Iris wani sophisticated, mai kyau da ban mamaki flower. Fassara daga harshen Girkanci "iris" na nufin "bakan gizo" - wannan ita ce yadda a zamanin d ¯ a aka ambaci wannan flower don nau'o'inta (yawan daga 700 zuwa 800 jinsin shuka), siffofin asali da wadatar launi.
Bayani
Iris wani tsire-tsire ne na rukuni na rhizomatous. Tushen tushen furen yana samuwa a zurfin zurfin, kuma a cikin tsararru mai laushi yakan fito. Tsawancin kara za su iya zama cikakku daban-daban: 15 cm - da tushe na dwarf iris, 200 cm - da tushe na iris marsh.
Shin kuna sani? Har zuwa rabi na biyu na karni na XIX a Rasha, masu irises suna da suna daban - "iris". Kuma a cikin Ukraine an kira su har yanzu "'yan lu'ulu'u".
Yawan rassan na peduncle ya dogara da irin shuka da iri-iri. Furen da kansu suna bambanta ta wurin dabarun da suka dace da tausayi. Furen tana kunshe da raguna shida: 3 ƙirar ciki na ciki suna hawa zuwa sama don samar da dome, kuma 3 ƙananan furen suna rusa ƙasa. 
An samo furanni na Iris don ku iya bincika kowannen su daki-daki. Hanyoyin siffar irin wannan shuka shine siffar taushi, ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa a kan ƙananan fure, wanda a cikin kamanninsa ya zama kamar gemu - don haka wannan rukuni na furanni ya ɗauki sunansa.
Popular iri
Yawancin rassan bearded da yawa sukan rarraba cikin kungiyoyi da suke la'akari da tsawo na peduncle.
Akwai irin wannan rukuni na Irises:
Ana gabatar da iri-iri iri-iri iri iri tare da hotuna da zane-zane. Ƙananan irises kadan, tsawonsu ba ya wuce alamar 37 cm Ana amfani da su don gyara shimfidar wuri, saboda ba su da bukatar kulawa da girma sosai da sauri:
- "Amsterdam" - suna da furanni na launin rawaya-yellow da launin ruwan kasa. Fara farawa a Afrilu kuma ya ƙare a watan Mayu. Saka "Amsterdam" yana kallo a cikin wani dutse mai dadi ko ya sauka a kan iyaka.
- "Nain Rayuwa" - ƙwayoyin da ke cikin ciki suna da launin launi mai launin launin fata, kuma waɗanda suke waje suna fentin a cikin wani jan launi mai launi tare da cakulan kwalliyar burgundy kuma suna da iyakoki mai tsabta da fari. A tushe na ƙananan furen ƙananan siffofin zinariya ne kuma akwai nau'i na samari na fari. Suna da wata ƙanshi mai dadi sosai.
Matsakaici mai tsayi isa tsawon 70 cm Ana shuka su tare da kan iyakoki, kuma suna kallo da kyau a kan yankunan da ba a daɗe:
- "Batik" - suna da furanni na launi mai launi tare da haɗuwa da fararen fararen fata. Girman flower a diamita ya kai 15 cm. Suna da ƙanshi mai dadi. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa daban-daban yanayin yanayi, cututtuka da kwari.
- "Age Arctic" - furanni mai dusar ƙanƙara da fure-fure. Daidai don samar da lambun monochrome.
- "Oregon Skye" - wani furanni mai launi mai launin shudi mai launin shuɗi, ƙananan furanni da kuma turare.
Yawancin tsirrai iri iri ne da aka dauka su zama tsire-tsire, tsayinsa wanda ya bambanta tsakanin 80-120 cm:
- "Burgomaster" - fure ne daga matsakaiciyar size, launuka na orange-violet da ke a gefuna na ƙananan man fetur, kuma cibiyar yana da duhu mai launin shuɗi. Lobes na ciki suna da launi mai launi tare da tinge mai launin ruwan kasa, tare da gabar fata suna da launi na lalac. Tsawancin tsire-tsire mai girma shine 80 cm. Wannan nau'in na da kyau akan kudanci da kudu maso yammaci.
- "Beverly Hills" - wani shahararrun perennial iri-iri. Fure yana da girman matsakaici, mai launi mai launi mai launi mai laushi, yana da yadin da aka saka, kamar dai gemu ne tare da launi mai launi. Peduncle yayi girma a tsawon zuwa 1 m, ganye suna kunkuntar, suna da launi mai launi. Gidan yana jin dadi sosai a cikin rani, yankunan rashin iska, misali - kudancin kudancin.
- "Arkady Raikin" - wani furanni mai launin launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan hoɗi mai launin ruwan orange, yana da kyan gani kuma yana da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Lokacin flowering shine matsakaici.
- "Masu tsare" - Tsire-tsire yana da babban haske mai launin rawaya mai zurfi har zuwa 15 cm a diamita. Yana da ƙanshi mai ma'ana.
Wuri don yayi girma
Ta hanyar zabar wuri don dasa shuki shuki dole ne a kusantar da kai tsaye. Bearded iris yana buƙatar haɗiya-gwargwadon ruwa ko dutse mai tsayi tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Furen yana tsiro da kyau a kan jirgin sama mai ban sha'awa kuma yana son rana, saboda yawan buds na flower buds na shekara mai zuwa ya dogara da shi.
Yanayi da haske
Ga namo na irises kana buƙatar samun wuri na rana, ba zuga ta iskõki da zane ba. Yawancin furanni zasu iya jure wa maniyyi haske daga bishiyoyi, amma ba za a dasa su a cikin inuwa daga bishiyoyi ba, tun a cikin wannan yanayin ba wanda zai iya jira don sakin peduncles. 
Nau'in shinge
Don dasa shuki, wajibi ne don zabar wani shafin tare da ƙasa mai laushi mai gina jiki wanda yana da tsaka-tsaki ko dan kadan acidic soil acidity. Shafukan ya kamata ya kasance mai kyau mai laushi, kamar yadda irises ba zai iya tsayawa da tsire-tsire ba.
Ana shirya kasar gona, kula da shi don sa shi ya gurbace gurasa. Don sauƙaƙe ƙasa zuwa humus zai zama mai kyau don ƙara yashi da itace ash.
Ka'idodin dasa bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire
Don samun ingancin ingancin ingancin bearded, wadda za ta yi farin ciki tare da kyakkyawa, dasa shuki ta dace da kulawa da tsire-tsire a fili suna da muhimmanci.
Lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki da kuma dasa shukin furanni an dauke shi lokacin bayan flowering, to, shuka zai samar da sababbin asalinsu. Idan ka duba a hankali a rhizome, sannan a kasa da tushe daga cikin ganyayyaki zaka iya ganin tubercles na launi mai haske - waɗannan su ne ginshiƙan tushen.
Lokacin da suka tsufa, za su kasance mai banƙyama da damuwa. Saboda haka, ana shuka bishiyoyi ko dai nan da nan bayan flowering, ko a cikin fall, lokacin da tushen ya zama fibrous da wuya.
Shin kuna sani? Daga rhizomes na furen iris, mutane sun koyi yadda ake yin mairis mairisar, wanda aka yi amfani dashi wajen samar da kayan turare mai mahimmanci.Tambaya yadda ake shuka inrista iris, yawancin lambu suna bin wannan amsar. Lokacin da dasa shuki Iris, wajibi ne don yin haske tare da karamin karami.
Sanya fure a kan wannan dutsen, shimfiɗa asalinsu sosai, kuma, compacting, rufe su da ƙasa. Kada a kara zurfin zurfin tsire-tsire Delenki, saboda tushen ya kamata ya zama mai tsanani da rana.
Abin da aka shirya na gishiri mai gemu lokacin da aka shuka a kasa a cikin bazara dole ne a bi da shi tare da ci gaba da bunkasa. Idan rhizome yana da tsawo sosai, dole ne a yanka shi dan kadan, cire wuraren da aka rushe kuma ci gaba a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate na kimanin minti 20.
Yadda za a kula da furanni
Domin inrista don faranta masa furanni na dogon lokaci, yana da muhimmanci don samar da wasu ayyuka.
Kula kula
Gudun beard a spring yana buƙatar kulawa na musamman. Ba ya nufin aiki mai wuya, kawai kuna buƙatar kasancewa da hankali sosai lokacin da kuka sassauta ƙasa. Tushen furen yana kusa da ƙasa, kuma dole ne a dauki kula kada a lalata su.
Yana da muhimmanci! Irises ba zai iya Bloom a kan acidic ƙasa! A wannan yanayin, inji zaiyi yawa da ganye, amma ba zai fitar da buds ba. Tsinkaya kasar gona ta yiwu ta ƙara ash, lemun tsami ko dolomite gari.
Watering
Haɗuwa da ruwa da kayan abinci a cikin irises na faruwa a cikin tushen tsarin. Saboda haka, suna buƙatar watering kawai a lokacin rani rani da kuma lokacin lokacin flowering don tsawanta shi.
Pruning ganye da bushe harbe
A watan Agusta, ganyayyaki zasu fara sannu a hankali, wannan zai iya zama alamar cewa dole ne don tsabtace tsire-tsire. Don yin wannan, cire gaba daya cire ganye, rage sauran ta rabi ko kashi ɗaya bisa uku.
A irin wannan hanya mai sauƙi, zaka iya ajiye shuka daga dukan cututtuka, waɗanda masu sufuri su ne tsohuwar ganye da furanni.
Na dabam game da ciyar
A cikin bazara
Ganye yana buƙatar ciyarwa a cikin bazara. Ana iya amfani da takin mai magani na Potash a matsayin bayani a karkashin tushen iris. Wannan saman miya zai taimaka wajen cigaban ganye da kuma ƙara yawan furanni.
Yana da muhimmanci! An haramta hayar shuka a lokacin flowering.
A lokacin rani
A lokacin rani, lokacin da furen furen sun yi fure, zaka iya ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani phosphate - za su kara da girma da kuma samuwar inflorescences na gaba shekara.
A cikin kaka
A lokacin kaka, flower yana buƙatar haɗuwa da carbohydrates mai narkewa, kuma tushensu shine phosphate da kuma takin mai magani.
Ana shirya furanni don hunturu
Idan manyan shagulgulan sunaye a yankunku, to, dole ne a shirya shiri mai kyau don hunturu. Don wannan rhizome akwai buƙatar ka rufe matashin karan da aka fadi, rassan coniferous ko sawdust.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da kwari
Rigakafin shine babban makiyi na kowane irin cututtuka da kwari. Tare da tsabtataccen lokaci na shafukan yanar gizo da kuma kawar da weeds, tsire-tsire ba mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Mafi yawan cututtuka da suka fi yawa a iris su ne:
Don cire pathogenic kwayoyin za su taimaka wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate. Idan ka sanya tushen shuka tsawon minti 30 a wannan bayani, kwayoyin zasu mutu. Tushen ya yada cikin rana kuma ya bushe har tsawon sa'o'i 8, ya juya rhizomes.
A shan kashi na takarda takarda ya zama wajibi ne don fesa wani flower 2 ko sau 3 Bordeaux cakuda.
