Cactus mammillaria (mammillaria) ya kasance mallakar halittu masu bambancin dangi a cikin dangin Cactus. Aturearaminsa da siffofin da ba a saba gani suna cinye masu noman fure nan da nan. A lokacin furanni, jarirai sun fi kyau kyau. Ya isa ganin sau ɗaya hoto na dabbobi masu shayarwa kuma kuna so ku sayi karamin dasa daga cikin waɗannan tsire-tsire. Wadannan cacti mara tsada suna rayuwa a cikin yanki mai yawa daga kudu na Amurka zuwa tsakiyar Latin Amurka. A yau, ana samun wannan fure a cikin kowane tsirrai da yawancin lambu.
Halayen Botanical
Mammillaria ta yadu sosai a bakin teku da kuma kan tsaunukan da ke cike da rashin tsaro har zuwa tsawon kilomita 2.5. Dankin yana da kauri, tushen filayen tsawa da kuma karar itace mai ɗaure ko sihiri. Matsakaicin tsawo na murtsunguwa shine 20 cm, kuma nisa na iya zama 40 cm.
Wani kebantaccen fasalin dabbobi masu shayarwa shine rashin hakarkarinsa a tushe. Papillae da yawa tare da daure na allura densely kuma da ka rufe gaba ɗaya daga tushe. A wasu nau'ikan, papillae (tubercles) an shirya su ta hanyar zoben kwance ko a karkace. Sharp, m spines yawanci ana samunsu a cikin apical tubercles, yayin da ƙananan papillae an rufe su da ƙasa. Yawan villi yana ƙaruwa a wuraren da toho ya fara nunawa.
Mammillaria Bloom yana da kyau sosai. A cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren karar silili, an kafa corolla da ƙananan furanni masu yawa. Za'a iya rufe nau'ikan Spherical tare da buds a duk faɗin ƙasa. Furanni suna cikin nau'i na bututu, kararrawa ko faifai mai buɗewa. Girman danshin furanni yana daga 1 zuwa 6. cm, rowaukataccen, an zana furanni masu launin fari, azurfa, rawaya, ruwan hoda ko ja.
Pollination na faruwa ne da taimakon kwari ko iska. Bayan furanni ya shuɗe, ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna suna tsakanin papillae kuma kusan ba a ganuwa. Ripening yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa. A hankali, tubular mai haske mai haske (berries) tsawon cm 1 cm ya bayyana akan karar ciki A cikin berries akwai ƙananan tsaba na shayarwar dabbobi, ana fentin launin ruwan kasa, launin ja ko kore.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Halittar dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da nau'ikan 200, kowane ɗayansu za'a iya girma a matsayin al'ada. Ko a yau, masu ilimin botanists suna ci gaba da samowa da kuma yin rijistar sabon nau'in. Mun lissafa mafi kyawun tsari da shahararrun hanyoyin.
Dabbobin Mammillaria. Dankin ya ƙunshi ginshiƙan silima masu yawa na launin kore mai duhu. Kara an rufe shi da farin gajeren hancin. Girman danshi mai tushe shine 1-2 cm A lokacin furanni, murtsunguwa sun wuce kan ƙananan furanni fari tare da rawaya mai haske.
Mammillaria Seilman. Shortan gajeren cylindrical stalk na murtsunguwa an rufe shi da allurai da aka ɗaure da zaren zaren mai taushi. Yawancin furanni yana ɗaukar har zuwa watanni shida, a wannan lokacin, yawancin karrarawa masu launin ruwan hoda akan saman.
Mammillaria Luti yayi wasu shuwagabannin lu'ulu'u da yawa masu launin shuɗi mai duhu. Short spines suna da wuya. A lokacin furanni, an samar da manyan furanni 2-3 tare da fure mai ruwan gero da fure mai haske a kwamin ɗin. Tsinkain furanni ya kai 3 cm.
Mammillaria Baum siffofin Silinda branched bushes na haske koren launi. Tsawonsu zai iya kai cm 15. An rufe tsire-tsire da ƙaya mai laushi. An kawata saman da furanni masu kamshi masu yawa tare da bututu mai elongated.
Mammillaria Blossfeld bambanta a cikin mai sikelin stalk densely an rufe shi da wuya yellowish needles. Manyan furanni masu kararrawa suna da ruwan hoda da fararen fata da kuma rawaya mai cike da shuɗi.
Mammillaria Bokasana. A murtsunguwa na samar da toka mai kauri mai girman gaske har zuwa 6 cm tsayi tare da ƙuraje mai tsananin ƙarfi da babban adadin doguwar fata. Furanni masu launin shuɗi-ruwan hoda suna samar da kyakkyawar walƙiya.
Mammillaria Carmen yana da m mai tushe mai kusan 5 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa faɗin cm cm 15. isafa ya rufe da rassa da yawa kuma cike da ɗimbin launuka masu launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. Whiteanan furanni fararen furanni a saman
Mammillaria elongated ya samar da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya madaidaiciya zuwa 4 cm faɗin. Bund Bundaƙar whiteafa na fari ko launin shuɗi suna kusa da tushe. A lokacin furanni, za a buɗe furannin kananan furanni masu launin ja.
Mammillaria Prolifera Forms ƙananan kwallaye a farfajiya na ƙasa tare da dogayen rawaya. Single rawaya furanni Bloom a fi.
Mammillaria siriri yana da dogon silima mai tushe mai girma tare da ƙananan yara. Bunches na kashin baya ya dawwama da tushe, kuma tsakiyar brownish needles an shirya shi da tsayayye. An kawata saman da kananan furanni masu ruwan shuɗi.
Fulatan furanni waɗanda basu iya tantance kamanninsu ba zasu iya siyan kayan haɗin madmillaria a cikin shagon - cakuda da dama nau'in kayan ado.
Mammillaria haifuwa
Mammillaria ya haifar da yara sosai, saboda haka yaduwar ciyayi shine mafi sauki kuma mafi inganci. Don dasa shirya lebur tukwane tare da cakuda yashi da turf ƙasar. Isasa ta ɗan jika. Yara a hankali rabu da uwa shuka da kuma sanya shi a kan farfajiya na kasar gona. Zaka iya tura su dan kadan, amma kada ka yi zurfin ciki. Kafin samuwar Tushen, ana ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar goyon baya daga twigs ko pebbles.
Tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana guje wa lalacewa kuma nan da nan sami tsire-tsire da yawa. A cikin kwano tare da ramuka magudanar rarraba yashi-turf ƙasa cakuda. Ana sanya tsaba a farfajiya kuma basu yayyafa. Akwatin an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na iska don shuka shine + 22 ... +25 ° C. Yakamata a fesa tsaba Mammillaria a kai a kai domin kar su bushe. Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, za a iya cire matsuguni, kuma gano ƙaya sigina alama ce ta tara da dasawa.
Dokokin Kulawa
Kula da dabbobi masu shayarwa ba mai wahala bane. Cactus yana matukar son haske mai haske. Koyaya, a kan windowsill na kudu a tsakar rana za ku buƙaci karamin inuwa ko maimaitawar iska. A lokacin furanni, kuma yana iya faruwa a cikin hunturu, yana da muhimmanci a samar masa da hasken rana na awa 16. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da fitila.
Cacti na iya jure zafin da ya fi zafi. A cikin hunturu, ya fi kyau samar da shuka tare da wani yanayi mai cike da matsala da canja wuri zuwa daki inda yawan zafin iska bai wuce + 10 ... +15 ° C. Wasu nau'ikan zasu iya tsayayya da sanyi na -7 -C.
Ya kamata a shayar da Mammillaria da ƙarancin rabo. Mustasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya. A lokacin rani, zaku iya ruwa sau 2-3 a wata, kuma a cikin hunturu ya cancanci kowane wata kawai ɗan ɗanɗano daskararren. Magin ɗin ba ya fama da bushewar iska, amma ana marhaba da yayyafa masa lokaci-lokaci.
Daga watan Afrilun zuwa Oktoba, wani kashi na takin zamani domin karafan dole ne a kara a ruwa domin yin ban ruwa kowane wata. Wannan zai tabbatar da ingantaccen girma da yawan fure.
Sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna buƙatar dasawa. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin bazara. Kafin dasawa, ƙasar ta bushe. Don murtsunguwa, zaɓi ɗakunan lebur da fadi tare da manyan ramuka. Isarshen tanki an rufe shi da yumɓu mai yumbu ko kwakwalwan bulo, kuma daga sama an rarraba kayan daga waɗannan abubuwan:
- peat;
- ƙasar turf
- takardar ƙasa;
- yashi.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, dabbobi masu shayarwa ba sa fama da cututtuka. Babban karin kwari shine scabbard da gizo-gizo mite. Idan an samo kwayar cutar kwayaji, kuna buƙatar magance cactus nan da nan tare da maganin kashe kwari kuma ku sake maimaita hanyar bayan kwana 7-10.
