Sunflower yana daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa, ba kawai saboda siffar mai kyau da haske ba, amma har ma a matsayin tushen man fetur.
Ba a bayyana cikakkiyar tasirin wannan al'ada ba, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a samar da sababbin sababbin abubuwa da suka wuce tsofaffi bisa ga alamun nuna alama.
Yana da game da sabon hybrids da iri-bred iri da za a tattauna.
Iri-iri "Jason"
Wannan sunflower ne matasan. An janye shi a Serbia. Tsarin yana da yawa ga wannan jinsin, yana girma a tsawo har zuwa 160-185 cm.
Lokacin da ake ciyayi yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 107-110, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a nuna wannan iri-iri a farkon girka. Kwandon a "Jason" yana da matsakaiciyar girman, tare da diamita na har zuwa 18-24 cm, dan kadan ya lalata.
Da tsaba suna launin toka-ragu, da mai a cikinsu yana da kusan 49.7-50.4%. Kwayoyi 1000 suna kimanin kimanin 93. An rarraba tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na Jason.
Jagora saita as manseed. Parzirichnost da huskiness na tsaba daidai yake da 99.7% da 21-22%, bi da bi.
Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa a kowace hectare shine kimanin 4-4.2 ton na sunflowers. Tsire-tsire na wannan iri-iri suna girma a hankali a yanayin da aka dasa shuki sosai, ba su da crumble, suna da matukar damuwa don sauka, amma zasu iya fama da fari da zafi.
Amma ga cututtuka, ba irin nau'in dew zai cutar da wannan hasken rana ba, amma daban-daban na rot zai iya kwashe amfanin gona.
A ware "Lux"
Wannan iri-iri na sunflower ne sakamakon binciken da kyau na shuke-shuke na iri-iri Donskoy Koroplodnoy. Godiya ga irin wannan "iyaye" mai kyau, alamar sunadarai iri iri ba cututtukan cututtuka bawanda ya buga abin da ake kira sunflowers.
Wannan iri-iri yana da kyau sosai, amma yawancin ɓangaren fasalinsa. Anyi jinkiri noma, a matsakaita, tsawon kwanaki 100-105, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a rarraba "Lux" a matsayin farkon iri-iri.
Yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da tsayi sosai, kusan nauyin 3.2-3.4 na sunflowers a kowace hectare na filin. Wannan iri-iri yana da kyau saboda yana da manyan tsaba, nauyin nau'i 1000 ya kai 135-145 g. Nau'ikan ne babba, kusa da ganuwar tsaba ba ma da karfi ba.
A tsawo na shuka zai iya kai 175-185 cm, kuma kwando a diamita girma zuwa 25-27 cm, yana da dan kadan convex siffar, da kuma saukar da ƙasa. Oiliness ne 44.4%, da kuma desimentation 20%.
Sunflowers iri dake "Lux" ba a taɓa shawo kan su ba daban-daban ta daban-daban na broomrape, rot, verticillosis da fomopsisom, amma ƙwayar mildew zai iya zama dan kadan. Har ila yau wannan hasken rana babban shuka zuma. An bayyana shi da matsanancin juriya na fari, yana tsiro a kowane ƙasa da yanayi. Don "Lux" fatal thickening.
Iri-iri "Oreshek"
An shayar da shi saboda sakamakon iri iri na gurasar "Gourmand" da "SEC". Yana nufin farkon maturing. Ya dace da girma a kowace yanayin da ke dace da al'adun wannan al'ada.
Girman sunadarai iri iri "Oreshek", wanda ya kai 160-170 cm, yayi girma a cikin kwanaki 103-104. Yawan sunadarai na launin baki, an rufe su da ratsan launin fata na launin toka.
Irin nau'in iri ne mai zurfi, girman girman - 1000 tsaba yana auna 145-150 grams idan an kiyaye ka'idodin noma.
Tsire-tsire suna Bloom kuma suna haɗuwa da juna, ana ɗaukar tsaba a sama har ma a yanayin yanayi mafi munin. Yawan man fetur a cikin murjani ya kai 46-50%.
Yawan aiki yana da yawa, a kowace hectare na 3.2-3.5 ton na yawan amfanin ƙasa. Suna da nau'in rigakafi mai laushi zuwa broomrape da sunflower moths, kuma kusan basu mai saukin kamuwa da shan kashi na downy powdery mildew da Phomopsis.
Har ila yau, yana da sha'awa a karanta game da nau'in pears.
Bambancin "Gourmand"
"Iyaye" na wannan iri-iri sune kwayoyin halittun "SPK", waɗanda aka zaɓa musamman a kowannensu.
"Gourmand" yana da nau'in iri-iri masu yawa matures sauri isa - na kwanaki 105-110. Flowering da ripening masu hada kai. Bushes suna da yawa, har zuwa 1.9 m, an kwashe kwandon, an isar da shi a wurin yin amfani da sunflower tsaba, na matsakaicin diamita.
Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa , a kan mazauna 31-35 daga 1 hectare na yankin. Manufar iri-iri shine duniya, saboda, saboda dandano mai kyau, waɗannan tsaba sun dace da masana'antun kayan kirki, kuma saboda yawan abincin man fetur (50%) na 'ya'yansu, yana yiwuwa a yi samfurin.
Yawan man fetur zai kasance kusan 1.4 ton a kowace hectare. Tsaran da kansu sune manyan, elongated, kashi 1000 a nauyi za su isa 130 g. Medonos daga Gourmet yana da kyau kwarai.
Har ila yau, waɗannan tsire-tsire basu buƙatar magungunan kashe qwari a lokacin namo, domin suna iya girma zuwa girman girman kai da yanayin rashin talauci. Ba ya da zafi a cikin zafi, ba a kashe shi ba kuma baya karya. Ba shi da tsari ga moths, broomrape, powdery mildew.
A ware "Gyara"
Hybrid. A sakamakon zabin, Na sami juriya ga sclerotinia, jinsi na sunflower broomrape da fomopsis. Kusan bazai sha wahala daga iri iri iri ba.
Yana nufin zuwa matsakaici-farkon iri. Abincin yana daukan kwanaki 104-108. A farkon matakai yana tasowa da sauri, bazai sha wahala ba daga rashin dadi da yanayin zafi, mai tushe ba ya zauna, kuma tsire-tsire suna sassauka sosai, kuma tsawo na mai tushe a cikin filin yana kusa da wannan, wanda zai sa ya sauƙi girbi.
Tsawancin tsire-tsire ya kai 182-187 cm. Diamita na kwandon na 15-20 cm, a siffar shi dan kadan ne, saukar da ƙasa. Jagoran wannan matasan sunflower oilseed, kamar yadda yawan kayan lambu mai ma'ana ya kai 49.3-49.7%.
Huddle da kuma kayan da ke cikin makamai sune 21-22% da 99.7%, bi da bi. Tsarin kanta yana da duhu, duhu, ratsan suna kuma duhu, matsakaicin matsakaici. Nauyin nauyin tsaba 1000 ya bambanta game da 90 g, 97% na amfanin gona suna girma. 43-44 tsakiya na amfanin gona za a iya girbe a kowace hectare.
Tana "Oliver"
Wani samfurori na aikin Serbia tare da gajeren lokaci (90-95). Tsire-tsire suna da ƙasa, 135-145 cm ba tsawo, ba reshe ba, tare da tsarin tushen karfi wanda ya shiga zurfin 1.5-2 m. Kwanduna masu tsaka-tsalle suna da zurfi, saboda haka suna da ruwa mai ban sha'awa, har ma a fagen shimfiɗar sunflower tsaba.
A tsaba ne matsakaici, m, kwai-dimbin yawa, duhu, nauyin 1000 guda ne 60-70 grams. Kwayar da aka dasa a cikin tsaba yana da kyau, ciwon yana da 22-24%.
Hanyoyin da ke cikin tsaba suna akalla 47-49%, wanda kayyade jagorancin sunflowers na wannan iri-iri. Yawan man fetur ya kai 1128 kg na 1 ha. Yawan amfanin ƙasa shine kashi 23.5 a kowace hectare, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau da kuma dasa shuki, adadi zai iya kaiwa 45.
Amma ga cututtuka, ba mai laushi mealy, ko tsatsa, ko sunflower tawadar Allah zai cutar da tsire-tsire na wannan iri-iri. Har ila yau wadannan sunflowers sun isa high jure fari da zafi.
Dara "Rimisol"
Hybrid sunflower na zaitun shugabanci. An yi jinkirin kakar girma don kwanaki 106-110. Don irin nauyin sunflowers "Rimisol" yana nuna yawan yawancin nectar, da kuma rashin amsawa ga rashin rashin ruwa. Tare da kula da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire daga kadada 1 hectare, zaka iya samun fiye da kashi 40 na amfanin gona, abin da yake nuna alama sosai.
Tsire-tsire masu tsayi ya kai 140-160 cm, tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, babban adadin ganye, tsarin da aka gina, wanda zai "samu" danshi ko daga zurfin 1.5-2 m.
Kwandon a Rimisol tare da diamita na 19-22 cm, dage, saukarwa, maimakon bakin ciki. Black tsaba, elongated, yin la'akari 1000 guda, a matsakaita, 75 g.
A farkon matakan ci gaba, tsire-tsire suna girma sosai. Man da ke cikin kwakwalwan yana dauke da kimanin 46-48%, ana nuna alamun farautar da aka kai kashi 21-23%. Tabbatar da zama da zubar yana da kyau.
Har ila yau shuka ba shi da tsatsa da tsatsa da moths, kusan bazai sha wahala daga fomopsis, amma yana buƙatar magani a kan dukan jinsi na broomrape.
Grade "Atilla"
Yana nufin iri iri iriYana da girma a cikin kwanaki 95-100. Za'a iya gani da farko harbe bayan kwanaki 58-60 bayan dasa.
Yana da matukar karfi wajen magance cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban, yana tsira sosai a cikin ƙasa mai yawa.
Tsire-tsire suna da tsayi (160-165 cm), tare da kwandon, rabi mai rabi mai rabi, diamita wanda ya kai 22-24 cm. Yawan man man a cikin kernels iri yana da 51-52%, kuma barci yana 20-22%.
A matsakaita, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai 40 c / ha, amma a nan gaba, dukkanin 52 c. Tsire-tsire suna da canjin yanayin canji, rashin rashin ruwa da zafi.
Kusan dukkan nau'o'in cututtuka ba su shafi sunflowers na wannan iri-iri, har ma Phomopsis, tsatsa da kowane iri rot. A iri-iri ne isasshe resistant zuwa sunflower asu.
Takardar "Prometheus"
Very farkon iri-iri, da yawancin abin da yake musamman high.
Tsire-tsire suna da lokacin yin cikakken tsari a cikin ƙasa da kwanaki 95. Sun kasance kaɗan (140 cm), tare da kwandon kwandon da diamita na 18-22 cm.
Yawan da ake samar da ita shine mai kimanin 38 a kowace hectare, yawancin da aka yi a cikin 25-27. 1000 tsaba yayi kimanin kimanin 65-70 grams, man a cikinsu daga 50 zuwa 52%.
Ƙarancin fari na waɗannan sunflowers yana da kyau. Har ila yau, akwai rigakafin da ake yi da broomrape, downy mildew, da tsatsa. Rot zai iya lalata kananan amfanin gona.
Tsire-tsire suna ba da amsa sosai ga miya.
A ba da "Likoki"
Farawa na farko sunflower tare da girma kakar 90-94 days. Rage yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da kg 36 / ha. Tsire-tsire masu tsayi sosai, fiye da mita 2 a tsawo.
A tsaba suna elongated, m, 1000 tsaba zai auna 60-65 g.
Sun ƙunshi mai yawa man fetur - har zuwa 55%, wanda ya sa wannan musamman sa ba dole ba a cikin samar da samfurin.
Wannan sunflower iri-iri ne daban-daban high tech, daidai ya amsa ga babban aikin gona. Da sauri ya dace da sabon yanayi na wurin da waɗannan tsire-tsire suke girma. Ba a shafa shi da powdery mildew, broomrape, kuma yana da tsayi sosai ga fomopsis.
Sunflowers - al'adun da suka fi dacewa. Lokacin sayar da yawan samfurin, zaka iya samun riba mai kyau, ba kawai a cikin ka'idodin kuɗi ba, har ma a cikin nau'in kayan lambu.
