"Elizabeth" yana da tsohuwar iri-iri iri-iri, wanda mahimman manoma da manoma masu sayarwa suke daraja. Kyakkyawan shuki tare da fararen fata mai kyau suna da kyau don gwaje-gwajen dafuwa, suna da kyau don sayarwa. A iri-iri nuna high yawan amfanin ƙasa, juriya cuta da sauran muhimman halaye.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gabatar da kome game da dankalin turawa na Elizaveta - halaye, hotuna da siffofin daji.
Dankali "Elizabeth": bayanin irin iri-iri, hoto
| Sunan suna | Elizabeth |
| Babban halayen | daya daga cikin tsoffin rukuni na Rasha da mai kyau |
| Gestation lokacin | Kwanakin 65-80 |
| Aminiya abun ciki | 13-14% |
| Mass na kasuwanci tubers | 80-140 gr |
| Yawan tubers a cikin daji | har zuwa 10 |
| Yawo | har zuwa 400 kg / ha |
| Kayan amfani | dandano mai kyau, jiki bai yi duhu ba |
| Abubuwan da suka faru | 93% |
| Skin launi | fararen |
| Pulp launi | fararen |
| Yankuna da suka fi so | Northern, North-Western, Central, Volgo-Vyatsky, Arewacin Caucasian, Far Eastern |
| Cutar juriya | sau da yawa mai saukin kamuwa ga marigayi blight |
| Fasali na girma | tsarin fasaha na zamani |
| Originator | Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Jihar Leningrad Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Kimiyya ta Kimiyya ta "Belogorka" ta Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Rasha tare da "Vsevolozhsk Selection Station" |
Babban fasali na iri-iri:
- Kwayoyin suna da yawa, suna yin la'akari daga 83 zuwa 140 g;
- siffar zagaye-tsaka, tare da maɗaukaki;
- ƙananan ruwa, masu hada kai a cikin girman da nauyi;
- da kwasfa shine rawaya mai launin rawaya ko mai tsami, mai launin launin fata, mai laushi;
- idanu ba su da tsayi, ƙanana, marasa tsabta, maras gani;
- da ɓangaren litattafan almara a kan yanke ne fari;
- Hadin sitaci yana cikin jeri daga 13 zuwa 18%;
- tubers suna da wadata a furotin, amino acid da bitamin.
Ana gabatar da iri-iri "Elizabeth" a cikin wadannan hotuna:
Alamar
A dankalin turawa iri iri "Elizabeth" yana nufin farkon wuri, tebur. Yawan aiki yana da kyau, dangane da yanayin yanayin damuwa da ƙwayar ƙasa, ya bambanta daga 290 zuwa 400 na tsakiya a kowace hectare. A cikin shekaru masu nasara, har zuwa 550 na tsakiya za a iya tattara daga 1 hectare.
A teburin zaka iya ganin yawan amfanin gonar dankali:
| Sunan suna | Yawo |
| Elizabeth | Daga 1 hectare sami har zuwa 400 tsakiya. |
| Juvel | Daga 1 hectare zaka iya tattara fiye da 700 quintals. |
| Meteor | 200 - 400 centin a kowace hectare, dangane da yankin da yanayi. |
| Shekaru arba'in | Daga 1 hectare za a iya tattara daga 200 zuwa 300 quintals. |
| Minerva | Daga 1 hectare tattara daga 200 zuwa 450 centers. |
| Karatop | Zaka iya tarawa 200-500 a kowace hectare. |
| Veneta | Matsakaicin adadi yana da ɗari 300 a kowace hectare. |
| Zhukovsky da wuri | Yawan kimanin 400 a kowace hectare. |
| Riviera | Daga 280 zuwa 450 centers a kowace hectare. |
| Kiranda | Daga 110 zuwa 320 na tsakiya a kowace hectare. |
An kiyaye dankali mai girbi na tsawon watanni ba tare da rasa samfurin kasuwanci ba. Ana iya tafiya. Manya, farin-ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar haske suna da kyau don sayarwa.
Kara karantawa game da lokaci da zafin jiki na ajiyar dankali, game da matsaloli. Kuma game da yadda za a yi shi a cikin hunturu, a kan baranda, a firiji, a cikin zane, tsaftace.
Bushes suna karami, ƙananan, kafa, ƙaddaraccen wuri. Samar da kore taro yana da yawa. Laushi suna da tsaka-tsalle, duhu mai duhu, bazara, tare da gefuna da ƙananan yanki kuma a fili an gano sutura. Corolla yana da fari, m. Fure-fure ba su da yawa, suna faduwa da sauri. Berries ba a daura ba.
An kafa tsarin tushen asali. An kafa harsashi tare a kalla 10 an zaba dankali a karkashin kowane daji. Adadin abin da ba mai amfani ba shi da kadan.
Yawan iri-iri ba shi da kulawa don kulawa, ya har ma za ku iya shuka lambu mara kyau. Tayi shawarar ciyar da ma'adinai ƙwayoyin da kwayoyin halitta, matsakaicin watering da hilling tare da samuwar high ridges. Don sarrafa weeds, amfani da mulching.
Za'a iya fashe na farko da tsirrai a tsakiyar lokacin rani, amma yawan amfanin ƙasa na dankali ya kai ƙarshen kakar girma (70-90 days bayan saukowa). Matan shuka ba zai haifar da degeneration ba, ba'a buƙatar sabuntawa ba. Dankali don dasawa na gaba za'a iya tattara shi da kansa.
"Elizabeth" - wani iri-iri tare da kariya mai kyau. Dankali ba shi da nakasa da ciwon daji ko tsofaffi na al'ada; bushes sunyi tsayayya zuwa blackleg, dabbar nematode na zinariya, da kuma wasu cututtukan fungal. Za a iya haifar da hasken rana ta filaye da tubers, Fusarium da Verticillium, Alternaria.
Dankali ya bambanta daɗin daɗaɗɗa mai kyau, ba tare da bushewa da kuma yawan ruwa ba. Kullun fararen fata bazai yi duhu lokacin da yankan dafa abinci ba. Tubers ne duniya, za su iya zama Boiled, soyayyen, stewed, cushe. Tushen kayan lambu sa mai dadi fries na Faransanci, mai dankali mai yiwuwa.
Asalin
"Elizabeth" - daya daga cikin tsofaffin iri, masu shayarwa ta Rasha. An rajista a cikin Jihar Register of Rasha Federation a 1996. Zoned domin North, North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, North Caucasus, Yankunan Far Eastern.
Shawarar namo a kan filayen amfani da masana'antu, a gonaki da kuma gonaki na sirri na sirri. A iri-iri yana da damuwa da abinci mai gina jiki da kuma yalwa.
Ƙarfi da raunana
Babban fasali na iri-iri sun haɗa da:
- kyakkyawan dandano na albarkatun gona;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- duniya na tubers;
- Kyakkyawan samfurin kayan aiki;
- An adana girbi na dogon lokaci;
- jure wa cututtuka masu girma.
Ba a lura da rashin lafiya a cikin iri-iri. Yawo ya dogara da yanayin yanayin damuwa da darajar kimar ƙasa.
A cikin tebur da ke ƙasa zaka iya kwatanta halaye na Farmer iri-iri tare da wasu nau'in nau'i na farko da nauyin tubers da kiyaye su:
| Sunan suna | Mass of kayayyaki tubers (grams) | Abubuwan da suka faru |
| Elizabeth | 80-140 | 93% |
| Meteor | 100-150 | 95% |
| Minerva | 120-245 | 94% |
| Kiranda | 92-175 | 95% |
| Karatop | 60-100 | 97% |
| Veneta | 67-95 | 87% |
| Zhukovsky da wuri | 100-120 | 92-96% |
| Riviera | 100-180 | 94% |
Fasali na girma
Dankali da shawarar ƙasar a karo na biyu na watan Mayulokacin da kasar gona ta dumi sosai. Da iri-iri suna sha wahala kadan, amma sanyi yana da damuwa. Ana dasa kayan abu ne, an lalata ƙasa sosai, bayan haka aka bi da shi tare da mahadiyar disinfectant.
Dankali ya fi so farar farar ƙasa mai haske. Tsohon humus da itace (zai fi dacewa birch) ash zai taimaka wajen kara yawan abincin sinadirai, an shimfiɗa su cikin ramuka. Ana shuka tsire-tsire a nesa da 35 cm tare da jeri na jere na akalla 70 cm. Zurfin ne ƙananan, game da 10 cm.
Da iri-iri yana da matukar damuwa da nauyin haɓakaccen ƙasa. Ga kakar bushes 2-3 sau hadu da ma'adinai ma'adinai bisa potassium ko magnesium. Ana iya canzawa da takin mai magani tare da diluted mullein ko tsuntsaye.
Kara karantawa game da yadda ake ciyar da dankali, lokacin da yadda za a yi amfani da taki, yadda za a yi shi lokacin dasa.
Tabbatar cewa yanayin ƙasa zai taimaka drip irrigation tsarin. Za ta ajiye saukowa a bushe bushe. Idan akwai wani wuce haddi na danshi, ana iya yayyafa ƙasa da itace ash.
Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don shuka dankali, kuma daga cikinsu akwai masu ban sha'awa.Muna ba ku wani abu mai amfani game da fasaha na Dutch, da noma iri iri da kuma samun amfanin gona ba tare da weeding da hilling ba.
Har ila yau karanta ƙarin game da hanya a karkashin bambaro, cikin ganga, a cikin jaka, a cikin kwalaye.
Dankali "Elizabeth" zai iya samar da manyan furotin. Don ƙarfafa ci gaban su, sati daya kafin su fara girma, kana buƙatar yanke duk gaba. Bayan girbi, ana bushe su a kan iyakar ko a ƙarƙashin rufi. An dasa shuki dankali a cikin lokaci na girma, ya kamata a yi amfani da tsire-tsire. Bayan noma, an ajiye nau'in daban.
Cututtuka da kwari
Iri-iri "Elizabeth" isa resistant zuwa cututtuka na asali Solanaceae: ciwon daji na dankalin turawa, zinariya cyst nematode, na kowa scab. Raunin cutar blackleg ba shi da yawa, ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, kwayoyin cuta.
A cikin shekaru maras kyau, yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta tare da marigayi blight. Don rigakafi, an bada shawarar cewa ana bi da tubers kafin dasa, da kuma magani daya-lokaci da bishiyoyi tare da janye-kayan ciki.
An yi amfani da kariya ta dabbobi don sarrafa kwari. Su ne masu kyau ga Colorado dankalin turawa beetles, aphids, thrips, dankalin turawa, moths. Rabu da wayar waya da taimakon Medvedka ƙasa ta wanke maganin disinfectant ko canjin lokaci na filayen don saukowa.
Her za a iya girma don sayarwa ko hagu don amfani na mutum. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, dankali za a yi farin ciki tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa, mai sauƙi, kyawawan halaye na amfanin gona.
Mun kuma bayar da shawarar cewa ku san da kanku da nau'in dankalin turawa da ke da nau'o'in sharaɗɗa:
| Tsakiyar marigayi | Matsakaici da wuri | Mid-kakar |
| Vector | Gingerbread Man | Giant |
| Mozart | Tale | Tuscany |
| Sifra | Ilinsky | Yanka |
| Dolphin | Lugovskoy | Lilac hazo |
| Crane | Santa | Openwork |
| Rogneda | Ivan da Shura | Duka |
| Lasock | Colombo | Santana | Aurora | Bayyana | Typhoon | Skarb | Innovator | Alvar | Magician | Krone | Breeze |
