Yawancin lambu sun saba da zabi iri iri don girma. Mafi kyau - ƙananan nau'i da nau'in 'ya'yan itace, suna bada' ya'yan itace mai ban sha'awa a ko'ina cikin kakar. Kuma yana da kyawawa cewa baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman a lokaci guda.
Wadannan su ne tumatir Tankar. Wannan nau'i-nau'i, wanda ya samo asali na Rasha kuma ya dace da girma a cikin wani gine-gine ko a cikin ƙasa, a duk yankuna na Rasha. Ba ya buƙatar mai yawa kokarin da hankali kuma a lokaci guda zai iya faranta sakamakon.
A cikin labarinmu zamu ba ku cikakkiyar bayanin irin nau'in Kayan daji da halaye, ya gaya muku yadda za'a bunkasa shi da kuma yadda za a kare shi daga cututtuka.
Tumatir "Hoto": bayanin irin iri-iri
Sunan suna | Kuskure |
Janar bayanin | Farawa iri-iri na nau'in kayyade |
Originator | Rasha |
Rubening | Kwanaki 95-110 |
Form | Elongated cylindrical |
Launi | Red |
Tsarin tumatir na tsakiya | 50-60 grams |
Aikace-aikacen | Universal |
Yanayi iri | har zuwa 8 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Fasali na girma | Babu fiye da 4 bushes a kowace murabba'in mita |
Cutar juriya | Ana buƙatar rigakafi |
Yawancin zaɓi na Rasha, ya dace da noma a duk yankuna na Rasha, sai dai Arewa. Dasa a bude ƙasa, a greenhouses da kuma karkashin fim, a gilashin ko polycarbonate greenhouses bada shawarar. A cikin yanayi na greenhouse, fruiting fara makonni 2 baya kuma yana har sai sanyi.
Ƙananan bishiyoyi za a iya dasa su a cikin tukwane da fure-fure da kuma sanya su a kan loggias da shinge windows. An girbe girbi da kuma jure yanayin sufuri.
Shuttle - wani tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire. 95-110 days wuce daga shuka tsaba zuwa samar da 'ya'yan itace. Gudun Bush, mai mahimmanci, nau'i mai tushe. Game da karatun indeterminantny karanta a nan. Girman tsire-tsire ba ya wuce 50 cm Yawan nau'in koreyar duhu shine matsakaici, daji ba ya buƙatar samuwa da fatar jiki. A kan rassan da 6-10 ovaries suka samar, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ne a cikin rani.
Daga cikin manyan abubuwanda ke amfani da su:
- tumatir "Kifi" yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau;
- dadi, 'ya'yan itace;
- Ƙaramin tsire-tsire suna adana sararin samaniya a cikin gandun daji ko a gonar;
- wani lokaci mai tsayi, tumatir ya fara daga watan Yuni zuwa sanyi;
- rashin kulawa;
- sanyi sanyi;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa sun dace da sabon amfani, kazalika da canning.
Kuna iya kwatanta yawan amfanin da ake amfani da shi a cikin Wuta da wasu iri a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:
Sunan suna | Yawo |
Kuskure | har zuwa 8 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Girman Rasha | 7-8 kg da murabba'in mita |
Sarkin sarakuna | 5 kg daga wani daji |
Mai tsaron lokaci | 4-6 kg daga wani daji |
Kyauta Kyauta ta Grandma | har zuwa 6 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Podnukoe mu'ujiza | 5-6 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Brown sukari | 6-7 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Amurka ribbed | 5.5 kg daga wani daji |
Rocket | 6.5 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
De barao giant | 20-22 kg daga wani daji |
Duk da amfani mai yawa, da iri-iri yana da wasu ƙananan ƙira.:
- Tumatir na buƙatar matakan da za a yi da magungunan marigayi da cututtukan cututtukan hoto;
- Bushes jure yanayin zafi mara kyau, amma a cikin sanyi mai sanyi yawan adadin ovaries ya rage.
Halaye
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna elongated, cylindrical a siffar, tare da nuna tip, dimbin yawa kamar barkono mai dadi. A taro na kowace tumatir 50-60 g. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne sosai m, ni'ima sweetish, fleshy. Ƙananan ɗakuna kaɗan, ƙananan fataccen fata suna kare tumatir daga fashewa. Babban abun ciki na gina jiki yana sa 'ya'yan itace su dace da abincin baby.
Zaka iya kwatanta nauyin 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da sauran nau'in a teburin da ke ƙasa:
Sunan suna | Girman nauyin (grams) |
Kuskure | 50-60 |
Fatima | 300-400 |
Caspar | 80-120 |
Golden Fleece | 85-100 |
Diva | 120 |
Irina | 120 |
Batyana | 250-400 |
Dubrava | 60-105 |
Nastya | 150-200 |
Mazarin | 300-600 |
Pink Lady | 230-280 |
Tumatir ne m, sun dace da salads, gefe yi jita-jita, soups da kuma biredi. Za su iya zama gwangwani: gwangwani, abincin tsami, bushe, amfani da kayan lambu kayan lambu. Kullun fata yana kare kyakkyawan bayyanar tumatir. Tumatir "Kutsi" za a iya amfani dashi don yin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, shi ya juya lokacin farin ciki, mai dadi-musa.
Waɗanne iri dake da kariya mai kyau da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa? Abin da asirin da kake bukata don sanin lokacin da kuka fara girma?
Hotuna
Yanzu kun san bayanin irin tumatir iri iri kuma zaka iya ganin tumatir "Kutsa" a kan hoton:
Fasali na girma
Dangane da yankin, ana shuka tsaba a kan seedlings a cikin marigayi Fabrairu ko farkon Maris. Yana yiwuwa a yi girma seedlings na tumatir "Kutsi" ba tare da dauka ba. Don haka, ana shuka tsaba a babban lokaci (4-6 cm). Akwatin da seedlings an rufe shi da wani fim kuma an sanya shi cikin zafi (musamman na kananan-greenhouses za'a iya amfani dashi). Don ci gaba da ƙwayar cuta yana buƙatar cikewar zafin jiki ba kasa da digiri 25 ba. Tsarin ci gaba zai bunkasa aikin.
Bayan fitarwa daga cikin kwantena kwantena suna fallasa haske. Tumatir yana buƙatar rana, a cikin yanayin hadari za a iya haskaka su da lantarki fitilu.
Watering yana da matsakaici, a farkon kwanakin da ya dace don amfani da bindigogi. Ya kamata ruwan ya zama mai laushi, dakin da zafin jiki. Cold ruwa zai ragu da ci gaban seedlings na dogon lokaci. Bayan ganowa na gaskiya na gaskiya 2-3, tsire-tsire suna nutsewa.
Don dasa shi yana dace don amfani da tukwane, wanda aka toshe a cikin ƙasa. An sanya tukwane a matsayin kyauta yayinda zai yiwu kada ganye ta taɓa. Bayan daukana, an yi amfani da takin mai da takin mai ƙwayar ruwa.
Ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire a farkon watan Mayu, ana yaduwa da bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa. Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a sassauta ƙasa a hankali, 1 tbsp ya kamata a kara shi da kyau. cokali mai mahimmanci taki.
Yayinda ake amfani da takin mai magani don tumatir.:
- Organic.
- Yisti
- Iodine
- Hydrogen peroxide.
- Ammoniya.
- Ash.
- Boric acid.
A kan 1 square. Zan iya saukar da 4 daji. Bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shayarwa. An dasa shi a lambun bude ƙasa tumatir a farkon kwanakin rufe tare da tsare. Kada ku yi watsi da mulching.
Bushes ba sa buƙatar samuwar da kuma ɗaure, don hasken hasken rana ya shiga cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa, zaka iya cire ƙananan ganye a kan tsire-tsire. A lokacin kakar an bada shawara don gudanar da gyare-gyare 3-4 tare da ƙwayar ruwa. Watering bukatar tumatir bayan kwanaki 6-7, a cikin zafi na watering ne da za'ayi sau da yawa. Tumatir ba sa son damshi mai laushi a cikin ƙasa, tsakanin ban ruwa, saman saman ƙasa ya bushe.
Wane ƙasa ya kamata a yi amfani dashi don dasa shuki seedlings, kuma wace gonar girma?
Cututtuka da kwari
Tumatir na bukatar kariya daga manyan cututtukan hoto da cututtuka. Dole ne a sake sabunta magunguna a kowace shekara, domin rigakafin kasar gona an zubar da shi sosai da wani bayani mai ruwa na potassium permanganate ko jan karfe sulfate. Wannan hanya zai taimaka halakar fungal pathogens.
Don yin rigakafi na marigayi, an bada shawara don fesa da bishiyoyi tare da shirye-shirye na jan ƙarfe. Dama da aka lalace ko 'ya'yan itatuwa nan da nan karya kashe kuma ƙone. Akwai irin tumatir wadanda basu da saukin kamuwa da wannan cuta. Ya kamata a yi amfani da greenhouse akai-akai saboda iska ba ta da zafi sosai. Rashin hana cututtuka na bidiyo mai cututtuka zai taimaka maɓallin ƙasa. Za a iya dasa tumatir a cikin gadaje, wanda aka shafe ta da nightshade: sauran nau'in tumatir, eggplants, barkono, dankali.
Tsarin tsaka-tsakin tumatir don tumatir iri-iri ne, da kabeji, karas, ko kayan yaji.
A waje, shuke-shuke sukan shawo kan kwari. Don hana haɗarsu, kasar gona ta kamata a cike da peat, bambaro ko humus. Ya kamata a cire ananan weeds. Dasa dole ne sau da yawa duba, neman karkashin ganye. Bayan samun ƙwayoyin kwari, an tattara su ta hanyar hannayensu ko wanke su da ruwan dumi tare da kara sabin wanke wanki.
Don rabu da mu slugs zai taimaka wani mai ruwa-ruwa bayani na ammoniya, wanda lokaci-lokaci fesa dasa. Don tsoratar da ƙwayoyin kwari suna iya shuka shuke-shuke tsire-tsire masu shuka tare da ridges: faski, Mint, da seleri.
Idan akwai mummunan lalacewar ta hanyar kwari, ana iya maganin tumatir da kwari. Gwaji yana ciyar sau 2-3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki da yawa. Za a iya aiwatar da tukin kafin a fara kafa ovaries, a lokacin da ake amfani da kwayoyi masu guba.
Kammalawa
Tumatir Shuttle - yana da alamar rahama iri-iri, manufa ga masu novice lambu. Tumatir suna girma a cikin gadaje, greenhouses da greenhouses, da 'ya'yan itatuwa tattara an yi amfani dashi a cikin dafa abinci. Ƙananan bishiyoyi suna adana sarari a gonar, kuma idan ya cancanta za'a sanya su a cikin tukwane da girma a gida.
Da ke ƙasa za ku sami hanyoyi zuwa iri dake tumatir tare da sharuɗɗa iri-iri:
Matsakaici da wuri | Late-ripening | Mid-kakar |
New Transnistria | Rocket | Gaskiya |
Pullet | Amurka ribbed | Red pear |
Sugar giant | De barao | Chernomor |
Torbay f1 | Titan | Benito F1 |
Tretyakovsky | Mai tsaron lokaci | Bulus Robson |
Black Crimea | Sarkin sarakuna | Ƙari giwa |
Chio Chio San | Girman Rasha | Mashenka |