Bisa ga kididdigar, ilimin aikin gona da agrotechnology ya ci gaba sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Akwai sababbin tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire masu sarrafa kayan aikin gona, da sababbin hanyoyin aiki da taki. Wannan bita yana maida hankali ne ga tsarin kwayoyin halitta, irin su phacelia: wace hanya ne, yadda za a yi amfani da shi daidai, menene siffofin ci gaban wannan amfanin gona - bari mu dubi kyan gani.
Menene darajar sideratov
Domin ya fahimci darajar da masu amfani da ita ke da ita, dole ne mutum ya fara la'akari da abin da wannan batu yake. Ganye mai tsami shine irin albarkatun kore wanda aka shuka kafin dasa amfanin gona. Anyi wannan don wadatar da ƙasa tare da abubuwa masu muhimmanci. 
Ba asiri cewa girma amfanin gona yana lalata ƙasa, rage adadin abubuwan gina jiki a ciki, kuma zai iya rage yawan girbi na gaba. Don haka kasar gona ba ta rasa dukiyarta kuma tana da abubuwa masu amfani masu amfani, kuma ana amfani da masu amfani da yanki - suna wadatar da kashin humus da kyau har ma sun inganta abun da ke ciki da kuma tsarin duniya.
Ƙimar waɗannan tsire-tsire ita ce:
- low goyon baya da kuma sanyi juriya - su za a iya sown biyu a farkon spring da marigayi kaka;
- high-quality enrichment na ƙasa - darajar siderats wani lokacin ya wuce taki ko humus;
- rage a cikin ƙasa acidity;
- kariya ta sako;
- catalysis na tafiyar kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa;
- kariya ga amfanin gona na gaba daga kwari da wasu kwari;
- magani da sabunta ƙasa bayan yashwa.
Yankuna sun hada da tsire-tsire irin su hatsi, lupins, hatsin rai, mustard, fatseliya da sauransu. Saboda rashin amfani da wadannan albarkatun gona, lokacin shuka ba a daura da wata daya ba - waɗannan tsire-tsire suna jure yanayin yanayin zafi sosai. Duk da haka, ba dukkanin waɗannan sassan sun kasance a duniya ba: wasu suna nufin shuka ne kafin amfanin gona na wani amfanin gona.
Yana da muhimmanci! Phacelia dangin ruwa ne - ba shi da wani analogues tare da wasu tsire-tsire da aka dasa a cikin lambun kayan lambu. Sabili da haka, shi, ba kamar sauran dabba ba, ana iya dasawa kafin da bayan kowace albarkatu.
Phacelia a matsayin siderat: abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Wannan al'ada nasa ne da buravchikovuyu iyali. Ana iya kiran shi a duniya na wadatar da ƙasa - kafin da kuma bayan shi zaka iya shuka kowane tsire-tsire da amfanin gona. Yawancin lambu suna kira shi da amfanin gona - saboda taro kyawawan abubuwa. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Kayan dabbobi na phytosanitary - inganta ƙasa. Dangane da bambancin da yake da shi da kuma bambanci ga wasu al'adu, phacelia yana iya fitar da kwari-kwari-daban - ta hanyar jawo hankalin entomophages da ke halakar da dukkan kwayoyin cuta. Gidan zai iya kawar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, moths, tsvetoeda da nematodes. Bugu da ƙari, an samu sakamako mai tsafta ta hanyar hana rot, da karfi mai bushewa da 'ya'yan itace da shuka kanta (saboda haka, phacelia ana amfani dashi a matsayin taki don dankali).
- Ziyar da ƙudan zuma - phacelia ne mai girma zuma shuka. Babban furanni na shuka shuka bayan makonni biyar bayan dasa shuki da kuma Bloom kowace kwanaki 2. Ƙanshi da ƙanshi na furanni na janye mai ƙudan zuma, saboda haka, wannan shuka ba wajibi ne ga beekeepers ba.
- Amfanin makamashi. Phacelia yana da kyau sosai cewa zai iya girma har ma a kan dutse, da kuma a kan yumbu, da ruwa da kuma overdried. Sabili da haka, ta hanyar dasa irin wannan koreyar kore, zaka iya samun amfanin gona akan matalauta da mafi yawan kasa. Duk da haka, idan kasa ta da matukar talauci - sauƙi na sauƙi na kore taki bazai isa ba. A wannan yanayin, zai zama dole a shuka phacelia a ko'ina cikin kakar.
- Cire daji. Ta kawar da ƙara yawan acidity na kasar gona, phacelia ya sa ya zama mara dacewa ga waxannan da suka dace da yanayi na acid - alal misali, shinge na itace.
- Kyakkyawan bayyanar - wannan "taki" yana da kyau a kan gadaje.
- Furewa da sauri da al'ada - Tsarin zai kai cikakken girma (har zuwa 30 cm) a cikin wata daya. A cikin makonni 4, nauyin phacelia zai iya kai har zuwa 300 kilogiram na 1 ha - wannan daidai ne da kilo 300 na taki.
- Frost juriya. Har ila yau yana jure yanayin zafi, fari mai tsanani, iska, rashin rana.
- Ƙwarewar kai tsaye - idan dai ba za a yanke shuka ba zuwa cikakkiyar balagarta ta tsaba.
Gaba ɗaya, babu wata alamar rashin daidaituwa a irin wannan koreyar kore. Duk da haka, wasu agronomists sun koma zuwa al'adun al'adu marasa kyau:- Wannan shuki ne na shekara-shekara - don wadatar da ƙasa, irin wannan shuka za a dasa a kowace shekara kuma sau da dama sau da dama a kakar;
- da buƙatar yanka koreyar taki kafin dasa shuki amfanin gona.
Duk da haka, duk da irin wannan mummunar lalacewa, phacelia har yanzu ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mutane kuma mafi yawancin lokuta ana amfani da su a cikin agronomy na yau.
Shin kuna sani? Phacelia shine asali daga Amurka. An fassara sunansa daga Girkanci a matsayin "kulle".
Ga wace amfanin gona ya fi kyau amfani
Kyakkyawan halayen wannan shuka yana nuna yiwuwar yin amfani da shi azaman gefe don amfanin gona. Don legumes, an yi amfani dasu a matsayin cigaba a gyarawa - legumes sunyi fure, kuma Phacelia ya janye adadin kwari da ƙanshin furanni.
Don dankali, karas, beets da sauran tsire-tsire waɗanda 'ya'yan itatuwa suka siffata a ƙasa, wannan amfanin gona mai karewa ne wanda ba za a iya gwadawa ba a kan kwayoyin cutar da ke halakar da tsire-tsire. Ga dukkanin albarkatun gona, kyawawan kayan lambu suna iya wadatar da ƙasa kuma kara yawan amfanin gona, da kuma kare su daga kwari da cututtuka daban-daban.
Agrotechnical siffofin namo
Girman phacelia a matsayin mai gefe ba yana buƙatar lokaci mai yawa ko na'urori na musamman ba. Duk da haka, akwai wasu shawarwari da za su gaya maka yadda zaka shuka wannan al'ada daidai.
Kamar yadda tsire-tsire na amfani da tsire-tsire irin su lupine, alfalfa, buckwheat.
Lokacin da shuka
A matsayinka na mai mulki, an dasa shi da phacelia 2 sau a shekara - a farkon spring da kaka, bayan girbi. Tare da ƙarewa mai ƙarfi na ƙasa, yawan saukowa ya karu har zuwa sau 4. An yi amfani da tsire-tsire don wadatar da ƙasa nan da nan kafin karɓar amfanin gona na yanzu, amma dasa shuki a cikin fall zai hana yin bushewa ko kuma yawan daskarewa na kasar gona a cikin hunturu.
A cikin watanni na bazara, an dasa wannan gefen bayan an fara dusar ƙanƙara, ko da yawan zazzabi yana ƙasa 0 ° C. Wannan amfanin gona yana girma kuma ya tsufa sosai da sauri - don haka an lalata kimanin makonni 2 kafin a dasa shuka.
Don jawo hankalin masu shayarwa na kudan zuma, ana shuka shukin a farkon marigayi ko farkon lokacin rani. A wannan yanayin, ana dasa ta tsakanin gadaje na manyan shuke-shuke. 
Lokacin da za a dasa shuki a cikin fall - kowace gonar ya yanke shawarar kansa. Ana iya dasa phacelia nan da nan bayan girbi (a cikin tsakiyar kaka), da kuma bayan kirka lambun kayan lambu. Babban abu - don samun lokaci zuwa kasa da al'adun kafin snow.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan girbi dankali, dole ne a shuka shuki a nan gaba - in ba haka ba ƙasa zata zama matalauta kuma za'a iya matsawa.
Yadda za a shuka
A lokacin da dasa shuki shuke-shuke akwai wasu dokoki:
- Rage shuka ba fiye da 200 g da 1 hectare na lambu kayan lambu.
- Ƙasa ba ta zama mai bushe ba, idan akwai fari mai tsanani ya fi kyau ruwa ruwa (idan dasa ya faru a lokacin rani, sa'an nan a lokacin bazara da kaka ba lallai ba ne a ruwa).
- Yin nimi kafin shuka ba'a buƙatar - duk da haka, yana da amfani ga dan kadan ya sassauta ƙasa.
- Ana buƙatar tsaba a cikin ƙasa kamar wata centimeters - tare da iska mai karfi, ƙananan ƙwayoyin shuka za a iya sauƙaƙe kawai daga shafin.
Phacelia sauƙin yaduwa, don haka tsaba ba sa buƙatar rigakafi ko sauran aiki. Za ka iya ajiyewa a kan phacelia tsaba don nan gaba. Don haka, an shuka amfanin gona a wani wuri dabam, daga gonar (don haka tsaba ba su crumble a kan gadaje kuma kada kuyi haɗuwa da tsaba na wasu tsire-tsire). Sa'an nan kuma kana bukatar ka jira cikakken maturation na siderata - game da mako 6-7th bayan saukowa. Bayan phacelia ottsvetet, an yanke shi da bushe. Yankin da aka yanka yana da kyau sosai kuma an samo tsaba.Shin kuna sani? A cikin duka, akwai nau'o'i 75 na phacelia a matsayin al'ada - duk da haka, a cikin aikin kawai nau'o'in 3 kawai ana amfani da su: murmushi-mai siffar, tayi da kuma pizhmolistny.
Yadda za a kula
Wani darajar wannan al'ada shi ne unpretentiousness. Ganye ba ta buƙatar kulawa na musamman - bazai buƙata a shayar da shi sosai ko kare shi daga iska. Bayan makonni uku, za'a iya shuka amfanin gona a gonar shuka. Tsire-tsire irin su strawberries, barkono, raspberries, tumatir, ana shuka su kai tsaye tsakanin sideratom. Ta wannan hanyar, phacelia zai kare ƙananan, m shuka mai tushe daga iska, zafi, ko overdrying. Duk da haka, kafin dasa shuki dankali, albasa, seleri (wadanda tsire-tsire waɗanda 'ya'yan itatuwa ke tsiro a cikin ƙasa), dole ne a yanke inji. 
Lokacin da za a yanka kore
Lokacin da za a tsaftace labarun zai dogara da abin da manufar saukowa. Idan an dasa phacelia don jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma, ya kamata a wanke shi kuma a sake sakewa yayin da yake fure. Lokacin da aka shuka a ƙarshen lokacin rani - har zuwa farkon kaka (don mayarwa da wadatar da ƙasa), an cire phacelia kafin amfanin gonakin hunturu. Tsayar da phacelia ga lokacin hunturu yana nuna farkon hawansa a cikin bazara - a wannan yanayin an yanke shi kafin dasa shuki albarkatu. Baza a iya yanke kullun bazara na gefen siderata ba, kuma barin ƙananan mai tushe - wannan zai kare kyawawan amfanin gona mai zafi daga bushewa.
Don bunkasa ba wai kawai kashin saman ƙasa ba, toka tana da digiri a matakan cike da ƙanshi - wannan nau'i na kirki zai wadata da sassauta ƙasa kafin dasa shuki tafarnuwa ko albasa.
Daidaitaccen darajar phacelia a matsayin haɗin gwiwar da zai yiwu ba za a kara wani taki ko ma'adanai ba ga ƙasa - idan aka dasa shuki sau 3-4 a shekara, wannan zai zama kyakkyawan tabbacin samun albarkatun gonaki da wadataccen kyakkyawan ƙasa.
