Na dogon lokaci, masu kula da lambu sun mayar da hankalinsu ga farfadowa masu kwarewa da yawa masu yawa na "Gida". Gaskiya ya cancanci kulawa saboda kayan dadi mai kyau, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau da amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na duniya.
Tarihin ƙira
"Gida" (asalin tarihi) an fassara shi daga Turanci a matsayin "al'adun". A shekara ta 1969, irin wannan nau'in iri-iri ne mai ban sha'awa a Cornell University a New York. Hanyoyin iri-iri sun bambanta daga ƙananan shuka ta hanyar karɓar albarkatu masu yawa daga gare ta. A cikin fall, da berries a kan bushes iya ci gaba da samar da ko da a lokacin lokacin sanyi gishiri.
Bayani na daji
A cikin bayanin irin nau'in gyare-gyare na gine-ginen da ake sarrafawa, yana da kyau a nuna cewa an rarrabe shi ta hanyar karamin, amma tsayi da tsayi. Tsayin daji ya kai mita 1.5-2. Wannan iri-iri yana da karfi da tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences, dan kadan ya tashi a tushe kuma suna a cikin ɓangaren sama na harbe. 
An kafa harbe a matsakaici, tsaye a tsaye, daji yana da tsayi mai tsawo. Ganye yana da duhu kore, ƙananan girman, wrinkled da oblong, tare da ma'ana a ƙarshen leaf plate. A cikin wannan jaka, matsakaicin tsalle, launin launin duhu ne a kan harbe.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai labari cewa a zamanin duni rasberi berries sune fari. Amma lokacin da yarinyar Zeus ya yanke shawara ya bi shi da wannan kirki mai dadi, sai ta ɗora hannunta a kanji kuma ya yayyafa 'ya'yan ta da jini, bayan haka sun kasance ja har abada.
Hoto Bayanan
Ƙananan berries suna da matsakaici, nau'i daya, 3-4 grams kowace. Cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da launi mai duhu da kuma siffar mazugi daidai. Kamar wasu rasberi iri, lafiya-grained berries suna da dadi da kuma dadi dandano, arziki ƙanshi da kuma kadan sourness. 
Ƙara koyo game da wasu nau'o'in gyaran gishiri: "Hercules", "Atlant", "Gusar", "Caramel", "Polka", "Yellow Giant".
Bukatun Lighting
Wurin da kake shirin shuka wannan iri-iri ya kamata a yi kyau. Idan shafin zai cika ko inuwa mai duhu, 'ya'yan itacen zai kara girma, kuma bishiyoyi ba zasu kawo girbi ba.
Bukatun shara
Kasashen mafi kyau don ci gaban raspberries wata ƙasa ce da tsaka-tsakin acidity ko kadan acidic ƙasa. Yi la'akari da wannan lokacin dasa, tun da shi ne acidity na kasar gona wanda yake da muhimmiyar mahimmanci don bunkasa shuke-shuke na wannan iri-iri. Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance mai laushi da m. Rasberi "Heriteydzh" daidai dace matsakaici da haske sod-podzolic kasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! A kan mãkirci tare da raspberries kada ya kasance wani wuce haddi na danshi, don haka kada ku dasa bushes a cikin lowlands ko a wuraren da ruwa stagnates.Don shuka seedlings a cikin bazara, shirya ƙasa a cikin fall. Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka a cikin fall, aiki a kan ƙasa wata daya kafin dasa. Ana iya wadatar da ƙasa tare da kwayoyin abubuwa da ma'adinai na ma'adinai akan cewa 30-40 g na potassium sulphate, 12 kilogiram na takin gargajiya da kuma 50-60 g na kayan phosphoric dole ne a shafi 1 square mita na ƙasar.
Lokacin cin abinci
Lokacin flowering na bushes farawa a rabi na biyu na watan Yuli. Daga farkon kakar girma zuwa flowering ba fiye da kwanaki sittin ba. Da farko, furanni furanni a kan babba na harbe, to, waɗanda suke cikin tsakiyar, kuma ƙananan rassan rassan sun fara girma. Ganye yana da furanni samoplodnye, wanda daga pollination ta kansa pollen daidai gyara 'ya'yan itace.
Gestation lokacin
Daga rabi na biyu na watan Agusta ya fara farawa na 'ya'yan' '' kayan '' 'kayan' ya'yan itace. Fruit wannan iri-iri har zuwa farkon rabin Oktoba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba za su iya fadawa daga bishiya ba har tsawon lokaci, kuma a cikin tsararren tsari an adana su har zuwa makonni biyu a babban matakin zafi da kuma alamar zazzabi ba tare da wucewa +4 ° C.
Yawo
A matsakaici, ɗayan shuka zai iya tarawa 3 kg, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau da kulawa, yawan aiki zai iya karuwa zuwa 5 kg. Sabili da haka, yawan amfanin gona na rassan rassan suna da tsayi sosai idan aka kwatanta da wasu, ba mawuyacin iri ba, iri iri, tun da yake yana yiwuwa a cire ba daya, amma amfanin gona guda biyu na 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ingancin wannan shuka.
Transportability
Berries na wannan iri-iri ne halin da kyau juriya ga sufuri. Suna ci gaba da gabatar da su don dogon lokaci kuma basu rasa dandano.
Shin kuna sani? Raspberries - tsohuwar Berry na Ukraine. An dasa bishiyoyi na farko a Rasha karkashin jagorancin Yuri Dolgoruky.
Tsayayya ga yanayin muhalli da cututtuka
A cikin halayyar "Gidan" kayan lambu ya kamata ka nuna kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban da kwari. Duk da haka, akwai kwari wanda ba zai iya watsar da wannan Berry ba. Shoot ko ganye aphid - ƙananan kwari na koren launi. Yana ciyarwa a kan sap na ganye, yawanci suna zaune a kananan kungiyoyi a baya na takarda leaf. Saboda haka, adadin ovaries za a iya ragewa, ci gaba da harbe yana tsayawa, ganye ya bushe ko ya juya rawaya. 
Wani kwaro na kowa shine rasberi irin ƙwaro. Yana da jiki mai launin toka-launin fata, ba fiye da 6 mm ba. Mace na wannan kwari yana saran buds kuma ya shimfiɗa qwai a ciki. Girma-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire a kan masana'anta na buds da ganye, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar foliage da kuma gaban larvae a cikin 'ya'yan itace a lokacin girbi.
Kara gallitsa - ƙananan tsutsa tare da launi orange da jiki tsawon 2 mm. Yana rayuwa kuma yana tsiro a ƙarƙashin haushi, inda yake ciyarwa a kan ruwan daji. Idan wannan cutar ta shafi, a kan karar shuka zai iya ganin swellings tare da diamita na 2-3 cm. A haushi fara crack, harbe ya zama rauni kuma hankali shrink. Rasberi nutcake - Ƙananan kwari wanda ya sanya larvae a kan haushi kusa da kodan. Lokacin da larvae fara cin abinci a kan ruwan 'ya'yan itace rasberi, harbe ya kara, rassan daji ya zama m kuma ƙarshe ya bushe. 
A cikin yaki da kwari za su taimake ka musamman biopreparations, kazalika da pruning shafi rassan da harbe. Yawancin tsire-tsire a cikin wannan aji suna fama da cututtukan fungal - tabo, tsatsa da anthracnose. Spores na purple blotch suna fuskantar hunturu a cikin fadi ganye. Brown da shunayya mai laushi suna fara bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, kuma daga bisani sun bayyana a kan harbe. A ganye wither, rassan juya launin toka, crack da kwasfa.
Anthracnose zai iya kawo iska, tsuntsaye ko kwari. A cikin wannan cututtuka, aibobi masu launi suna bayyana a kan harbe kuma tare da gefuna na ganye. Fusoshin lakaran da aka shafa sun fadi kuma sun fadi.
Rust, kamar sauran cututtukan fungal, rinjayar harbe da foliage. A ƙarshen spring, kananan orange tubercles bayyana a kan ganye da kuma matasa harbe. A cikin kaka a kasan takardar za ka iya ganin duhu. Wannan cuta tana haifar da bushewa da kuma watsewa daga mai tushe. Yana da daraja ambaci cutar viral disease - chlorosis. 
Babban bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka sune ganye a cikin rabi na biyu na rani. Rawan shayi yana fara tare da veins. A karshe, harbe suna miƙawa kuma sunyi rawar jiki, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun bushe har ma kafin su sami lokaci zuwa girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai yiwu a yi amfani da duk wani jami'in tsaro mai sinadari daga cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta kafin flowering farawa.
Frost juriya
Tsayayyar damuwa na hunturu a cikin "Gidan" kayan lambu yana da tsayi sosai, wanda ya ba da damar tsire-tsire su ci nasara a cikin hunturu ko da ba tare da tsari ba a yanayin yanayi. Tsarin tushen cikin sashin tushen zai iya tsayayya har zuwa -20 ° C. Duk da haka, yana da kyau a lura cewa rashin iskar gashi, zafi mai zafi na yankin, lalacewa da cututtuka daban-daban da kwari, zai iya raunana shuka, wanda zai haifar da daskarewa da tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu.
Amfani da berries
'Ya'yan' ya'yan wannan nau'ikan iri iri ne suna nufin manufar duniya. Zaka iya amfani da su ba kawai a cikin sabo ne ba tare da shiri ba, amma kuma don amfani da su don adanawa daban-daban a cikin jam, jams da jams. Ana amfani da itatuwan buro don yin abincin baby, abincin kiwo da ƙanshi da gurasa. 
Ƙarfi da raunana
Gwani
- Matsayi mai girma da karuwar.
- Good sanyi juriya har ma ba tare da warming da tsari na bushes.
- Gishiri mai dadi da ƙanshi na berries, girman girman su, girma guda daya da kuma juyayi.
- Tattaunawa da kyakkyawan tufafin kasuwanci lokacin hawa.
- High isa juriya mafi yawan cututtuka da kwari.
Cons
- Bukatar ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.
- Ci gaba da lura da matakan ƙasa.
- Tare da matsanancin danshi, da berries zasu iya rasa abun ciki sugar.
- Harbe na buƙatar buƙatar wajibi.
Kayan iri iri "Gida" zai zama kyakkyawan kyawawan jari saboda bayyanar da ta dace, yawan aiki mai girma da dandano mai kyau na 'ya'yan itace. Ba abin mamaki ba ta lura da kyakkyawar nazarin yawancin lambu.
