Basil wata shuka ce ta ƙaunatacce da ta girma da yawa a cikin rani da gidajen lambun zafi da kuma gida. Duk da haka, jin dadi mai ban sha'awa na basil yana son ba kawai ga mutane ba, har ma ga dukan kwari kwari. Rashin shuka da cutar.
A cikin wannan labarin, zamu dubi yawan cututtukan da ke faruwa a cikin basil, ya gaya muku yadda za ku sarrafa su, kuma ku gaya muku dalilin da yasa ganye sukayi launin rawaya, da kuma bushe, da kuma abin da za a yi a wannan yanayin.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na kowa
Daga cikin cututtuka na shuka mafi sau da yawa akwai yellowing, karkatarwa da kuma faduwa da ganye, cututtuka na fungal kamar fusarium, kafar fata, ƙwayar launin toka. Bari muyi la'akari dalla-dalla game da kowace cuta.
- Farin ganye. Kowa daya daga haske da cikakken launin kore canza launi zuwa rawaya. Ba shi yiwuwa a lura. Ƙananan zai iya juya launin rawaya saboda sakamakon ƙarancin ƙasa da ƙananan ƙarfe. Magani: ciyar da ƙasa, kuma mafi alhẽri a shuka a cikin tukunya.
- Fuskar takarda. Ganye suna lankwasawa cikin ciki, ba tare da canza launi ba. Haka kuma za a iya lalacewa saboda yanayin nau'ikan. Musamman ma yawancin ganye suna nunawa tsakanin manyan nau'un da aka yalwata. Har ila yau, yadun ganye zasu iya faruwa a lokacin da ƙasa ta zama maushi. Don canja halin da ake ciki yana buƙatar rage mita na ban ruwa.
- Leaf fada. Abu ne mai sauƙi in lura idan akwai matsewar ganye a kusa da flower. Dry ganye da kuma fada kashe mafi sau da yawa saboda rashin danshi. Maganin shine bayyane: ruwa sau da yawa.
- Cututtuka na fungal:
- Black kafa. Yana rinjayar tushe na shuka kusa da rhizome. Yana da sauƙi a lura, kamar yadda yankin da aka zaɓa ya yi duhu kuma daga baya ya zama taushi, ya fadi. Ƙaƙarin mai baƙar fata na baki kafa shi ne naman gwari da yake wanzu a kowace ƙasa. Black kafa na faruwa a lokacin da acidity na kasar gona ya kara kuma yawan watering. Nan da nan cire kayan shuka wanda ya shafi. Sanya ruwa a kan cikakken rasberi bayani na potassium permanganate. A lokuta masu ci gaba, tare da shan kashi na rukuni na shuke-shuke, Topaz ko Fitosporin za'a iya amfani da su.
- Fusarium Yana rinjayar ganye, akwai nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, wasu lokuta baƙi. Lissafi na iya juya baki, curl. Mai wakilci shine Fugusia naman gwari. A hankali, cututtukan suna sa stem ya zama baƙar fata, kuma dukkanin tsire-tsire suna nunawa. Fusarium yana faruwa ne saboda haɗuwa da yawan zazzabi da high zafi. A farkon alamar albasa kwasfa jiko yana da kyau tare da cutar. Husk ya zuba ruwan zãfi a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 4 kuma ya dage ranar. Sada shuke-shuke da ya shafa tare da maganin.
- Gishiri mai laushi. Ya bayyana daga naman gwari Botrytis cinerea kuma ya fara shafan ganye, ya yada a cikin tsire-tsire. Ya fara da kamannin launin launin launin fata a kan ganye, kuma ya ƙare tare da samuwar cannon mai launin toka, wanda yake da wuya a gani.
Gishiri mai laushi sau da yawa yakan bayyana a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses saboda kasancewar condensate, sharan gona, da kuma sauran yalwa wanda naman gwari shine wakili.
Yana da muhimmanci. Da farko, lallai ya zama dole don yaki da launin toka a madara: kada ku dasa basil a wuri guda, aiwatar da tsaba kafin dasa shuki a cikin ɗan gajeren ruwan hoda mai potassium, wanda ya hana tsutsa cikin tsirrai, ruwa daidai.
Kwaro da kuma kula da su
Aphid
Mafi yawan mabukaci na basil, banda mutum, shi ne aphid na kowa. Yi la'akari da cewa shuka shi ne irin wannan kwaro zai taimaka bayyanar basil. Cibiyar da ya shafi abin da ya faru ya shafe, da kara ba ya girma. Wannan ya faru ne saboda fashi juye-gizon aphid. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, aphid ya fita a bayan wani sashin sugary, wanda shine kyakkyawan matsakaici don ci gaban naman gwari.
Aphids ba su yarda da kayan ado na wormwood, barkono mai zafi, albasa, dandelion, yarrow, tafarnuwa, tumatir da dankalin turawa, da mustard. An aiwatar game da sau uku tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 7-12.
Field bug
A filin bug, kamar aphid, likes to cin abinci a kan Basil ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Haka kuma za'a iya samuwa a cikin bayyanar: ganye suna maras kyau, aibobi masu launin suna bayyana akan farfajiya. Fiye da lokaci, spots darken. Hanyar magance wannan kwari suna kama da hanyoyi na kawar da aphids.
Slugs
Slugs suna so su ci a kan matasa harbe na Basil. Ana iya ganin su tare da ido mara kyau. Wadannan abubuwa kadan ne wanda yayi kama da kananan katantanwa ba tare da harsashi ba. Slugs ba su jure wa barci ba. Zaku iya yada shi a kan saukowa. Hanyoyi masu dacewa don magance layi. Lemun tsami yana aiki mai zafi a kan slugs, wannan hanya ne mai banƙyama. Na farko, babban launi na fata ya kwashe, kuma a rana ta biyu sun mutu. Har ila yau slugs da na halitta abokan gaba: toads da hedgehogs.
Caterpillars hunturu scoops
Caterpillars na tsaka-tsakin hunturu sun bayyana kusa da tsire-tsire iri iri. Kwayoyin daji sukan yalwata musu, kuma kullun basu kula da cin ganye ba. Zaka iya sassauta kasar gona don halakar da kwalliyar caterpillars. Gwajiyar wormwood jiko na iya zama tasiri.
Khrushchi
Hruschi yakan sabawa tsarin tushen tsire-tsire. Suna zaune a cikin ƙasa a zurfin 15 centimeters kuma ku ci tushen kusan duk abin da ke tsiro.
Yana da muhimmanci! Khrushchi sune larvae na Mayu, amma suna rikicewa da tagulla-larvae na tagulla. Ana biye na biyu a cikin Red Book kuma suna amfana da tsire-tsire kawai, tun da sun juya duniya zuwa humus.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta cinyewa shine zurfin digiri na duniya da kuma lalacewa ta injiniya.
Yana kama da Khrushchi:
Tsarin kariya
Hakika Ba shi yiwuwa a kare gonar daga cututtuka da kwari, amma zaka iya ƙoƙarin rage hasara:
- Sau ɗaya a mako, kula da ƙasa tare da toka na bishiyoyin bishiyoyi.
- Gyara ƙasa.
- A kowace shekara, kafin dasa shuki, tono zurfin ƙasa.
- Samar da oxygen samun dama ga tsire-tsire.
- Matsakaicin abincin.
- Cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da sauri.
A cikin labarin mun yi ƙoƙarin tattara abubuwa masu mahimmanci da kayan aiki game da cututtuka da kwari na basil, da kuma hanyoyi na rigakafi da magani. Muna fata cewa mai karatu ya samo bayanan da ya dace kuma basil zai bunkasa lafiya da dadi!
