Gardenia asalin halittar gandun daji ne ko ƙananan bishiyoyi daga dangin Marenov. Homeasar Gida ita ce Japan, China, Indiya. Yaduwar ko'ina a cikin wurare masu zafi na Afirka ta Kudu.
Ya sami sunan ta don girmamawa ga masanin ilimin botanist na Ingila kuma likita, ɗan asalin Scotland ne - Alexander Garden. Yana da suna na tsakiya - Cape Jasmine.
Bayanin Bayani
Tsirrai suna da tarko mai kama da itace. M, ganye mai elongated ganye suna kan gaba wajen rataye a cikin harbe ko saukar da harbe. Furanni furanni ne kawai, ninki biyu, launuka masu laushi na fari, ruwan hoda da rawaya. Zurfinsu yakai cm 5-10. Fitowar zamani tana da sauri da gajeru (kwanaki 3-5), tare da ƙanshin kamshi mai daɗi. Tare da kulawa ta dace, zai kasance cikin fure daga farkon bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka.
Iri da nau'in lambun don gidan
Akwai nau'ikan al'adun gargajiyar sama da 250 na lambun.
Mafi yawan manoma furanni suna amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan:
| Dabbobi | Bayanin | Bar | Furanni |
| Jasmin | Tsawon daji shine 50-60 cm, ana amfani dashi sosai azaman cikin gida. Pretty moody. | Dark, m, m manyan 10 cm. | Fari, terry 5-7 cm, tsari a cikin inflorescences yana yiwuwa. Suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi. |
| Cikakken launi | Kimanin cm 70. Al'adun tukunyar tataccen. | Haske, ƙarami kusan 5 cm. | Camelliform 7-8 cm dusar ƙanƙara mai fari-fari, mai yalwataccen wurin zama, ƙamshi mai ƙarfi. |
| Radikans | 30-60 cm. Anyi amfani dashi azaman bonsai. | Zane, yayi kama da bayyen ganye kamar cm 3. | M 2.5-5cm. |
| Citriodora | 30-50 cm. Girma a cikin kwantena a gida. | M, mai zagaye-zagaye, tare da jijiyoyin da aka ambata, da kadan wavy, kore mai duhu duhu mai launi. | Aturearamin 2 cm, lemun tsami inuwa guda biyar, tare da ƙanshin orange. |
Jasmin tana cikin buƙata.
Masu shayarwa sun inganta ingantattun iri:
| Digiri | Abubuwa na dabam |
| Lokaci Hudu | Akwai furanni biyu akan daji. |
| Asiri | Dogon fure, watakila sau biyu a shekara. |
| Agusta kyakkyawa | Ya girma zuwa 1 m. |
| Fortune | Giant ya bar 18 cm kuma buds 10 cm. |
Kulawar Gida ta Cape Jasmine
Lambun shine tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa, amma idan kun bi dokokin kulawa a gida, zaku iya cimma kyakkyawan daji, tsayi da fure mai yawa.
| Gaskiya | Lokacin bazara / bazara | Lokacin sanyi / hunturu |
| Wuri / Haske | Kyakkyawan taga ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. A kudu suna yin inuwa, a arewa kuma sukan cika. Kada a bada izinin zane. | |
| Zazzabi | + 18 ... +24 ° C | + 16 ... +18 ° C. |
| Haushi | 70-80%. Sau da yawa ana fesa, sanya shi a kan wata karamar pallet da rigar moss ko yumɓu mai yalwa. | 60-70%. Rage fesa ruwa. |
| Watse | Da yawa, ba tare da stagnation na ruwa ba. Kamar yadda saman ya bushe. | Matsakaici, kwana 2-3 bayan bushewar ƙasa daga sama. A cikin hunturu, ƙarami. |
| Manyan miya | Takin tsire-tsire don fure sau 2 a wata, ba tare da alli ba, yawan adadin chlorine da nitrogen ba su da yawa. A cikin samuwar furanni - shirye-shirye waɗanda ke ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe. | Dakatar da shi. |
| Kasar | Abun ciki: Turf, ganye, ƙasa mai bushe, yashi, peat (1: 1: 1: 1: 1) tare da ƙari na fiber na kwakwa ko ƙasa don azaleas. | |
Gardenia girma dokoki:
- Domin kada ya fada ganye da kuma buds lura watering, high zafi.
- Fesa tare da ingantaccen feshin, tare da mitar kai tsaye dogara da yanayin tsare: bushe shaƙewa - sau da yawa; sanyi rigar - da wuya.
- Idan babu fure, samar da ƙarin hasken wuta.
- Suna shirya wanka na fure, sau ɗaya a mako na tsawon awanni 3-4, kafin fara buduwa: sanya shi kusa da bawan wanka mai cike da ruwan zafi.
- Idan ba a buɗe fure ba na dogon lokaci, ana shayar da su da ruwa mai ɗumi mai laushi a ƙarƙashin tushe.
- Don motsa halittar sababbin harbe, ana cire fure wilted akan lokaci.
- Don ƙirƙirar daji ciyawa, tsunkule shuka da yanke.
- Karka motsa ko juyawa.
- Kada a bada izinin canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi.
- Don mafi kyawun ma'adinan ma'adinai, ƙasa yana acidified: sau ɗaya a wata ana shayar da su da ruwa, an daɗaɗa shi da maganin rauni na citric acid.
- Juyawar kananan tsire-tsire ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar natsuwa, a shekara a ƙarshen fure. Tsohon - bayan shekaru 3-4, ba 'yantar da tushen daga ƙasa, amma ƙara sabon ƙasa.
Yankin Gardenia
Propagate fure daga Janairu zuwa Maris ko daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.
Hanya mafi kyau shine grafting:
- Yanke kore-launin ruwan kasa (Semi-woody) na 10-15 cm.
- Ana bi da su tare da tushen abin ƙarfafawa (Kornevin).
- An sanya su cikin peat tare da gansaket ɗin sphagnum.
- Ƙasƙantar da hankali, ƙirƙirar yanayi na greenhouse ta hanyar rufe ganga tare da kayan dasa tare da murfin gilashi ko polyethylene.
- A ɗauke a zazzabi na +24 ° C.
- Lokacin da seedlings suka girma zuwa 10 cm, ana dasa su cikin tukwane daban-daban ta hanyar narkar da daskararren abubuwa don kada su lalata asalinsu mai laushi.
Matsalar kayan lambu, cututtuka da kwari karin kwari
| Matsalolin | Dalilai | Matakan magancewa |
| Yellowing, ganye mai narkewa. |
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| Blanching na ganye (chlorosis). |
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| Bushewa da fadowa. |
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| Rashin fure mai fure. | Yanayin sanyi a kasa +16 ° C ko sama da +24 ° C. | Atauke a zazzabi da ya dace. |
| Faduwa tayi. |
| Kula da zafin jiki da ake buƙata, zafi da haske. |
| Cututtukan naman gwari. |
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| Karin kwari (ganye aphids, gizo-gizo kwari, kwari kwari). |
| An fesa su tare da magungunan jama'a: infusions na nettle, tafarnuwa, burdock da sauransu. Ba a amfani da maganin sabulu mai wanki ga lambun lambun. Ko maganin kwari (Aktara, Actellik). |
