Shuka shinge yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan ciyawa, wanda ba sauki ba ne don rabu da mu. Ba sau da yawa tambaya ta taso - a kan wace kasa ke shuka yaduwar ƙwayar cuta, tunda yake tsiro ne akan kowane irin ƙasa, amma ya fi son chernozem mai tsabta, wanda yake da wuya a cire shi. Gaskiyar cewa irin wannan ƙaya da kuma yadda wannan mummunar sako, ba ta hanyar jin labarin ba, duk mai gida na gida ko gonar, saboda sau da yawa ya yi aiki tare da shi wani gwagwarmaya mai tsawo da zafi. Za mu fahimci kuma za mu koyi da cikakken bayani tare da sarƙaƙƙiya da irin wannan sako, kazalika da koyon yadda za a halakar da shinge a gonar.
Bayyanawa da kuma irin nau'i
Mai girma - kyakkyawa, da wuya - wata shekara ta shekara ta iyalin Astrov da tsawo na 0.5-1.7 m. Tsarin tushen shine mai iko, wanda aka ƙera a cikin jagorancin kwance. Tushen ne na kowa a ko'ina a cikin Eurasian nahiyar. Shuka harbe tare da ɓangaren ɓangaren marasa tushe suna da madaidaiciya kuma an haɗa su, sau da yawa pubescent tare da gashi. Ƙananan blueness na launi mai launi mai launi tare da martaba-tsaka-tsalle-tsire-tsalle, ƙananan layi na ganye ya raguwa kuma ya shiga cikin tsirrai. Furen ƙananan ne, reed, kwandon kwandon, kewaye da nau'i daban-daban. Kwayar zafi ta shude daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa farkon kaka, bayan flowering an kafa 'ya'yan itace a kan shuka - launin launi mai launin ruwan kasa, mai laushi, tare da laushi mai laushi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bishiyoyi da suka fada a cikin ƙasa, suna iya kula da kwayar cutar fiye da shekaru 20, suna ba da zarafin shuka sabon tsire-tsire tare da farawa da wasu sharaɗɗan sharaɗɗa.
Shuka ƙwaya
Shuka sarƙaƙƙiya ko rawaya - shi ne perennial 1.5-1.7 m high. Tsawon babban taproot zai iya kaiwa mintuna 3-4 m, kuma gaɓoɓin da ke kai tsaye a cikin shugabanci na kwance zai iya zama kimanin mita 1 a tsawon. Ƙirƙun ƙwayar daji suna da dadi, marar laushi, wanda aka haɓaka a saman, tare da nuna launin toka-kore mai launin toka a kansu.
Tsuntsauran ƙananan kwalliya tare da gashin tsuntsaye. Flowers na haske rawaya launi ne kwandon tare da jug wrapper, wanda ya samar da wani panicle-kamar inflorescence. Kwayar shuka tana kama da furen Dandelion, zaka iya ganin ƙudan zuma akan shi, wanda yayi amfani da shuka a matsayin daya daga cikin itatuwan zuma mafi kyau. Shuka yaduwa yayi girma akan gonaki maras kyau, bankunan ruwa da gonaki na kayan lambu, matakan da suke da shi don magance shi yana da lokaci mai yawa, amma zamu fada game da su kadan daga baya.
Garden shuka thistle
Garden shuka - shekara-shekara ciyawa tare da tsawo na 0.4-1 m tare da karfi branched m mai tushe. Ganye suna cike da tsaka da tsaka-tsakin da aka raba da rarrabe-tsalle, mai sauƙi don taɓawa idan aka kwatanta da ganyen filin shuka shuka. Ganye a saman harbe ba su da cikakke, kuma a kasan suna samuwa a kan petiole. Kwanduna na rawaya mai launi suna da manyan, tare da diamita na har zuwa 35 mm. Amma, sabanin filin, sun samar da wani nau'in inflorescence sosai. Tsaba na lambu osota - elongated launin ruwan kasa launi tare da hairffy hairs. Ana iya samun shuka a cikin ravines, kusa da kogi, a cikin lambuna da gidajen abinci.
Shin kuna sani? Zuwa kimanin kg 130 na zuma za a iya dauka daga 1 hectare na dasa bishiyar.
Shuka ƙwaya
Grungy shuka-thistle ne grassy shekara-shekara tare da tsawo na 0.7-1 m tare da karkatattun mai tushe. Ƙananan ganye masu wuya suna da tsayayye, kuma suna da hankali sosai, kuma suna kwance har zuwa 15 cm tsawo tare da gefuna masu kaifi, wanda aka gano spines. A babba ganye zauna a kan harbe tare da basal sansanonin basal, basal - narrowed cikin winged petioles. Peduncle da kunsa rufe da gashin glandular. A cikin ruwan sanyi sanyi, mai tushe da kuma tsakiyar veins na ganye na m shuka thistle zama ja-violet launi. 'Ya'yan itace itace mai sassauci tare da tuftan da ke da rauni. Yana girma cikin lambun kayan lambu da gonaki, a kan filayen da hanyoyi.
Amfanin da cutar da ƙwaya a gonar
Ganawa da shuka shuka a lambun su, kowa ya fara tunanin yadda za a cire shuka shinge, saboda cutar wannan sako ne mai girma. Shuka shinge shine, na farko, baƙon da ba a so a cikin gonar gonar, wanda ke tsiro da sauri da kuma rarraba kowane shuka da ke tsiro a kusa, yana jawo ruwa da kayan abinci daga ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, mutuwar gonar lambun da girbi, shukar shuka ya ƙone ƙasa, sabili da haka, a wani ɗan ƙaramin yanayin wannan sako, mai kula da lambu ya yanke shawara yadda za a shuka shuka daga lambun kayan lambu da kuma yi shi nan da nan.
Duk da haka, wannan ƙwayar yana kawo amfanu - an ba shi cin abinci a cikin herbivores, kuma wasu makircinsu na shuka sarƙaƙƙiya, irin su aphid, sukan ciyar da shuka ƙwayoyi, shuka nama shine mai arziki a cikin ma'adanai, wanda zai taimaka wajen wadatar da ƙasa a lokacin da ake amfani da takin gargajiya. Bugu da ƙari, ana cinye ganyayyaki matasa - suna yin shayi, salads ko kabeji miya, da kuma shinkafa tushen maye gurbin Urushalima artichoke. Ma'aikatan healers suna amfani da kayan ado da kuma infusions na masu tallafin maganin wasu cututtuka.
Duk da haka, duk abin da amfanin wannan shuka ya kawo, ba shi da wuri a gonar, kuma ya kamata a dakatar da yaki da shuka ƙwaya a gonar dogon lokaci.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sapling ya hada da abubuwa masu guba, yayin aiki tare da wannan sako yana da muhimmanci don kula da mutane da rashin lafiyan halayen.
Yadda za a magance tsawa a gonar
Tun lokacin da aka shuka sarƙaƙƙiya ta hanyar tsaba da kuma vegetatively, tambayar yadda za a shuka gonar shuka daga gonar har abada zai zama da gaggawa a tsakanin masu makircin. Babban mahimmanci shine mawuyacin ƙwarewar ciyawa don fara samfurin matasa daga kowane tushe na tsarin lalacewa - wannan yanayin yana buƙatar ƙungiyar yaki don rage ƙarfi daga tushen ƙwaya. Hanyar manyan hanyoyi guda uku za a iya bambanta: yadda za a rabu da shuka shuka a cikin lambun: injiniyoyi, sunadarai da mutane.
Kayan daji mai kwakwalwa
Kayan gyaran ƙwayar matasan sapwood ya ƙunshi a hankali yana janyewa daga ƙasa, yana da kyau a dauke shi a cikin ƙasa mai dami ko tare da taimakon wani chopper don yaro wani tsire daga ƙasa domin ya kauce wa rabu da kuma barin tushen a cikin ƙasa. Ƙananan bishiyoyi masu karfi da tushen tushen su na bukatar zurfin zurfin zurfi, girgiza ƙasa kuma samarda tushensu, tare da cire guda ɗaya ba zai isa ba, kuma kuna buƙatar maimaita wannan tsari cikin makonni 2-3.
Yadda za a kawar da laka ta hanyar sinadaran
Masana sunadarai sun dade suna kula da saukakawa na lambu da masu lambu, suna samar da irin wannan maganin herbicides Task, Glyfovit, Antiburyan, Lontrel, Chistopol da sauransu. Amfani da sunadarai a cikin yakin da ya kamata ya kamata a yi a cikin cikakkiyar yarda da umarnin zuwa miyagun ƙwayoyi da kuma yin amfani da kayan aikin sirri na sirri. Wannan hanyar gwagwarmaya yana da mahimmanci mai juyayi - herbicides zai iya haifar da mummunar tasiri ga amfanin gonar gona da kuma gurɓata ƙasa, wanda aka ba da shawarar da za a bi shi ne kawai bayan da aka gama rarraba magunguna.
Hanyar mutane ta hanyar tsawa
Gwaninta mai yawa na samar da amfanin gona zai gaya muku yadda za ku magance wannan ƙwayar ta hanyoyi masu kyau:
- Matsawan da ke yaduwa da kerosene, wanda, bayan magani, zai bushe kuma ya mutu, babban abu ba shi da izinin kerosene don samun ƙasa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire;
- Hanyoyin da ke faruwa na yau da kullum na yankakken ƙananan ƙwayoyi za su raunana shuka, wanda zai mutu nan da nan;
- Ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar namun daji, wanda zai ciyar da amfanin gona na gona kuma ya raunana tushen tumatir;
- idan yaduwar ƙwayar ya warwatse, dole ne a karya ko yanke tushen tushe, hana tsaba daga ripening da yada.
Shin kuna sani? Tushen tumatir da aka sassaka zai iya dawowa cikin makonni biyu.
Ayyuka masu kariya: yadda ba za a ba da kurma don zuwa gonar ka ba
Tun da yake yana da wuyar gaske kuma yana da lokaci don yaki da ƙwayar daji a gonar, ya fi kyau ya hana ya faru a gonar. Yin amfani da fim din polyethylene mai duhu, wanda a cikin fall ya rufe yanki na lambun kayan lambu kamar yadda ya yiwu a cikin fall, latsa shi da duwatsu, ya tabbatar da kansa. Wannan hanya zai halakar da tushen ƙwayar cuta, wanda ba zai iya samar da sababbin sprouts ba.
Lokacin da ya fitar da noma da shuka, dole ne a cire dukkan sharan gona daga shafin, kuma yana da kyau kada a yarda izinin shuka da kuma zubar da tsaba. A lokacin da kaka ko digogin ruwa na gadaje, an bada shawara a hankali su zabi tushen da gutsutsure daga ƙasa, ta hana su daga barin 'yan matasan.
Koda koda babanci ya shiga gidan ku na baya, kada ku damu, amsawa da kuma kokarin da za su taimaka wajen fitar da sarƙar da kuma hana shi daga sake dawowa.
