"Ba za mu iya jinkirin jinkai daga dabi'a ba, don mu karɓa daga ita ita ce aikinmu" - kalmomin mashahuriyar nazarin halittu da kuma manoma na I.V. Michurin ya zama alama ce ta dukan lokuta masu amfani da dabi'a ga dukiya na halitta. Ƙarin sha'awar daukar karin jagorancin lalacewar ƙasashe masu laushi da takin mai magani na sinadarai da takin mai magani. Amfani da "taimako na farko" don sake dawowa daga ƙasa shine yawancin tsire-tsire.
Menene darajar sideratov
Wadannan takin gargajiya suna da kaya masu yawa, tabbatar da yin amfani da kayan dadi. 
- Kasancewa a cikin tsutsotsi da wasu kwayoyin halitta suna nuna "lafiyar". Hanyoyi suna da abinci ga waɗannan masu haifuwa da haihuwa.
- Tsarin tushen tsarin wadannan tsire-tsire suna "cire" abubuwa masu ma'adanai daga ƙasa mai zurfi, kuma yana tallafawa ƙasa a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, yana samar da damar samun oxygen.
- Dukan kayan gina jiki na koreran da ake bukata don ci gaba da kuma samar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna haɗuwa da kuma riƙe su a saman tudun duniya, inda tushen tsarin su "wards" yake.
- Masu taimakawa ta Green sun kare ƙasa daga daskarewa a cikin hunturu, da kuma daga cikin zafi mai zafi a lokacin rani, da kuma daga mummunan sakamakon iska da ruwan sama. Dandalin tsabtace tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da dangantaka da tsarkakewa daga ƙasa daga wasu magungunan pathogens da kwari.
- Tsarin lokaci na girma na wadannan "mai da takin mai magani" masu ban mamaki a kan cikakkun yankunan da ba su da kyau, ƙare, ƙasashe masu ɓarna, yana iya mayar da ikon su na samar da abinci.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙungiyar yankuna suna yin ayyuka na musamman akan nau'o'in kasa: suna ƙarfafa yashi, kuma clayey ya rabu.
- Za'a iya amfani da tsire-tsire mai girma a matsayin mai amfani da kayan abinci da kuma abincin man fetur.
- Tsarin gefe ba sa bari weeds su bayyana a ƙasarsu.
- Wadannan takin gargajiya sunyi nasarar magance acidification na kasar gona, sunada su da nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur. Ana iya amfani da su azaman taki na ruwa don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Alfalfa a matsayin siderat: ribobi da fursunoni
Daya daga cikin wakilai mafi girma daga jerin sassan da ke gefe shine alfalfa - al'adar gargajiya na iyalin legume.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin yanayin, an san fiye da 100 na jinsin daji da kuma nau'in halitta na wannan shuka.
A cikin ni'imar girma alfalfa a matsayin siderata ya ce da dama daga gare ta halaye masu kyau.
- Ta, kamar dukkan legumes, wani kyakkyawan kantin sayar da nitrogen. Wannan tsari ne na ci gaba, kuma tushen sa da tsire-tsire masu yawa suna da muhimmanci.
- Tsarin tsarin da aka gina sosai, shiga cikin ƙasa, yana samar da kwaskwarima ta iska da danshi.
- Wannan ganye ba ta buƙatar yanayi na musamman a lokacin girma. Yana da sanyi: da zafin jiki don germination zai iya kaiwa 3-5 digiri. Kullum watering ba ya buƙatar, kamar yadda tushen samar da shi da danshi. Saboda haka zamu iya cewa wannan shuka shine fari. Kuma bayan ruwan sama, rubutun kayan aikin zai wuce duk tsammanin.
- Daya daga cikin kaddarorin masu amfani da alfalfa a matsayin gefe ɗaya za a iya kira shi ikonsa na gyara ƙasa. Kuma dangane da saturation da kwayoyin halitta, wannan injin itace daidai da taki.
- Idan kuka girma alfalfa fiye da shekaru biyu, zaka iya inganta yanayin jihar da aka ƙãre, watsi da ƙasa. A lokacin da aka yanka a shekara ta farko, ƙasar za ta amfana, amma ba za a yi amfani da ƙwayar kore taki ba.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin shekarar farko na ci gaba, asalin alfalfa yayi girma zuwa mita 1.5-2. A shekara ta biyu, sun shiga cikin zurfin mita 3-4. Kuma idan wannan tsire-tsire ya kasance a wani yanki na tsawon lokaci, to, tsayin sabbin iya kai mita 10.
Tare da abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, wannan al'ada yana da abubuwan da ke tattare da shi ko kuma abubuwan da suka dace.
- Abincin shuka yana da tsada da tsada, wanda ke tsiro kowace shekara.
- Wata na fari bayan shuka shine mafi wuya a lokacin zamani, wanda aka dauka sosai tsawon lokaci. Yana buƙatar isasshen ruwa, ba a buɗe ba. A karkashin wasu yanayi, alfalfa ba zai iya hawa ba, ko hawa wurare.
- Yin shuka wannan mai kula da kayan lambu a kan ruwan acidic ko saline yana buƙatar aikace-aikacen lime. In ba haka ba, wannan shuka ba zai ba da kayan lambu mai yawa ba, sabili da haka tasirin zamansa a kan wannan gonar za a rage shi zuwa ƙarami.
Tsire-tsire irin su hatsi, buckwheat, mustard, phacelia, da kuma lupine ana amfani dashi a matsayin takin mai magani.
Noma fasaha
Kamar yadda a kowace kasuwanci, a cikin hanyar girma alfalfa a matsayin kore taki, akwai wasu bukatun don wannan fasaha.
Abin da amfanin gona ya shuka
Don samun iyakar iyakar amfanin gonar ƙasa, ya kamata ka tuna cewa akwai tsire-tsire masu "alaƙa", amma akwai '' 'antagonists' 'marasa daidaituwa. Wannan alama yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da lokacin yanke shawarar yin amfani da taki kore a kan wani makami. Lucerne an shuka mafi kyau bayan masara, dankali, amfanin gona na hunturu, da kuma amfanin gona. A kan waɗannan ƙasa, to, kabeji, radishes, radish, tumatir, auduga, da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za su ba da girbi mai ban mamaki. 
Yaushe kuma yadda za a shuka siderat
Kafin kayi amfani da alburfan alfalfa a matsayin gefen gefe, ya kamata ka gano lokacin da za ka shuka su da kyau kuma yadda zaka shirya kasa. A lokacin kaka, an zaba wurin da aka zaba don wannan dalili a cikin zurfin 25-30 cm Idan ya nuna cewa wannan yanki yana da babban acidity ko saline, to amma ana bada shawara don gudanar da ƙyama ko yin gypsum kafin yin wasa.
A cikin idon ruwa, ana yin mummunan aiki don daidaita yanayin ƙasa kuma yana riƙe da danshi, sannan an shuka alfalfa. Tun da wasu daga cikin nau'o'in suna da kananan tsaba, domin su rarraba su a bisa ƙasa, ana yin su don yin shi tare da yashi. Shuka na farko na hatsi, tsayayye, sa'an nan kuma an yi watsi da sauƙi na tsaba.
Rashin jigon albarkatun alfalfa ba zai wuce 2 cm ba, sau da yawa, bayan shuka, don ƙaddamar da ƙasa a wannan yanki, mai ban mamaki ko kayan aikin gida ya wuce. Tun da wannan injin yana da nasarori ne kuma a cikin shekaru biyu da shekaru masu zuwa, ya fi dacewa a shuka shi a ƙasashen da ba a kula ba.
Za ku iya shuka alfalfa a matsayin mai hankali daga bazara zuwa kaka. Babban yanayin da ya kamata a shuka germination - kasancewar danshi. Ya fi dacewa har yanzu harkar ciyawa a farkon spring. Hakika, bayan hunturu, kasar gona ta cika cikakke da ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don mafi kyau shuka, ana shuka 'ya'yan itacen alfalfa a rana kuma ta hanyar inganci sun karya mutuncin harsashi.
Yadda za a kula
Cigabawar moistening na alfalfa plantings iya haifar da rare sprouting na bushes. Yawancin lokaci isasshen ruwan haɗi yakan shiga daga cikin sifofi kuma ta hanyar tushen tsarin daga zurfin launi na duniya. Zai yiwu a kara adadin flowering tare da gyaran ma'adinai kafin dasa shuki al'ada. Abin baƙin ciki shine, yana da alaka da fatal mildew, tabo, fusarium. A farkon alamun cutar ya kamata a bi da bi da sauri Bordeaux ruwa. 
Lokacin da za a yanka
A karo na farko kore taki blooms 50-60 days bayan shuka. Lokaci ne a wannan lokacin dole ne a ɗaure shi kuma a bar shi don juyawa, ko aka tattara a kan takin, ko amfani da shi don ciyar da dabbobi. Alfalfa afterblown zai Bloom a 30-40 days. Babu wani hali da ya kamata mu hana magungunan wannan al'ada na al'ada daga hardening, saboda zai zama da wuya a gabatar da mai karfi mai tushe a cikin ƙasa a matsayin taki taki. Lokaci na canji zai jinkirta kuma ba zai kawo sakamako da ake bukata ba a cikin lokacin da ake so.
Tsaya ga fasaha na shuka shukaccen abu, shiriyar ƙasa, gyaran gona, kulawa mai kyau da kuma tsire-tsire ta gari zai taimaka wajen bunkasa aikin alfalfa, sabili da haka wadatar da kasar gona da kayan abinci, ƙãra yawan amfaninta.
