye cikin sauri ya fara bushewa. Saboda haka, dole ne a kiyaye danshi a matakin da baya ƙasa da 60%. Ya kamata a yayyafa shuka yau da kullun tare da fesa ruwa mai laushi.

Sanya jita-jita tare da furanni a kan yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa na rigar zai taimaka wajen adana sigogi a matakin da ya dace. Kuna iya sanya tukunya a cikin babban tire, sannan kuma ku shimfiɗa mossan sphagnum da aka sanya ruwa da shi.

Haske

Mafi kyawun wuri don arrowroot a gida shine shiryayye mai nisa a kusa da 1-1.5 m daga taga ko yamma. A cikin hunturu, ana iya matsar da tukunyar kusa da tushen hasken. Wannan tsire-tsire mai jure yanayin yana buƙatar kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye ta hanyar goge fim mai nuna haske ga gilashi ko ta hanyar sanya makafi.

Idan babu isasshen haske, harbe-harbe suna iya shimfiɗa, ganye suna zama ƙanana. Irin waɗannan alamu galibi ana lura da su lokacin girma a cikin windows windows. A wannan yanayin, phytolamp na iya taimakawa, wanda ya kamata a kunna kowane dare na tsawon awanni 3-4.

Watse

Don sanyaya kasar gona ta amfani da ruwa kawai a zazzabi a dakin. Furen arrowroot a gida yana buƙatar yawan ruwa. Dankin na fama da rashin ruwa mai zafi musamman lokacin bazara. Sabili da haka, dole ne a bar daskararren daskararren ya bushe gaba ɗaya: koyaushe yakamata ya kasance ɗan danshi kaɗan.

Tunda tsauraran ruwa yana haifar da jujjuya tushen, ya fi kyau a sha ruwan “ciyawar” sau da yawa, amma a cikin kananan rabo. A lokacin rani Ana aiwatar da wannan hanya sau 2-3 a mako, a cikin hunturu - 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 6-7. Mintuna 35-40 bayan shafewa, ruwan da aka tattara a cikin kwanon rufi dole ne a jawo shi.

Wiwi

Zai fi kyau a zaɓi akwati mai kama da zagaye, wide kuma ba zurfi ba. Ci gaba, sannu a hankali daji yayi girma a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Tushen tushen ba ya buƙatar sarari mai yawa, don haka tukunya ya kamata ya zama matsakaici a girma.

Yana da wanda ba a ke so don amfani da jita-jita yumbu, tunda danshi da ke ciki an kiyaye shi fiye da na filastik. Dasa ta bushe da sauri, wanda shuka ba ta so.

Taki da taki

Tsawon lokacin yana ci gaba a ƙarshen Fabrairu. Daga wannan lokacin, zaku iya fara amfani da takin mai magani a hankali (sau 1 a cikin makonni 3). Da farkon lokacin bazara, ana ciyar da kibiya a kowane mako 2. A cikin bazara, sake gabatar da abubuwan gina jiki an sake rage su, kuma a cikin hunturu ana dakatar dasu tsawon watanni 2.5-3. Don fure, kudade sun dace:

• Kemira Suite
• "Mafarkin botanist";
• "Florika";
• Fasco.

A cikin lokacin zafi, ana lalata dillancin magani bisa ga umarnin. A cikin canjin yanayi, ana saka ruwa mai ninka biyu a cikin abun da aka samar kamar yadda masu samin takin suka bayar.

Juyawa

Kulawa da kibiya a gida ya hada da sabuntar abubuwanda aka canza. A cikin shekaru ukun farko na rayuwa, dole ne a tura daji zuwa sabon tukunya a kowane bazara. A wannan yanayin, zaɓi kwano waɗanda girman su ya fi girma cm cm 3-4 fiye da wanda ya gabata. Don kwatanta kwantena, sanya daya a cikin ɗayan.

Bayan cire earthen coma, tushen tsarin da aka warware daga wuce haddi ƙasa kuma a hankali bincika domin rot. Idan an gano wuraren da suka lalace, dole ne a yanke su. An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan sabon kwano, kauri wanda ya kamata ya zama cm 3-3.5. Sa’an nan an yayyafa shi da wani.

An dasa tsire a kan sakamakon "matashin kai" a tsaye, bayan wannan sarari kusa da tushen cike da ƙasa mai laushi.

Ana haɗa ƙasa sosai a hankali tare da hannu, to, ana shayar da ƙasa tare da ruwan da aka riga aka shirya.

Mai jan tsami

Maranta kusan ba ya buƙatar hanyar yin girki. Ana buƙatar yanke gutsutsuren idan alamun cutar, lalata ko bushewa daga sassan m. Wasu lambu ba sa son harbe-harfen elongated suna bugawa daga jimlar, wanda akan sami ganye 5-6.

Koyaya, wannan fasali ne na haɓaka wasu nau'ikan al'adu. Idan faranti suna da lafiya, yana da kyau a sanya tallafi a tsaye fiye da cire su.

Lokacin hutawa

Matakin yana farawa a ƙarshen Oktoba kuma ya ƙare a watan Fabrairu. Girma kibiya a cikin wannan lokacin shekara ta rage gudu. A cikin hunturu, suna rage ruwa kuma suna kiyaye amfanin gona daga bushewar iska wanda yake haifar da aikin batirin dumama.

Dankin ya yarda da yanayin zafi sosai, cikin zafi, ya yi akasin haka, ya ji daɗi. Sabili da haka, zuwa "hunturu" ya fi kyau canja shi zuwa ɗakin sanyi.

Shin zai yiwu ka bar arrowroot ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Tun da raguwa a cikin taro na tururi na ruwa yana cutar da halayen ganyayyaki, yana da kyau a nemi mutum ya kunna danshi a kowace rana tsawon awanni 3-4 kafin barin. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, zaku iya sanya guga cike da ruwa kusa da furanni.

Zai hankali zai ƙafe, a hankali zai sha iska.

Hakanan a ranar Hawan tashi za ku iya yin tsabtatawa rigar.

Rigar ban ruwa an sanye shi don rigar da substrate. Har ila yau, hydrogel ya dace da wannan dalilin. Wannan polymer ne wanda yake iya ɗaukar adadin ruwa sau da yawa sama da yadda ake samarwa. An sanya shi cikin ruwa na tsawon awanni 8, sannan a shimfiɗa shi a ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da gansakuka a saman.

Arrowroot yaduwa

Don samun sababbin kofe ba lallai ba ne ka je kantin. Yaduwa daga cikin shuka za a iya yi da kansa.

Sake bugun furen dabino

Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi ƙarancin damuwa ga "ciyawar addu'a." A gaban harbe elongated, ana iya amfani dasu azaman cututuka. An yanka mai tushe mai tsabta a hankali tare da wuka mai kaifi. A gaban lambar internode, ana yin tsakuwa da tsinke 2 cm a ƙasa. Girman abin rikewa ya kamata ya zama kusan 10-12 cm.

Ana saukar da mai tushe a cikin ruwa don fara aiwatar da tushen. Ruwa ya zama da zazzabi dakin. Akwatin yana nesa da hasken rana kai tsaye. Bayan bayyanar Tushen, ana shuka tsiran a cikin kwano cike da ƙasa, ana shayar kuma an rufe shi da filastik. A cikin irin wannan "greenhouse" ana kiyaye su har alamun alamun sassan ɓangarorin m na shuka sun bayyana.

Wasu sun fi so su dasa harbe a cikin yashi. Zazzabi a cikin ɗakin tare da wannan hanyar ya kamata ya kasance 20-25 ° C. Tsarin zai wuce kusan wata guda.

Sake bugun kibiya ta hanyar rarraba daji

Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don dasa tsirowar shuka. An rarraba shuka da aka samo daga jita-jita zuwa kashi biyu daidai yake, ana rarraba rhizomes tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi. An sanya ɓawon wuta a cikin tukwane na mutum cike da ƙasa, kuma ana shayar da ruwa mai daidaitawa. Kafin bayyanar ganye, yana da kyau a rufe kwantena tare da cellophane.

Cutar da kwari

A mafi yawancin lokuta, "ciyawar addu'a" ba ta haifar da matsala ga mai shi ba: yana da tsayayya wa kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cututtuka. Koyaya, zai fi kyau ga kowane mawadaci ya kasance da masaniyar matsalolinda zasu iya faruwa, ta yadda idan akwai wahala, zasu iya zama cikin hanzari a keɓe su.

Idan ganyen arrowroot ya zama kodadde, dalilin shine yalwar hasken rana. Wajibi ne don canja wurin shuka zuwa wurin da aka rufe. A farantin na iya zama launin rawaya yayin da aka alkama kasar. Don gyara matsalar, zuba ruwa tare da ruwan ɗanɗano da ɗan ruwa. Rotting daga cikin tushen lokacin da amfani da yawa m kasar gona lokacin dasawa. Matasa ganye faranti bushe bushe a lokacin m watering ko daidaitawa a kan m

Gabaɗaya, matsaloli da yawa (jinkirin ci gaba, lalata abubuwa a cikin iska, asarar kayan kwalliya) kwari ne. Mafi sau da yawa, "ciyawa mai addu'a" an farmaki da mealybugs, sikelin kwari, gizo-gizo kwari, thrips. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, sciarides ya zauna a farfajiya na ƙasa.

Iri arrowroot na gida tare da hoto da sunaye

Halin ilimin Maranta ya haɗa da nau'ikan sama da 40. Yi la'akari da mafi mashahuri, wanda galibi ana samunsa akan siyarwa.

Arrowhead mai launi uku, mai tricolor

Ganyen m ya kai tsawon 12-14 cm. Edgesasoshinan faranti masu haske ne kore, kusa da tsakiya tare da tsawon tsawon suran ne. Hannun launuka iri ɗaya suna gudana daga ƙwayar burgundy-ja ta tsakiyar zuwa ga bangarorin. Furanni masu launin shuɗi, ƙarami. Tsawon daji bai wuce 35 cm ba.

Farin-veined arrowroot

Wannan karamin tsire-tsire ne tare da manyan ganye (har zuwa 14 cm). Babban launi na faranti shine zaitun duhu. Tsakanin labule mai launin shuɗi, tare da tsawon tsawon gefensa akwai shinge mai haske. Kusan fararen haskoki ne suke rarrabewa daga tsakiyar farantin, wanda shuka ta samo sunan.

Maranta baki Massange

Gefen faranti na wannan nau'in "ciyawa mai addu'a" kore. Tushen ganye haske ne. Tare da layuka na aibobi na kusan duhu launin ruwan kasa. Itatuwan ya kai tsayin 25-30 cm.

Maranta Kerkhovina

Wannan shine mafi mashahuri ra'ayi tsakanin yan lambu mai son. Leaf faranti suna da launi mai launin shuɗi mai launi iri ɗaya, veins basu fito a kansu ba. Tare da tsawon tsawon za su wuce layuka biyu na launin ruwan kasa mai launin toka.

Wasu sunyi la'akari da kibiya arrowroot inji mai motsi. Wannan ba magana ce ta gaskiya ba. Lura da sigogin da ke sama ba abu ne mai wahala ba. Ya isa ya bayar da mintuna 5 - 10 zuwa "ciyawar addu'a" kowace rana don ya gamsar da mai girkin da ganyayyaki masu ƙyalli.