Shuka sunflower ba zai zama da wahala ba idan ka bi wasu buƙatu don hanyar girma.
Zabin sunflower
Akwai adadi mai yawa na nau'in sunflower da abubuwan da suka samo asali. Lokacin zabar wani nau'in iri daban-daban, wanda yakamata ya jagorance shi ta hanyar kayan da aka nuna akan kowane kunshin. Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga girman tsiron da ake so, tunda tsayin su ya bambanta daga 30 cm zuwa 4.6 ya kamata kuma a ɗauka a hankali cewa zai iya yin girma a matsayin kara guda ko kuma a matsayin reshe tare da furanni.
Lokacin zabar tsaba, yana da mahimmanci a bincika cewa ba a soyayyen su kuma suna da wani abin rufe jiki.
Shirya da dasa shuki sunflower
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ana shuka su da farko a gida. Don yin wannan, ɗauki tawul (zai fi dacewa takarda) sannan a sanyaya a jika. Daga nan sai a raba shi da rabi a rabi, a sanya tsaba a wani bangare, a kuma rufe na biyu.
Duk wannan ana sanya shi a cikin jakar filastik, wanda aka adana a cikin ɗakin dumi a t sama da +10 ° C, ana duba lokaci-lokaci don kasancewar 'ya'yan fure kuma a lokaci guda saka idanu da zafi na tawul. Lokacin girma shine kwana 2.
Idan ƙwayar ba ta yi girma a cikin kwanaki 3 ba, to ta amfani da hancin, cire gefen daga zuriyar kuma a bar ɗan lokaci.
Koyaya, zaka iya yin ba tare da tsiro ba, kawai ka nutsar dasu cikin ƙasa, amma yuwuwar fitowar zata kasance ƙasa sosai.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, don guje wa cinyewa, ana kula da su ta hanyoyi na musamman akan ƙwaƙƙwaran sandal, an shirya su da hannuwansu ko a saya.
Kuna iya shirya cakuda kanku kamar haka: 100 g na tafarnuwa, sara da Mix tare da albasa, ƙara 2 lita na ruwan zãfi kuma bar for 24 hours. Bayan wannan, zuriya murran da aka yi da ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanan da aka shirya cikin mafita mai dacewa na dare.
Dukkanin ayyuka ya kamata a yi su a ƙarshen bazara.
Shiri kasar gona don sunflower
A shuka ba picky ga kasar gona, duk da haka, mafi m da ba sosai rarrabe. Na farko sun hada da chernozem, kasa mai nauyi, loams tare da pH na 5-6. Nau'in na biyu ya haɗa da sandstones, har ma da wuraren shakatawa tare da pH na 4 ko ƙananan.
Wuri mai ban sha'awa zai zama wurin da a waccan masara, kabeji, amfanin gona na hunturu. Wurare bayan tumatir da beets na sukari ba su dace ba, saboda za su ƙunshi mai yawa nitrogen, wanda ke da mummunan tasiri ga sunflower.
Koyaya, dole ne mutum ya tuna gaskiyar cewa inda sunflower ya girma, ba a ba da shawarar a sake dasa shi ba har tsawon shekaru 7 don ba da damar lokaci don ƙasa ta dawo. Don yin wannan, dasa peas, wake, amfanin gona na bazara, waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kawo ƙasar zuwa al'ada.
A cikin lokacin kaka, ana kara ƙwayoyin potash da phosphorus (potassium sulfate, superphosphate) a cikin ƙasa kuma suna haƙa sosai.
Makwabta masu mahimmanci don sunflower
Masara na iya zama maƙwabta na ban mamaki, tunda tushen sa ya zama na dabam a cikin ƙasa, don haka ba za a sami gwagwarmaya don abinci da ruwa ba. Suman, waken soya, cucumbers, letas, da wake za su iya zama da kyau, amma sai dai ba - dankali, tumatir.
Shuka tsaba a sunflower a fili
Shuka ya fara samar da a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Don yin wannan, tare da taimakon hoe, ana yin ramuka a cikin wurin da aka zaɓa tare da zurfin 5-7 cm tare da tazara na 15 cm, amma kuma yana iya zama ya fi tsayi, tunda mafi girman nisa tsakanin seedlingsan seedlings, yaduwar maɓallan zai yi girma. Ana saukar da hatsi 2-3 a cikin ramuka kuma cike da ƙasa, kuma dole ne a jika ƙasa.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya ba da shawarar: kula da shuka
Don samun kyakkyawan girbi, ana bada shawara don kula da shuka daidai. Wajibi ne a kafa tsarin ban ruwa, shuka ƙasa, cire ciyawa. Kula da garter, saboda tare da iska mai ƙarfi tushe zai iya fashewa, kuma za a kawar da wannan haɗarin.
Ciyarwa a duk matakai na haɓaka yana da mahimmanci. A karo na farko kana buƙatar ciyar da shuka kwanaki 14 bayan bayyanar harbe tare da takin mai magani dauke da nitrogen (alal misali, urea). Wannan zai taimaka wa tsayayyen girma na kara, ganye.
Bayan haka, bayan kwanaki 14-21, ana yin wani babban miya ta amfani da takin zamani da ke dauke da potassium. Godiya ga wannan, huluna zasu cika da tsaba. Idan ka yi nisa sosai tare da gabatarwar nitrogen, a wannan lokacin, to zaka iya kasancewa gaba daya ba tare da zuriya ba.
Ana yin rigakafin miya ta gaba bayan kwana 21 ta amfani da takin mai-phosphorus mai ƙunshe da takin zamani da haɗu da su da potash.
Dokar Watering
Ya kamata a biya musamman da ruwa don shayarwa. Soilasar da aka shuka tsaba dole ne ta kasance cikin danshi har sai alkyabbar ta bayyana. An ba da shawarar yin ruwa kadan a nesa daga tsire-tsire da kansu (7.5-10 cm), tun da yake har yanzu ƙanana da ƙanƙanuwa kuma don haka kawar da leaching daga ƙasa, kuma tushen tushen shi ma yana ƙarfafawa.
Yayin da ake bunkasa shekara-shekara, ana iya rage ban ruwa. Lokacin da tushen da tushe sun girma sosai, zai isa ya zama ruwa sau ɗaya a mako.
Koyaya, ya kamata a la'akari da yanayin yanayi: tare da rashi mai yawa, ruwan sha ya kamata a ƙara.
Girbi
A shirye yake da amfanin gona ne m ta danshi da tsaba. Akwai matakai 3 na penan girma:
- rawaya;
- launin ruwan kasa;
- cikakke.
Zuwa digiri mai launin ruwan kasa, ya rigaya ya yiwu a girbe (matakin laushi zai zama 15-20%).
Aiwatar da agrotechnical Hanyar bushewa shuke-shuke a kan itacen inabi (desiccation), yana yiwuwa a muhimmanci hanzarta hanzarin tsarin, da kuma tabbatar da daidaituwa. Ana yin wannan lokacin da lokacin fure ya riga ya wuce (danshi iri 30%).
An bada shawarar yin amfani da shirye-shiryen sunadarai (desiccants) a cikin yanayin rana, tare da yanayin zafi daga +13 zuwa +20 ° C da safe ko da yamma. Kuna iya girbi bayan kwanaki 10 bayan wannan hanya.
Abubuwan da aka girbe tare da zafi mai zafi suna bushe sannan an tsabtace da tarkace da tsaba masu lalacewa.
Idan ka bi dukkan shawarwarin ka ƙirƙiri yanayi mai kyau, ba zai zama da wahala ka haɓaka wannan al'ada ba. Ba kawai zai zama babban kayan ado na ado a cikin ƙasar ba, amma yana iya faranta girbin.
