Clematis

Noma, kulawa da haifuwa daga cikin malamai a kasar

Don yin ado da yanki na yanki na kusa da kyawawan furen da suke da tsawon lokaci na flowering kuma za a iya daura su, za a iya zaɓin zabi a kan clematis. Yadda za mu yi girma a fannin kimiyya, mun bayyana a kasa.

Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa

Furen Clematis a dasa shuki a bude ƙasa yana buƙatar zabi mafi dacewa, saboda a wasu lokuta zasu kasance da wuya a cimma kyakkyawan flowering. Yana da muhimmanci a bi ka'idoji masu zuwa:

  1. Kwayar Clematis da furanni suna ƙaunar hasken rana, saboda haka kada ku dasa su a arewacin gidan. Duk da haka, tushen su ba sa son yanayin zafi.

    A wannan haɗin, an bada shawarar shuka wasu furanni kusa da Clematis, wanda zai ba da inuwa ga asalinsu kuma ya hana ƙasa daga warkewa da karfi a kwanakin zafi.

  2. Clematis wani furen kayan ado ne wanda alkama ya rataye ga abubuwa masu dacewa da su yayin girma. Idan an shuka shuka a wani wuri mai budewa, iskõki da iskõki, ba zai iya rike da goyon baya ba. Haske mai haɗari don furanni wanda zai tashi a hankali a kusa.

  3. Clematis a cikin abstraction da kula yana da muhimmanci a kare daga ruwa, tun da tare da tushen tushen tsarin na flower iya fara rot. Saboda wannan dalili, kayi ƙoƙarin kiyaye ruwa daga tanderun ruwa a kan tushen sa, kuma dasa furanni kimanin 50 cm daga ganuwar gine-gine. Idan shafin yanar gizonku yana da matukar matsayi mai zurfi, to lallai ya zama dole kuyi kullun a kusa da gadon filawa tare da clematis wanda abin da zafin jiki zai wuce.

Clematis dasa: a lokacin da yadda za a shuka wani fure

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don shuka kullun. Idan ya wajaba a yada flower seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tushen tsarin, to, clematis dasa zai yiwu duka a lokacin rani, da kuma a spring, da kuma a cikin kaka. Idan ka saya sapling, amma yana da sanyi a waje don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, za'a iya sanya shuka a kan wani shinge a cikin wani ɗaki ko a cikin wani ginin inda yake girma.

Yana da muhimmanci!A lokacin kaka, ana yin shuka tare da rufin asali kafin ƙarshen Oktoba (idan watan ne sanyi, to, yana da farko). Wannan zai ba da damar shuka don daidaita yadda zai yiwu ga sababbin yanayi kuma yana da sauƙi don canja wurin lokacin hunturu. Don kare daga sanyi, seedlings dole ne rufe tare da fadi ganye ko wasu rufi.
Amma a lokacin da zai yiwu a dasa kullun tare da tsarin tushen tushen, to wannan irin shuka za ta kasance a shirye don auku ne kawai daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu (yana da kyau kada a isa ƙarshen watan). Idan buds na shuka sun kumbura - furanni ba zai zauna ba bayan dasawa. Ko da idan shuka ya saba, to, rayuwarsa ta motsawa, kuma ta hanyar hunturu itacen inabi ba zai kasance mai karfi ba don tsira da tsutsa.

Bayan yanke shawarar wurin saukowa, za ku iya shigar da kayan tallafi na lianas nan da nan, musamman idan kun yi aiki a cikin bazara ko lokacin rani. Bayan haka, kana buƙatar yin shiri na rami don flower.

Yana da muhimmanci!A wani wuri, ilimin lissafi zai iya girma tsawon kimanin shekaru 25, don haka ko da a lokacin dasa shuki yana da kyau a kula da isasshen taki a kan flowerbed.

  1. Tona rami don dasa shuki babban - 60x60x60 cm. Idan ka shuka shuke-shuke da yawa - zai zama sauƙi don shirya wani yanki.

  2. Don tafkin ruwa a kasa na ramin, kada ku fi nauyin 15 cm na launin dutse, fadada yumbu ko tubalin fashe.

  3. Kula da shirye-shiryen ƙasa, wanda zai buƙatar fada barci cikin rami. Clematis ya fi dacewa da tushe a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki da kuma numfashi, don haka haɗuwa a daidai rabbai daga ƙasa daga rami mai zurfi, yashi, taki da kuma peat. Bugu da ƙari, zuba game da lita na itace ash da 100 g na hadaddun taki ga lambun furanni cikin rami.
Bayan shirya ƙasa, saka rabi a cikin rami kuma dasa furanni. Yana da kyau sosai don yin wannan idan an zuba ƙasa a cikin wani dutse a saman wanda zai yiwu a dasa shuki sapling kuma ta daidaita tushenta. Bayan wannan, rami ya rufe ƙasa, ba tare da manta ya yayyafa sutura mai tushe don hana ta juya ba.

Girman yankan zai ƙayyade yadda za ku saka shi cikin ƙasa. Idan yankan yayi girma da girma kuma yayi girma sosai, to za'a saukar da shi ta hanyar 12-20 cm, yayin da ya kamata a sauke kananan cuttings ta 6-12 cm.

Wannan zai taimakawa wajen ci gaba da tushen tsarin tushen karfi, da kuma kare tushen daga daskarewa a cikin hunturu. Lokacin da dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a jere tsakanin bushes shine barin sararin mita 1-1.5.

Yadda za a magance clematis

A cikin kula da magunguna, shekarun shuka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Kula da ƙananan fure, dole ne a yanka kusan dukkanin buds. Anyi wannan don tabbatar da cewa dukkanin karfi na shuka ba zaiyi girma ba, amma don samar da tushen tsarin da tushe. Har ila yau, a kan wani matashi, yana da muhimmanci a kwara dukkanin harbe, wanda zai taimaka wajen samar da mafi girma daga cikinsu. Kada ka manta ka ƙulla dukkanin gonar inabin da aka samu a clematis daji ya fi kyau.

Yaya za a iya amfani da ilimin ruwa

Clematis ba sa son yawancin danshi, sabili da haka ya kamata a shayar da su yadda ya kamata. Matasan shuke-shuke - sau ɗaya a mako, amma idan yanayin ya bushe, watering yana da daraja har zuwa sau ɗaya kowace rana 5. Tsarin tsire-tsire na buƙatar buƙatar ruwa fiye da 1 a cikin kwanaki 10.

Idan kana da shakka game da ko in shayar da furen, duba ƙasa. Lokacin da ya bushe, har ma a zurfin 30 cm, an buƙaci hydration da sauri. A lokacin watering, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da shigarwa cikin laka kai tsaye zuwa ga tushen shuka, wanda a shekaru biyar yana iya zuwa zurfin mita daya. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara don tono 4 tukunya na fure daga bangarorin hudu na clematis cikin abin da zai zama dole a zuba ruwa. Bayan lokaci, zai nutse zuwa tushen.

Gyarawa da mulching ƙasa

Bugu da ƙari, danshi, clematis kuma yana buƙatar samun sauyin iska, wanda yana da mahimmanci a koyaushe ya tsaga ƙasa. Yi haka tare da kowane ruwa da kuma bayan ruwan sama. Amma sassauta ƙasa a kusa da ƙananan furanni ya kamata a yi sosai a hankali, ɗagawa kawai a saman 2 cm.

Tabbatar da hankali a cikin ci gaba da mahimmanci na clematis, wanda ake amfani dashi a maimakon watering da sassauta ƙasa. Yayin da ake fure da furanni, an bada shawarar yin amfani da naman alade, wadda za a iya rufe shi tare da launi na peat. Yana da mahimmanci don amfani da ciyawa a cikin hunturu, to kuma yana iya kare tushen daga daskarewa.

Shin kuna sani? Akwai nau'i-nau'i iri-iri iri iri. Daga cikin su za ka iya samun bushes tare da lebur furanni, karrarawa, tubes har ma tulips. Amma mafi yawancin furanni ne.

Clematis taki

Ana buƙatar taki kulle Clematis kullum, musamman a lokacin flowering. Ya fi girma furanni na shuka, yawancin lokaci zai zama wajibi don ƙara karin takin mai magani zuwa ƙasa - game da sau ɗaya kowane wata 2. Idan furanni ƙananan - zai zama isa kuma 2 - 3 dressings da kakar. Dangane da shekaru da girman daji, zai bukaci kimanin lita 10 na bayani na gina jiki.

Rashin yawan abubuwa da yawa a cikin ƙasa za a iya gano su ta hanyar jihar clematis:

  • lokacin da ingancin tsire-tsire ya zama raguwa, kuma ganye suna karami, sun juya launin rawaya ko ja, furanni sun zama m kuma sun rasa haskensu - injin yana shan wahala daga rashin nitrogen. Don yin wannan abu a hankali a lokacin bazara, lokacin da harbe ke fara girma. Za'a iya samun shuka na Nitrogen daga taki (diluted tare da ruwa 1:10), tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye (1:15), nitroammofoskoy (20 g da 10 l), akai-akai ana canza wadannan abubuwa;

  • launin ruwan kasa yana nuna launin phosphorus, wanda zai iya haifar da ci gaban talauci; an bada shawarar yin phosphorus a shirya kasa don dasa shuki, gabatar da nama (ba fiye da 200 g da 1 sq m); lokacin girma, a kowace Satumba za ku iya amfani da phosphorus a cikin nau'i na superphosphate (20 g da 10 l na ruwa);

  • lokacin da cututtuka da buds sun juya baƙar fata, to amma wataƙila ƙasar da aka dasa a cikin ƙwayar magunguna ta sha wahala daga rashin potassium. Don hana wannan, ciyar da flower tare da potassium nitrate a kowace bazara da kuma Agusta tare da potassium sulfate, a kowane hali yin bayani na 20-30 g na abu da lita 10 na ruwa.

Dokokin don ciyar da tsire-tsire

Lokacin kula da injin yana da matukar muhimmanci don ciyar da shi a cikin lokaci mai dacewa. Bayan haka, wucewar ma'adanai a ƙasa zai iya halakar furen. Saboda haka, Don samun dogon gonaki da furanni masu kyau bi dokokin da suka biyo baya:

  1. Tun da ka yi takin mai magani da yawa lokacin da dasa shuki flower, za a iya yin ciyarwa na gaba a shekaru 2-3.
  2. Sau da yawa madadin ma'adinai na ma'adinai da kwayoyin. Za a iya amfani da wannan na karshe a cikin ƙasa kawai a cikin jihar da aka shafe shi da ruwa.
  3. Abincin abinci mai gina jiki bazai zama mai ban mamaki ba. Yi amfani da wannan urea (3 g da lita na ruwa). A lokacin rani, fesa ganye tare da bayani na potassium permanganate (ana iya kara acid acid). 10-15 lita isa 2 saukad da abu.
  4. A cikin hunturu, ana amfani da tsire-tsire kawai tare da itace ash.

Fasali na fure cleuning

Clematis na buƙatar na yau da kullum don shawo kan shuka da kuma bayyanar yawan adadin furanni a kan gonar inabinsa. Bugu da ƙari, don rage gajerun a farkon farkon ci gaba, wannan aiki ya kamata a yi a kowace shekara, amma la'akari da nau'in shuka.

Flowers a kan harbe na biyu da suka gabata da kuma na yanzu shekara

Ana yin irin wannan ƙwayar sau biyu a shekara. Lokaci na farko ana buƙata a tsakiyar lokacin rani, lokacin da ƙananan furanni suka shuɗe, kuma na biyu - kafin lokacin kaka, lokacin da furen ya fadi. A lokacin rani mai zurfi a cikin shekara ta harbe za'a iya yanke shi ƙasa.

Flowers a kan harbe na yanzu shekara

Ana gudanar da hanyar tsabta kafin rufe bishiya don hunturu, tare da dukkanin harbe za'a iya yanke a kasa.

Flowers a kan harbe a bara

Wasu iri zasu iya girma ba tare da yankan ba. Zaka iya cire harbe kawai, wanda bayan an kafa furanni. Idan daji yana da raunin raunana mai yawa, za a iya rage su don haka a shekara ta gaba za su kara karfi.

Yadda za a rufe kullun ga hunturu

Sau da yawa, clematis baya buƙatar murfin karfi, amma har yanzu ba za ka iya yin ba tare da shi ba. A matsayin tsari, zaka iya amfani da ciyawa, kazalika da zubar da ganye a kan bishiyoyi.

Shrubs, flowering a kan harbe na bara, na bukatar tsari mafi kyau. Ga su, zaka iya amfani da rassan fir. Amma waɗannan nau'o'in clematis da suka yi fure a kan rani na hunturu, yana da mahimmanci a yanka a tsawo na 10 cm, har zuwa matakin da za ku iya fada barci tare da yashi, kuma ya hada da zane 20-centimeter na peat ko sawdust. Zaka iya sanya fim akan saman daji, kawai a spring zai buƙaci a cire a lokaci domin shuka bata wucewa ba.

Yadda za a ninka malamai

Don haifuwa daga clematis ana amfani da wadannan hanyoyin:

  1. Cuttings. Yi shi a cikin marigayi May - farkon Yuni. Za a girbe cututtukan daga tsakiyar ɓangaren harbe, yana da mahimmanci cewa shi ma ya ƙunshi ƙwararrun ƙirar da kuma samfurori guda biyu. Dogon tsawon rabi na yankan ya kamata ya zama 4 cm, babba - 2 cm. Irin waɗannan cututtuka suna da tushe sosai ko da a ƙasa mai bude, babban abu shi ne cewa yawan zafin jiki bai zama ƙasa da + 25 ° C. A cikin yanayi mafi wuya, za'a iya kafu a cikin kofuna.

  2. Amfani da layering. Don yin wannan, zaɓi hanyar tsere daga cikin daji wanda yake ƙasa da ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, kuma cika shi da ƙasa a farkon lokacin rani. Tuni ta watan Satumba sabuwar wataji za ta fito daga kowane ɗakin shiga. Don dasa shuki shuka, zai zama dole ne kawai a yanka da harbe tare da felu da kuma tono sama da tsire-tsire.

  3. Rarraban daji. Zaku iya rarraba ƙananan bishiyoyi waɗanda suka kai shekaru 6-7. Don yin wannan, daji za suyi gaba ɗaya kuma a yanka a cikin guda ta amfani da mai amfani. Wannan ya kamata a yi a hankali yadda ya kamata don kada ya lalata tushen tsarin.

  4. Amfani da tsaba. Wannan hanyar haifuwa ya dace ne kawai don irin nau'o'in ilimin kimiyya. 2 watanni kafin shuka (dole ne a sanya shi a ƙarshen Afrilu) ya kamata a zuba tsaba tare da ruwa na tsawon kwanaki, sannan a rufe shi da yashi da kuma firiji. Kuna iya shuka furanni a dama a cikin ƙasa.

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, clematis za su ji daɗi tare da lush vines da kyau furanni a ko'ina cikin bazara. Muna fata cewa tambayar ta yaya za mu ci gaba da samun ilimi, mun amsa.