Ludisia mai daraja tana ɗaya daga cikin wakilan iyalin Orchid. Yana fasalin babban ganye wanda ke farantawa lambu da launinsu. Musamman masu ɗaukar hoto shine tsarin layin azurfa akan duhu mai duhu na takardar. Furanni furanni ne, masu kama da lu'ulu'u. Asalin wannan nau'in orchids shine gandun daji na Tsakiya da Gabas ta Asiya. Soilasa ko ganuwar kogon, waɗanda aka rufe da daskararru masu yawa, sun dace da ita. Saboda haka sunansa na biyu - earthen orchid.
Iri orchids ludisia
A cikin yanayin, ludisia ta wanzu a cikin nau'i ɗaya kawai. Godiya ga shayarwa, yawancin rarar shuka, wanda aka girma a gida, an shayar da su. Kowannensu yana da nasa zest, wanda ke ɗaukar masoya orchid.
Ludisia mai daraja - wakilin gidan Orchid
Ludisia mai launi
Ludisia mai launuka masu yawa - wakilin kyawawan orchids masu daraja, wanda alamomin ke rarrabewa, a saman su daga ganye 3 zuwa 6. Babban inuwarsu duhu ne kore, mai narkewa da jijiyoyin haske. Wani reshe tare da inflorescences yana girma zuwa 20 cm a tsayi, wanda akan sanya furen furanni da yawa tare da anhs mai haske a tsakiya. Leɓen fure ya ɗan nishi gefe.
Ludisia discolor
Ludisia discolor ita ce kawai misalin da ake samu a yanayi. Ya na creeping mai tushe ƙare tare da Rosette na ganyen cikakken koren launi. A matsayin fure na ornamental, an gabatar dashi da yawa nau'ikan:
- Dawsoniana - ya bambanta da manyan siffofin. Tsawonsa ya kai kusan cm 8. Launin launin shuɗi mai launin ja-ruwan hoda tare da tsarin zinare masu ruwan shuɗi;
- Odina - Castings duhu kore tare da bambanta layin azurfa, interwoven a cikin ainihin tsarin;
- Karammiski - yana da halayyar launi da tsarin furen. Ganyayyaki suna jin kamar karammiski waƙa, wanda aka ba shi da yanayin bambanci.
Ruwan Ludisia
Daban-daban na ado orchids na ado suna da yanayin zama mai ban mamaki a kan ganye, cin nasara tare da launuka iri-iri:
- Makodes Petola - orchid kore tare da ambaliya mai gudana. A kan wannan bangon, tsarin zinare na zinare, ya haɗa ta da kayan ado na gizo-gizo, flaunts. Ganyayyaki sun yi girma har zuwa 9 cm a tsawon kuma 5 cm a faɗi. A inflorescence na daga 8 zuwa 15 minibutons na burgundy inuwa tare da lebe shudi;
- Gudayer - yana da faranti masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka iri-iri. Bugu da kari, ganyen magarya na jijiyoyin haske mai launin ja, fararen fata da launuka masu kyau suna qawata ganyen.
Launin ganyen Ludisia ya mamaye ta da ainihin launi
Yadda ake kulawa a gida
Iyalin Orchid sun ƙunshi babban jerin nau'ikan iri da iri. Yawancin su suna son rai, suna buƙatar yanayi na musamman don girma da haihuwa. Ludisia tsire-tsire ne marasa misaltawa, don haka kula da shi mai sauƙi ne. Amma, duk da wannan, akwai lokuta na mutuwar kwatsam na fure. Don hana matsala, kuna buƙatar gano abin da ludisia ke buƙatar kulawa ta gida.
Zazzabi
Hanya mai mahimmanci don haɓakar ɗan shuka ita ce yarda da tsarin zafin jiki. Ludisia na iya haɓakawa a zazzabi of 10 ° C zuwa 37 ° C. Amma yana da kyau kar a kawo irin wannan bambance-bambance a gida. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine daga 20 ° C zuwa 29 ° C. A lokaci guda, manuniya ya kamata ya zama digiri da yawa ƙasa da dare fiye da lokacin rana. Wannan wani fifiko ne game da cigaban fure, samuwar fure furen. A lokacin sanyi, yawan zafin jiki yakamata yakai 18 ° C. A ƙarƙashin duk yanayi, fure na orchids zai kasance yalwatacce kuma zai yi tsawo.
Jin zafi
Ludizia tana jin daɗi a matakan zafi. Mafi kyawun kashi 70%. Yana da mahimmanci don kula da yanayin da ake so a cikin gidan. An hana shi sosai don fesa shuka. Saukad da ƙasa na ganyayyaki da furanni suna barin halayen da ba za'a iya bayyanawa ba bayan fitowar ruwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da su.
Don kiyaye yanayin zafi da kyau, yana da kyau a sanya akwati na ruwa a cikin kusancin furanni. Kasancewar rigar da aka fadada a cikin kwanon rufi tare da shuka yana taimakawa.
Mahimmanci! Babu matsala ya kamata ka sanya orchid kusa da batura mai dumama. Wannan cutarwa ce ga fure: ƙarshen ganyayyakin sun fara bushewa, ciyawar ƙwallon inflorescences crumble yayin fure.
Baya ga kiyaye madaidaicin matakin danshi, yin ruwa yana taka rawa ta musamman ga kulawar ludisia. Kada a taɓa bushewa da ƙasa. Yakamata ya kasance mai laushi koyaushe. Amma wuce shi da ruwa shima bai cancanta ba. M ruwa a cikin tukunya tare da orchid take kaiwa zuwa Rotting na asalinsu.
Biya a hankali ga ruwan da aka shayar da orchid. Yanayin sa zai dace da zazzabi dakin. Ana gudanar da ruwa a hanya ta asali: tukunya da keɓaɓɓiyar ruwa tana nutsar da ita a cikin akwati na ruwa na mintina da yawa, sannan kuma an cire ta kuma sanya shi a cikin wurin da aka saba shuka.
Dole ne a rufe farfajiyar ƙasa tare da gansakuka, wanda dole ne yakamata a kasance da danshi
Haske mai kyau
Ludisia orchid mallakar tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna. Dole a sanya shi cikin wurare masu dumin haske. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan windows suna fuskantar yamma da arewa. Sau da yawa ana sanya orchid na wannan nau'in a bayan ɗakin. A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana bayar da haske ta hanyar phytolamps. Wannan dabarar tana isa tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata na hasken rana, wato, awanni 12-14. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin hunturu.
Manyan miya
Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci wajibi ne don takin shuka:
- yayin ci gaba mai ƙarfi - sau 2 a wata;
- a cikin al'ada - yi takin gargajiya na orchids sau 1 a kowane wata.
An sayi takin zamani a cikin shagon fure na musamman.
Kasar
Kasar gona mai tsabta tare da tsaka tsaki acid ya dace da orchids. Dole ne substrate ya kyale izinin danshi da iska su wuce. Wadannan halaye suna da nau'ikan ƙasa da yawa da za a iya amfani da su don dasa ludisia:
- kwalliya na kwalliya, dalla-dalla a cikin ƙananan gutsuttsura, a haɗe tare da ɗanɗanar ganyayyaki da peat. Abubuwan da aka tsara - 1: 1: 2;
- Tushen fern Tushen, m yashi, peat da sphagnum. Dole ne a ɗauka waɗannan kayan haɗin guda ɗaya;
- Pine needles, peat, sphagnum, sheet sheet, gawayi daga Birch, styrofoam. An kafa wannan saitin a cikin rabo 4: 4: 4: 4: 1: 1, bi da bi.
Don bayani! Abun iyawa don saukowa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da fadi. Fuska ta farko itace magudanar ruwa koyaushe. A cikin ingancinsa, ana amfani da kumfa ko yumɓu mai yumɓu. Sannan an zuba ƙasa don ludisia, kuma an ɗora ƙura a saman. Wajibi ne a lura da yanayinsa, sanyaya shi a koda yaushe.
Misalai na yaduwar ludisia ta itace
A gida, yaduwa da ludisia ta hanyar itace al'ada ce da aka saba. Don yin wannan, zaɓi sassan da suke da harbe uku.
A kan ganyayyaki na orchids a ƙarƙashin ganye zaka iya gano ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Daga cikin waɗannan, sababbin harbe suna bayyana a cikin wani tsiro. Don samun gangar jikin itace, kuna buƙatar yanke saman tushe millan milimita da ke ƙasa da irin wannan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Abubuwan da aka haifar suna sanya shi cikin ruwa kuma suna jiran Tushen ya bayyana. Yawancin lokaci sukan fara warwarewa bayan kwanaki 10-14. Bayan wannan, ana shuka iri a cikin ƙasa a matsayin shuka mai zaman kanta.
Don germination, an sanya cuttings a cikin gilashin ruwa ko an aza shi a kan rigar ƙarfe
Mahimmanci! Ba wai kawai fi na mai tushe tare da uku harbe iya aiki kamar yadda cuttings. A bisa ka'ida, idan tushe yana da tsawo, to ana iya yanke shi zuwa sassa da dama. Babban abu shi ne cewa akalla tubercles guda biyu suna nan akan kowane ɗayan - kodan axillary.
Don ƙirƙirar tushen, ba lallai ba ne don sanya peran a cikin gilashi da ruwa. Ana iya yada su a kan ciyawa mai narkewa ko firam na kwakwa. Sannan an rufe tanki don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse. Ana lura da yanayin da ake keɓancewa a kai a kai, a kai a kai a kai a kai mai ɗaukar ruwa.
Don haka, Ludisia orchid kyakkyawa ce mai kyau don haɓaka gida. Babban abu shine saka idanu game da shayarwa da yawan zafin jiki, kuma idan lokaci ya yi, ku samo yankuna don yadu da nau'ikan da kuka fi so kuma, wataƙila, ku sami wadatar kuɗin ku ta hanyar sayar wa sauran manoma.
