Dukkanin manyan gidaje da lambuna suna da sha'awar noman dankalin turawa. Tun da yawancin Russia suna da ƙananan raunin gado, ana sanya wannan factor a kan gaba.
A yanayin rashin ingantaccen aikin gona da yanayin yanayin rashin sanin tabbas, ba zai dace ba cewa lokaci da ƙoƙarin noma ƙasa, shuka, har zuwa, noma, da sarrafa kwari da kwari sun zama gona mai mahimmanci - ƙasa da abin da aka shuka, wanda bai dace da abinci da ajiya ba, saboda tubers bai yi girma zuwa girman da ya dace ba.
Sabili da haka, zaɓin dankali muhimmin aiki ne, yana buƙatar bincike mai zurfi game da halayen namo, yawan aiki, kayyakin abinci. Wani lokaci zai ɗauki shekaru da yawa don zaɓar mafi dacewa iri don musamman yankin.
Sai ya faru da cewa mai kyau, dadi, dankalin turawa, mai albarka a cikin wani lambu daban ba ya nuna ta ayyana halaye.
Wataƙila a gare shi ƙasa ta yi yawa ko ma, yana iya zama, ana gina jiki da yawa. Ko iri-iri baya jure wa danshi, kuma rukunin yana da kasa, marshy. Yana da mahimmanci a bi dokoki na jujjuyawar amfanin gona da saka idanu tsabtar kayan iri. Ba don komai ba ne cewa masu shayarwa kowace shekara suna fitar da sabbin irin dankalin turawa.
Kimanin nau'ikan dankalin turawa iri-iri 300 suna girma a kai a kai a yankuna daban-daban.
Tsarin dankalin Turawa
Dankali irin ta bambanta cikin balaga: farkon, tsakiyar da marigayi ripeness.
Typesanyan dankali na farko, waɗanda ke farawa a tsakiyar bazara, suna ba da fruitsa fruitsan -a fruitsan cike da sashi a yankin tsakiyar. Kafin dasa shuki, an sanya tsaba a cikin iska don kafa tsiro tare da ganyayyaki kore kuma aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa idan ta tashi da kyau (zuwa +12 ° C), kuma matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun zai zama +15 ° C.
Harbi zai bayyana kwanaki 14 bayan dasawa, kuma ana iya girbe farkon tumakin wasu kiwo a ranar 40-45. Irin wannan dankali yana iya isa ga ƙarfin fasaha kafin faɗuwar dare, hazo da raɓa. Sabili da haka, yana da ƙasa mai saukin kamuwa da cututtukan baya da cututtukan fungal.
Abinda kawai shine shine bai dace da dogon ƙarya ba, ana buƙatar cinye shi nan da nan bayan rami.
Kuna iya ƙayyade shiri na tubers ta bayyanar daji. Idan ganyayyaki ya juya ya zama rawaya ya fara tono, mai tushe ya danne, ya kwanta ya bushe, sa’annan ya daina bunƙasa shuka, dankali ya farfado. Kasantuwarta a cikin ƙasa ba zai ƙara rayuwa ta shiryayye ba.
Hagu mai tsawo a cikin ƙasa, dankali na sabon amfanin gona na iya fara zuwa. Sabili da haka, tarin sa, kamar saukowa, dole ne a yi kan lokaci.
Idan ƙwayayen sun girma zuwa girman 3-6 cm a diamita, dankali ya dace da dafa abinci.
Ana hukunci da ɗanɗanar dankali ta yadda ake kamanta shi da soya, dafa abinci, dafa abinci. Abinda yafi dacewa shine cewa baya lalacewa gaba daya, amma yana dafa abinci da sauri har sai da laushi, an zaɓi mafi girman tsarin girma. Ba a yi nasara ba waɗanda ke da ruwa, "sauƙaƙe" daidaituwa.
An dafa shi da sitaci, ya dace da masara mai masara, tare da nama mai laushi - don miya da don soya. Universal, alal misali, ita ce Picasso. 'Ya'yan itãcensa, suna laushi, mai laushi. Abu ne mai sauki mu wanke da tsabta. Daidai ko da siffar za ta yi kwano na talakawa Boiled dankali da kyau.
Shahararren nau'ikan dankali don yankin Moscow da tsakiyar Rasha
Tsarin tsakiya na Rasha ana san shi ne ta hanyar canjin ɗan ƙasa kuma yana wadatar da hazo, ƙasa ana santa da babban zafi. Yanayin yanayi na yanayi yanada sakaci. Babu tsaka-tsakin yanayin zafi, bushewa da sanyi mai tsananin tsawo.
Matsakaicin matsakaita na yau da kullun a cikin lokacin dumi yana daga + 17 ... +23 ° C. Daidaitaccen ruwan sama shine mm 500-750 a shekara. Babu tsawaitar ruwa sama sosai, akai-akai.
Lokacin lambun yana daga Mayu zuwa Satumba. Tsawon lokacin awoyi daga 14.5 zuwa 17.5 hours. Mafi yawan ƙasar noma - podzolic da peatlands. Yanayin ya fi dacewa da namo dankali. Yankunan karkara suna da yanayin yanayi mai kyau tare da ruwan sama, lokacin bazara da lokacin sanyi.
Yankunan da suka dace da irin waɗannan sigogi ana yankansu, tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci na farfadowa, mai tsayayya ga sanyi da cututtuka, mai saurin damuwa ga yanayin yau da kullun da yanayi na yanayi, mai jure yanayin zafi da fari.
An yi la’akari da shahararrun mutane: Nevsky, Lugovsky, Zhukovsky, Romano, Aurora, Latona, Bela Rosa, Sineglazka, Luck da sauransu.
Yana da kyawawa cewa ya kusanci kowace ƙasa, cewa an adana shi sosai, ba ya ba da tsiro kuma ya yi nasara don dafa abinci, soya, da sauransu. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yawan amfanin ƙasa na farkon zai zama ƙasa, matsakaici - a gaba, mafi girma - a cikin irin matsakaiciyar matsakaici.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan dankalin turawa don tsakiyar Rasha sun kai yawan amfanin ƙasa na 200-300 har ma har zuwa 600 kilogiram na ɗari murabba'in mita. Bambance-bambancensu suna cikin lokacin shuka da farfadowa, yaduwar su ko juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban, dandano, rayuwar shiryayye, ajiya, girman da launi na tubers.
Harabi'ar Dankali ta Farko
| Digiri | Ripening kwanakin (kwana) | Tuber | Siffofin | Girbi (kilogiram kilogram ɗari) | |
| Adretta | 60-80 | 60-80 g - nauyin kowane. Fata mai rawaya mai duhu, jiki mai launi iri ɗaya. | Danshi mai jure sanyi, yana bada girbi mai kyau koda a lokacin sanyi da kuma lokacin bazara. | 450 | |
| Idaho | daga 50 | M, zagaye, cikakken lebur. | Ya ƙunshi carbohydrates da sitaci da yawa, waɗanda ke da kyawawan dandano. | 500 | |
| Bela Rosa | daga 40 | Manyan, m, ruwan hoda, nauyi zuwa 500g. Dakin cin abinci, mai dadi. | Ya fi son hadu kasar gona. A cikin yankuna masu zafi tare da lokacin bazara, ana girbe amfanin gona guda 2. | 350 | |
| Vyatka | 50-60 | Gashin sashin fari, har zuwa 140 g. | Tsayayya daga ƙarshen bacci da sauran cututtuka. Girbi, ƙasa. | 400 | |
| Gala | 75 | Zagaye, ƙarami, fata da nama suna da rawaya mai haske. | Jamusanci iri-iri, ya ƙunshi ɗan sitaci da carotene da yawa. Amfani da shi cikin abincin abinci, kyakkyawan iyawa. | ||
| Zhukovsky | 55-60 | Babban, fari a ciki, ba ya yin duhu bayan yankan. | Ya dace da sufuri, an ajiye shi sosai, ba mai kula da lalacewa da cuta ba. | 450 | |
| Latona | 45-75 | Babban, haske rawaya a ciki. | Ba shi da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka, mai tsayayya da yanayin yanayi, an adana shi kuma yana hawa. | 350 | |
| Jahar fari | 60 | Ruwan hoda-shunayya, sifar ƙaƙƙarfan ado ce. Har zuwa 'ya'yan itãcen marmari 15 a daji, nama mai kirim | Fari fari, m. | 350 | |
Sanannen Midanyan Tsakanin Kasuwancin Midland
| Digiri | Ripening kwanakin (kwana) | Tuber | Siffofin | Girbi (kilogiram kilogram ɗari) |
| Gingerbread mutum | 90-100 | Zagaye, ba tare da rami da manyan idanu ba, fata ba ta da wuya. A ciki akwai rana. | Tsayayya da yanayi mai tsauri, amma yana fama da cutar rashin kumburi. Ya kasance kan tebur maki. | har zuwa 250 |
| Nevsky | 75-90 | M, tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara mau kirim, mai daɗi. Dankali 15 sun yi girma a daji. | Elite, girma ko'ina, a kowane yanayi, rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin cuta, haƙuri haƙuri. | 350 |
| Raba | 75-100 | M m, wani lokacin launin ruwan kasa, babba, nauyi - 400 g. | Ba mai yiwuwa ga cuta, kyawawan halayen dafa abinci, a lokacin dafa abinci. | 390 |
| Sante | 70-90 | Fata ta fata da cibiya. M dandano, adana na dogon lokaci. | Kawo daga Holland, kusan ba ya yin rashin lafiya. Babu takin da ake buƙata. | 300-600 |
| Matsawa | 90-100 | Manyan, lebur, sitaci. Tebur, ana amfani dashi don samar da sitaci. | Universal, Hardy, danshi-ƙauna. Ya ta'allaka ne da adanawa har sai lokacin bazara, mai jure yanayin bazara. | 350-460 |
| Tuleevsky | 80 | Fata da zuciyar suna da rawaya, ba na ruwa ba, nauyi 200-300 g. | Hybrid na Kanad da kuma zaɓi na Rasha. Girma a cikin Rasha | 180-300 |
| Sa'a | 90 | Girma na matsakaici, kwasfa na bakin ciki, fararen fata, marmashi mai sashi. | Elite, mai matukar tasiri, yana buƙatar kulawa koyaushe. | har zuwa 950 |
| Fambo | 80 | Launin yashi, madaidaici, m mai laushi. A ciki shine m, tare da dandano mai kyau. | Dace da duk kasa da yanayin damina, Hardy da cututtuka. | har zuwa 450 |
Mafi kyawun Potanyen Dankali na Yankin Tsakiya
| Digiri | Ripening kwanakin (kwana) | Tuber | Siffofin | Girbi (kilogiram kilogram ɗari) |
| Dauphine | 110-120 | Manyan. yin awo 300 g guda 20 akan wani daji. Ba ya rasa halaye na kasuwanci har zuwa watanni 9. | Picky, tsaka tsaki dangane da cututtukan, wanda aka daidaita don wurare masu laima. | 250 |
| Zhuravinka | 100-115 | Zagaye, ja, matsakaici matsakaici, mai daɗi. | Fari-mai tsayayya, ba da fassara. | 520 |
| Zarnitsa | 130 | M, ruwan hoda, launin rawaya. | Dogon ya ta'allaka ne da ajiya, mai daɗi. | 520 |
| Kiwi | 125 | Kwasfa tana da yawan gaske, tauri, kamar kiwi. A ciki fari ne. Ya dace da tafasa “a cikin uniform” - ba zai faɗi baya ba, ba zai tsage ba, an tsabtace shi da kyau. | Yana girma akan ƙasa daban-daban, a shirye don yanayin yanayin m. Baya ga cututtukan gama gari, ba a shafa shi da ƙwayar dankalin turawa da ƙwayar cuta ta Colorado. | 400 |
| Nasara | 115-120 | Zagaye zinare, tare da farin nama. Rage abun ciki sitaci. | Elite, yana tsayayya da zafi da ƙarancin fari. | har zuwa 320 |
| Picasso | 110-130 | Pink-fari-rawaya, 100-150 g. | Kyakkyawan kiyayewa, ɗanɗano mai kyau. | 200 |
Mafi kyawun nau'in dankali don yankuna daban-daban
Yankin Rasha yana da faɗi sosai a yankin sa. A zahiri, yanayi da ƙasa a yankuna daban daban. Sabili da haka, ga kowane yanki, an zaɓi dankali na halaye daban-daban.
Don Urals
Mafi kyawun nau'in dankalin turawa don Urals ya zama ƙasa mai saukin kamuwa da canje-canje masu ƙarfi a cikin yanayin yau da kullun, hazo mara kyau, sanyi mai sanyi, da cututtukan halayyar.
Irin waɗannan nau'ikan ana la'akari da Lugovskoy, Bashkir, Bullfinch, Tasiri.
Don Siberiya
A Siberiya, yanayin nahiyar, dusar ƙanƙara na iya afkawa ko da ƙarshen bazara, lokacin rani ba ɗan gajeren lokaci ba ne, kuma yana cike da ruwan sama.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan dankali don Siberia sune farkon Tuleevsky, Nevsky, Luck, Adretta, da dai sauransu.
Ga Tsakiyar Volga
A cikin yankin Volga, yanayin ba shi da tabbas, lokacin dumi ba tare da sanyi ba yana kwana 150 kawai. Iska mai ƙarfi da ɗumbin danshi suna halayyar.
Mafi kyawun iri dake dankali na yankin Volga sune masu jure fari, dole ne a farfado cikin kankanin lokaci. Misali, Zhukovsky da wuri, Volzhanin, Luck, Rocco, da dai sauransu.
Residentswararrun mazaunin rani suna girma akalla nau'ikan 3 a lokaci guda don tsakiyar Rasha. Da wuri - don cin dankali matasa. Daga baya barin ajiya.
Zaɓuɓɓuka galibi ana yinsu ne da ƙarfi. Tun da iri a cikin bangarorin yanayi daban-daban na iya samar da albarkatu daban-daban.
Bugu da ƙari, yakamata a ɗauka a cikin tunanin cewa a cikin kiwo na Dutch, kayan iri suna buƙatar sabunta su a duk shekaru uku, saboda yana rasa kyawawan kaddarorinta.
Theanyen dankalin Turawa daga ƙasashen tsohuwar USSR yana buƙatar sabuntawa kaɗan.
