Actinidia a Yankin Moscow: dasa, girma da kulawa

Abubuwan da suka dace na kama-gari sune gama gari ga tsirrai ko dabbobin da ke haifar da haɗari ga wasu. Actinidia ya wuce dokokin halitta. Wannan tsire-tsire mai ban mamaki mai haske tare da ɗanɗano mai kyau da kuma fure mai ban sha'awa na fure yana warkar da kaddarorin kuma zasu yi gasa tare da shahararrun masu hana anti-zingotic.

Shuka Actinidia a Yankin Moscow

Actinidia itaciya ce mai sake fasalin jiki, amma saboda karbuwarta ta musamman ta shawo kan canjin canjin yanayi kuma a yau tana tsiro a Gabas ta Tsakiya, China da kasashe da dama na Tsakiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Actinidia za a iya girma ba kawai a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya ba, har ma da kewayen birni

Gaskiyar cewa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan lemu suna girma a cikin kewayen, muna da bashin E.I. Tsiran alade.

Tun daga 1958, Ella Ioganovna yayi nazarin actinidia da lemongrass - tsire-tsire na gabashin gabas, tsibirin Kuril da Primorye. An tattara samfurori samfuran samfuran samfuran a cikin nau'in tsirrai daga 'ya'yan itacen ɓauren daji kuma an kawo su cikin babban birnin don aikin kiwo. A shekarun 1980, a kauyen Mikhnevo, gundumar Stupino na Yankin Moscow, an samu nau'ikan tsiro iri 27, waɗanda daga baya aka jera su a cikin Rijistar Jiha don nasarorin da aka zaɓa.

Actinidia tayi girma sosai kuma tana bada 'ya'ya ba kawai a gabashin Rasha ba, har ma a gewayen yankin godiya ga masu shayarwa na gida

Dasa actinidia

Actinidia fi son acidic da ƙasa mai ɗan acidic (ko tsaka tsaki), an dafe shi da kyau, amma ba tare da tsauraran ruwa ba. Wajibi ne a keɓe wani yanki mai amfani da hasken wuta, mafi kyau a gefen gabas kuma, in ya yiwu, a kan gangara. Idan ƙasa a cikin yankin an clayey, mai nauyi, zaku iya ƙara yashi kogin.

Bushesin currant zai zama ƙauyen da zai dace da kurangar inabi, amma ya fi kyau shuka actinidia daga itacen apple har ya yiwu.

Yadda za a shuka itacen inabi:

1. Don saukowa, sun tono ramuka na 50x50 cm a girman, zurfin shebur ɗaya da rabi, tare da tazara tsakanin mita 1.5-2. An zaɓi Seedan mata dabam dabam dabam; yana da kyau a sami mace mace aƙalla 3-5 a kowane nau'in namiji.
2. Na farko, an saka magudanar ruwa a gindin rami mai saukar ungulu: tubalin da ya karye, ya sayi yumɓu mai yumɓu, ko rafukan kogi. Ana zuba ƙasa akan magudanar ruwa. Lambu suna ba da shawarar a zubad da tuddai, da dasa shukar actinidia a ciki. Yana da ma'ana yin aiki idan babu gangara akan shafin. Don haka ruwa ba zai yi turushi da ambaliyar da asalinsu ba.
3. Kafin dasa, seedin actinidia yana shayar da ruwa sosai. Dasa a cikin rami, an rufe shi da ƙasa tare da duk abubuwan kara, da kyau kuma an sake shayar da su.
4. Tushen wuya ba zai iya zurfafa ba. Lambu suna ba da shawarar mulching da'irar kusa-da'irar actinidia bayan dasa shuki tare da ciyawa.
   

   Don actinidia yana da kyau a yi tsaunin tukunya ƙasa don kada danshi ya ɓaci

5. Kamar kowane liana, actinidia yana buƙatar tallafi don haɓaka al'ada da 'ya'yan itace. A bu mai kyau a sanya tsayayyen trellis a gaba domin bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire ba sa cutar da Tushen tare da tallafawa tsarin.

Ruwan gwaiwar Actinidia magani ne ga kuliyoyi, a cikin binciken da suke tono Tushen da lalata lalata mai tushe. Yayinda liana ke tsiro, zai fi kyau kare shi daga dabbobi masu amfani da ƙarfe.

Kula da tsiro

Actinidia son danshi. A cikin lokutan bushewa, ban ruwa na tsaye yana da amfani - wannan zai adanar itacen inabin daga asarar ganye.

Saboda saman asalin sa, ba da shawarar yin zurfin zurfin ƙasa a kewayen shuki ba. Abin sani kawai narkar da shukar da ciyawar kananan youngan matasa ke halatta. Plantsaukar tsire-tsire masu kashe ciyawar da kansu.

Lokacin zabar manyan riguna, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa actinidia an contraind a cikin lemun tsami da takin mai ma'adinin chloride.

Yanayin yanayi na Yankin Moscow gabaɗaya ya fi dacewa da haɓakar sinadarin actinidia. Yawancin nau'ikan suna jure sanyi ba tare da matsaloli ba har zuwa debe 30-35^{game da}C. Masu aikin gona suna ba da shawarar garkuwa da ƙananan seedlingsan matasa; kuma ba a cire tsire-tsire masu balaguro daga manyan abubuwa ba kuma ba'a rufe su ba. Idan wasu harbe sun lalace a cikin hunturu daga sanyi, to daga baya sai su dawo da sauri.

DDon yawan fruiting na actinidia, an bada shawara don yanke harbe mai wuce haddi. Ba'a ba da shawarar datsa lokacin lokacin kwararar ruwan itace ba, wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Lokacin da ya dace don grafting shine farkon lokacin bazara, wanda lokacin pruning ya kusan zama mara wahala ga shuka mahaifiyar.

Ana bada shawarar girki kawai ba kawai don gyaran fuska ba, har ma don inganta ingantaccen abu na actinidia

Don a tabbatar da yawan amfanin gonar na akai-akai, tsire-tsire guda biyu na mace da irin shuka. Actinidia shine dioecious shuka, da kuma lambu, kodayake suna musayar masaniyarsu ta girbi daga mata kawai, duk da haka lura cewa lokacin da aka sake mayar da maza, yawan amfanin gonar yana kara yawa.

Lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da nau'in-actinidia mai saurin haihuwa, N.V. Kozak ta amsa:

Duk nau'ikan actinidia suna dioecious. Haka kuma, a cikin rayuwar kowane tsirrai ba jininta yake canzawa. Sabili da haka, furanni na tsire-tsire mata dole ne a pollinated tare da pollen daga tsire-tsire na maza. Kuma duk da cewa furanni mata suna da stamens tare da anthers, pollen su bakararre ne, wato, ba zai iya yin fure da wasu tsire-tsire ba, kuma ba nasu ba. Don haka babu wani nau'in gida mai cikakken ciki na actinidia colomict. A cikin lambun actinidia, ya zama dole a shuka, ga kowace mace ta 5-7, va van maza 2 (zai fi dacewa daban-daban), kuma na wani nau'in, tunda rigakafin rigakafin cutar kwayar cuta da polygamy zai yiwu ne kawai a cikin jinsin nasu, kuma nau'in nau'in actinidia ne kawai ya dace da pollination: gardama , giralda da shunayya.

N. Kozak, ɗan takarar kimiyyar noma Gidan Jarida Na 2 (Janairu 2016)

Idan kun yi nufin amfani da shuka don yin ado wurin ko facade na gidan, ba matsala abin da ake shuka giyan itacen inabi: dukkansu suna cikin bambance bambancen. Don gina actinidia saboda rashi Tushen jijiyoyin jiki ba ya haifar da haɗari.

Bidiyo: Ciyawar Actinidia

Wani nau'in actinidia za a iya girma a cikin kewayen gari

A yau a Filin Girma na Shuka gwajin shuka na Moscow, sama da samfuran actinidia 200 ke haɓaka. Rajista na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha ya haɗa da:

• nau'in tsiro na farko (Innabi, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Yalwa, Sarauniyar Firdausi, Park, Flat, Pretty, Homestead);
• matsakaiciyar balaga (Waffle, Baƙi, Rahamar, Maritsa, Kuɗin, Daren Dawn, Slasten, Magpie, Universitetskaya);
• marigayi ripening (Moma).

Daga cikin nau'ikan da ke girma a kan ƙasar Rasha, farkon an sami actinidia colomicta, daga gare ta daga baya sauran nau'ikan zaɓi na gida suna bred.

Daga cikin manyan fa'idodin colomict shine abun da ke ciki a cikin adadinsa na adadin Vitamin C: matsakaita na 1000-1200 MG a 100 g. A cikin blackcurrant da itacen rasberi na wannan bitamin - 100-300 da 25 mg / 100 g, bi da bi, a lemun tsami - 50-70 mg Actinidia berries - ingantaccen magani don raunin raunin rana, yana ba da gudummawa ga kawar da radionuclides daga jikin mutum, yana hana shaye-shayen abubuwa na furotototin na potassium da kuma sinadarin chlorine. Wadannan berries suna da girma kuma suna da bambanci a cikin dandano. Don haka, nau'ikan Lakomka da Waffelina ana bambanta su da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanshi na actinidium da manyan (har zuwa 6 g) .ya .yan itãcen marmari. Marmeladka yana da ƙanshin itace mai ƙarfi, Maritsa tana da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ƙoshin gaske tare da ƙanshin' ya'yan ɓaure. Abarba da dandano a cikin nau'ikan Abarba, VIR-2, Leningrad manyan-itace.

Tatyana Savina //lubgazeta.ru/articles/313346.

Iri daban-daban na actinidia sanannu ne a yankin Moscow - tebur

Daban-daban na actinidia: hotunan hoto

Nasiha

A wannan shekara koro ta cikin wuraren kiwo na actinidia. Kolomikt ya sami damar gwadawa a Mikhnevo a cikin MOVIR, kuma akwai sha'awar kar ta sake ɗaukar ta a bakin ta, ba tare da dandano ba. Tare da wannan ɗan Kolbasina, shekaru biyar da suka gabata, ya ba ni tabbacin cewa mai daɗin launi shine mafi cancantar da actinidia, wanda da wuya in ɗauka gabaɗaya ba daidai ba ne, saboda a Jami'ar Jihar Moscow na yi ƙoƙarin canza launin zubin ɗanɗano na dogon lokaci (don wannan sabon ra'ayi). Na gwada Arguts a wannan watan Oktoba a cikin lambun Botanical na Kiev kuma da ma zai faɗi cikin ƙauna idan ba ta Issaya ba, wanda yanzu ya haɗu tare da ni kuma ya tuna da ni game da marmalade mai dadi. Masana'antar actinidia argut daga Amurka suma sun sami damar gwada wasu shekarun da suka gabata a jere. Kodayake yana da dadi, yana da bayanan kula da turpentine a cikin dandano, wanda ba shi da daɗi sosai. Har zuwa yanzu, ɗayansu ya faɗi cikin ƙauna, kuma shakku suna kewaye, watakila ana iya dasa guzberi a wurinsa?

Lateral//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=3667&st=40

A ganina, tsirawar launin fata ba ta dogara da iri-iri ba, amma a ƙasa, eh. Samfuran maza sun fi taushi. Na girma akan dabino da ƙarfe na ƙarfe a gefen kudu maso gabas na gidan. Kasancewa da ƙaramar buƙatu don ƙasa da fasahar noma na farko, al'adun launuka, da bambanci da arguta, ba ya haifar da matsaloli. Duk bayanan da suke bukata ana iya samun saukin saurin ayyukan E. I. Kolbasina da N.V. Kozak, kazalika da hanyar sadarwa mai yawa na post na malamin Belarusiya S.F. Nedyalkov.

gindi//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2182&start=810

Ina so in shiga dukkan magoya bayan actinidia. Tun daga 2000, Ina girma nau'in 3 na masu aikata rikodin actinidia: Pavlovskaya, Satumba da wasu ba a sani ba. Aari da yaro wanda ba a san asalin abin da ke ciki. Mafi yawancin suna son Pavlovskaya don haɓaka haɓaka, dogayen albarkatu masu girma da manyan fruan itace. Idan muka kwatanta shi da Sentyabrskaya, wanda, ga alama, yafi ƙarfin girma girma fiye da Pavlovskaya, sannan tsohon yana lura da -anyen furanni na kowane fure. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da bambanci sosai, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da Pavlovskaya ba, inda dukkanin berries ɗaya ne. Dukkanin matanda suka shiga tsakiyansu da furanni iri na dasa wani tsiro yayin furanni… Hakanan, an shuka wasu nau'ikan launuka uku a wannan shekarar: Zakara, Gourmand da Pamyat Kolbasina. Kimanin argut 15 (a cikin faffada ma'ana) da polygamus ma an shuka su, amma ya yi wuri da zancensu.

Foxbane//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2182&start=810

Actinidia ya bayyana a cikin unguwannin bayan gari da yada godiya ga masu goyon baya, an girma da kokarin bazara mazauna gida da mai son lambu, kuma mutane da yawa sun riga sun lura da dandano mai daɗi na waɗannan berries.