Eremurus shine tsire-tsire na perennial tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan inflorescences. Yana daga cikin dangin Xanthorrhoea. Homelandasar mahaifarta ita ce lardin Eurasia. A cikin ƙasarmu, eremurus shine mafi kyawun sananne da "bayanansh". Ana iya fassara sunan farko daga Girkanci a matsayin "wutsiyar hamada". Yana nuna mazaunin da siffar inflorescences. A shuka sosai unpretentious, riga a ƙarshen spring shi faranta wa lambu da haske da kuma m inflorescences. Eremurus zai yi ado da kyau na lambun bazara kuma zai jawo hankalin ba kawai gidaje ba, har ma da masu wucewa.
Bayanin Botanical
Eremurus tsirrai ne na zamani. Yana da babban rhizome tare da mai kara mai kaifi a cikin cibiyar, daga wanda tushen saukakken lokacin farin ciki ya tashi. Kowace shekara, hanyoyin suna mutuwa, suna haifar da wani ɓoye ko “ƙasa” a sashin tsakiya. Tsawon furen yana kan kusan 100-150 cm, amma akwai samfurori masu tsayi har zuwa 2.5 m high.
A gindin duniya akwai ɗan itacen fari na ganye. Ruwan duhu mai duhu trihedral girma ya girma zuwa 100 cm a tsawon. Farashin mai laushi, faranti masu tauri suna da tsari mai tsari. Wani lokacin sukanyi waje. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, karar itace mai ɓoyayyiyar jiki ya fito daga tsakiyar ruwar ganye. A samansa an yi wa ado da tseren tsere game da tsawon 1 m.
Whitish, launin toka-ja, rawaya, ruwan hoda ko furanni-launin ruwan kasa suna kusa da juna. Corollas a cikin siffar karrarawa yana fara buɗewa a gindi daga cikin shinge a cikin karkace. Kowane fure yana rayuwa ba dare ba rana. Gaba ɗaya, lokacin furanni na shuka ɗaya ya wuce kwana 40. A wannan lokacin, eremurus yana jan hankalin ƙudan zuma da yawa da sauran kwari masu amfani, saboda haka itace shuka mai kyau na zuma.
Bayan pollination, 'ya'yan itãcen ripen - zagaye, fleshy iri capsules. A ciki akwai ɓangarori biyu da ke rarraba sararin zuwa sassa uku. Suna dauke da kananan tsaba, tare da gogewar launin ruwan kasa mai laushi.
Rayuwar rayuwar eremurus tana da kyau. Ganyen farko sun bayyana a cikin manyan dusar kankara. A tsakiyar bazara, lokacin farin ciki ya fara girma, kuma a watan Mayu, furanni suka fara toho. Wani lokacin zasu iya fama da sanyi daga lokacin sanyi. A tsakiyar watan Yuni, fure ya ƙare kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa suka fara farawa. A ƙarshen watan sun bushe, kamar sauran sassan shuka. Eremurus ya shiga cikin rashin himma, duk ɓangaren ƙasa ya mutu. Dole ne a yi la’akari da hakan yayin yin zane-zane na fure, domin shafin bai zama komai ba.
Iri da nau'ikan eremurus
Halittar eremurus yana da nau'ikan tsirrai 60. Dukkansu suna cikakke daidai, sabili da haka, ban da manyan iri, akwai hybrids masu yawa. A Rasha, 'yan kalilan ne kawai suka zama ruwan dare.
Eremurus Echison. Ana samun tsire-tsire a kan matattarar tataccen dutsen da ke kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Yana blooms ɗayan farko a watan Afrilu, amma iri-iri shima yana da ɗan gajeren girma. Ruwan ganye yana da ganyayyaki 27 masu haske masu haske tsawon rai. A kan tsalle mai tsayi har zuwa 1 m tsawo, tseren tsere inflorescence blooms. Zuciyarsa ta kai cm 17 cm 120-300 na iya kafawa a kan shuka ɗaya. Akwai nau'ikan launuka da fararen furanni, shuɗi da furanni mai haske.
Eremurus Alberta yana girma a cikin kwari kwarin kuma ya kai tsawo na cm 120. Bare, ganyayyaki madaidaiciya ana fentin su a cikin duhu kore. A tsakiyar babban sitaci ne da fure mai launin shuɗi. Samansa yana ado tare da sako mara nauyi na tsawon cm 60 cm. Farar fata tana ɗauke da kayan adon kaya.
Eremurus mai iko yayi girma a tsaunuka. Tana da tushen launin ruwan kasa fuskoki da ganyen da aka bari. Ruwan ganye mai layi mai duhu duhu an rufe shi da fure mai haske. Kyakkyawan kara mai launin kore mai-launin kore yana girma 1.2 m ba ga tsawo. An yi masa ado tare da inflorescence na silili. A kan sanduna ɗaya akwai kusan ƙananan fyaɗe masu ruwan hoda 1000 tare da launin ruwan hoda ko fararen fata.
Eremurus Olga. Shuka ba ta wuce mita 1.5 ba. Painaƙƙarfan ingarma mai fasalin launuka yana fentin fari. Ya ƙunshi manyan kararrawa masu launin dimbin yawa.
Eremurus Cleopatra. Dankin yana da kyau musamman saboda launi mai haske na furanni. A kara har zuwa 120 cm tsayi, kananan furanni masu ruwan hoda, masu ruwan fure. Suna da kusanci da juna da kuma samar da ci gaba da sutura ta ƙusa a farfajiyar.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Eremurus yana yaduwa ta hanyar shuka tsaba da rarraba rhizome. Don tara tsaba, ya zama dole don yanke ciyawar fure mai bushewa tare da kwalaye iri kuma a bushe shi a cikin iska a ƙarƙashin wata alfarwa. Sa'an nan dole ne a 'yantar da tsaba daga kwasfa. A watan Oktoba, ana shuka su nan da nan a buɗe. Don yin wannan, tono ƙasa, matakin kuma sanya tsagi tare da zurfin 1.5 cm. An rarraba tsaba a ko'ina cikin ramuka, sannan kuma yafa masa ƙasa. A cikin bazara, harbe na farko sun bayyana, suna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa sosai. Ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire matasa a hankali a kuma sako kullun daga ciyawa. Flow yana yiwuwa tsawon shekaru 4-5 na rayuwa.
A cikin yankuna masu tsananin sanyi, ana bada shawara don fara shuka seedlings. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena tare da yashi mai kwance da ƙasa na peat a watan Oktoba. Wajibi ne a sanya su a cikin zurfin 1-1.5 cm. Ana ajiye akwati a zazzabi na + 15 ° C har zuwa lokacin bazara. A watan Maris, farkon harbe suka bayyana. Shuke-shuke tare da ganye na zahiri biyu ana shuka su cikin ƙananan tukwane daban. A lokacin rani ana kiyaye su akan titi. Lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, sai a koma tukwane zuwa wuri mai duhu. A cikin kaka, ana barin seedlings a kan titi, amma an rufe shi da rassan spruce da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi zuwa tsawo na cm 20. dasa shuki a buɗe ƙasa ana yin shi ne kawai faɗuwa ta gaba.
Rarrafin rhizomes ana yin sa ne a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da ɓangaren ƙasa ya mutu matacce. A watan Agusta, gaba daya sun tono tushen tare da dunƙule dunƙule na ƙasa, don kar su lalata matakan gefuna. An yayyafa shi cikin ruwa kuma an 'yantar da shi daga ƙasa. Sannan rhizome ya bushe kuma ya kasu kashi da yawa. Ana bi da wuraren da aka yanyanka da baƙin gawayi. Ana adana sassan tushe na makonni da yawa a cikin wuri mai sanyi, bushe. Ana saukowa a cikin ƙasa buɗe a ƙarshen Satumba ko Oktoba. Zuwa lokacin bazara mai zuwa, kowane rabe yana samar da kayan ganye.
Saukowa da kulawa
Don eremurus, kuna buƙatar neman rana, bude wuri a cikin lambu. Furen ba ya jin tsoron zanawa da iska mai ƙarfi na iska. Duk da cewa karsashinta sunyi girma sosai, guguwa kawai take iya bugun ta. Dukkanin hanyoyin dasawa da dasawa ana yin su ne a watan Agusta-Satumba. Shouldasar ta zama mai kyau-drained. Matsakaicin ruwan karkashin kasa ko jikkunan ruwa ba a so, saboda Tushen suna kula da tururuwar danshi kuma suna iya lalacewa. Ya kamata a zaɓi baƙin alkaline ko ƙasa tsaka tsaki.
Eremurus bashi da wasu ƙayyadaddun buƙatu na amfanin ƙasa. Koyaya, an lura da cewa yayin da yake da ƙasa mai saurin haihuwa, daga baya matasa seedling zasu yi fure (zai girma tushen taro shekaru da yawa), amma akan kasa mara kyau, fure ya fara shekaru 1-2 a baya. Lokacin saukarwa a kasan ramin, ana bada shawara a zuba wani yanki na ɓarnar ko ɓarnar dutse. Wannan zai samar da kyakkyawan malalewa. Don inganta abun da ke ciki na ƙasa, ganye humus, turfy ƙasa da yashi ya kamata a ƙara shi. Nisa tsakanin furucin ya dogara da nau'in shuka. An dasa manyan samfurori a nesa na 40-50 cm daga juna, ƙaramin isa 25-30 cm na sarari kyauta.
A lokacin tsirrai masu aiki, eremurus yana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa da kuma na yau da kullun. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci kada ku wuce shi. Idan bazara mai ruwa sosai, ba a buƙata ban ruwa. In ba haka ba, ba za a iya kawar da ɓarnar ruwa ba. Lokacin da blooming na eremurus ya ƙare, ya kamata a rage raguwar ruwa ko tsayawa gaba ɗaya. A cikin ƙasa na shuka, fari ya fara a wannan lokacin, don haka danshi ƙasa mai yawa yana iya lalata rhizome.
Don fure mai yawa, takin zamani ne babu makawa. An gabatar da riguna na gargajiya na Organic a farkon bazara. Kafin hunturu, ana yin ciyawar ƙasa tare da foda superphosphate, kuma ciyawa ƙasa tare da takin ko ɗanɗano da aka bushe. Yana da mahimmanci a iyakance adadin salts na nitrogen, tunda yawan su ya rage zafin hunturu na tsirrai.
Ilasa ƙarƙashin primus ya kamata a kai a kai sako don iska ta shiga mafi kyau ga Tushen, da kuma weeds kada hana furanni.
A tsakiyar Rasha, eremurus kullun hunturu ba tare da tsari. Lokacin girma iri dake nuna zafi-hunturu don hunturu, an cika ƙasa da peat. Hakan bashi da ma'ana don tono Tushen da kuma sanya su dumi har sai spring, kamar yadda seedlings tashi tsawon lokaci kafin dasa.
A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, lokacin da ciyayi ke bushewa, ya zama dole don datsa ciyawar fure sannan kuma ganyen farko. Wannan zai taimaka wajen adana kwalliyar ado ta fure.
Cutar da kwari
Mafi yawan kwari da aka fi sani da eremurus sune slugs da katantanwa. Suna murna da daskararre wani tushe mai ɗanɗano kuma suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace a shuka. Tushen da kangararre kuma zasu iya fama da hare-hare ta hanyar beraye da moles. Tare da kulawa da rashin kyau game da eremurus da ambaliyar ruwa na ƙasa, tushen rot zai iya haɓaka. Dole ne a datse wuraren da cutar ta shafa da kyau tare da ash ko fungicides.
Wani lokaci cutar hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri kamuwa da cuta ta girma da harbewa. Babban fasalulluka sune kaɗaɗɗen rawaya masu launin shuɗi daga ƙasa. Ba shi yiwuwa a ceci tsire-tsire marasa lafiya. Wajibi ne a yanke su tare da halaka su da wuri-wuri don hana ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta na lambun fure.
Eremurus a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Tall da yawa inflorescences na eremurus suna da kyau a cikin rukuni da shuka iri. Zasu iya aiwatar da aikin yanar gizon, yin kwalliya da shinge da kuma gina gida, sannan kuma su dasa shukar fure a bango. Ana amfani da Fawn da dusar ƙanƙara fari-fari, rawaya mai ruwan hoda da ruwan hoda don tsara yanayin ƙasa ko hamada.
A cikin shirye-shiryen fure, mafi kyawun maƙwabta don eremurus sune tulips, peonies, irises, mallow, yuccas da hatsi. Lokacin zabar furanni don gado na fure, ya zama dole a mai da hankali kan irin yanayin tsarewar. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu yi fure a biyun. Don haka yana yiwuwa a sami ci gaba na fure tun daga farkon bazara har zuwa lokacin sanyi.
