Hardy da shararru na shanu daga Ingila - "Hereford"

Naman nama a kullum yana da daraja fiye da samfurin saya, musamman saboda girman sa da kuma amfanin da aka ambata ga lafiyar mutum.

Ma'aikata da ke gina kasuwancin naman su sun fi son yin zaban su don shawo kan shanu suna da babban mataki na daidaitawa zuwa abubuwa daban-daban na climatic da kuma yawan yawan aiki.

Hereford nau'in shanu za a iya danganta ga wannan rukuni.

Tarihin irin nan Hereford

Tushen ganyayyaki na Hereford da aka fara samo asali Birtaniya. A karo na farko an haifi maraƙin wannan nau'in a cikin karni na goma sha takwas a cikin yankin Ingila na Herefordshire, saboda godiya ga yankunan da suka yanke shawara don inganta lafiyar jiki da yawancin shanu na gari.

A sakamakon wannan aikin, shanu na Hereford sun sami kundin tsarin mulki mai karfi, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar tsoka da kuma karfin da za a iya dacewa da kowane yanayin damuwa.

Wadannan halaye sun taimaka musu su zama masu ban sha'awa a duk faɗin duniya - daga Arewacin Afirka ta Kudu zuwa Afirka da Australia.

An kawo su zuwa kasarmu a lokacin zamanin Soviet, kafin yakin yaki na 1941-1945.

Bayyana shanu da bijimai

Wadun shanu na Hereford suna da halayyar kirki, jimre tsawon lokaci ba tare da wata matsala ba.

Bayyana waɗannan dabbobi yana da ban sha'awa sosai..

Dangane da nauyin nauyin nau'ikan, masu karfi da ƙwayoyin jiki, waɗannan shanu na Hereford sun fito ne da muhimmanci a kan bayan shanu na wasu nau'in.

Ana iya fahimta su ta hanyar waɗannan fasalulluka:

• head - fadi da karfi, launi - fari; wuyansa ya takaice;
• horns - gajere, farar fata, a ƙarshen - duhu, kafa da gaba daya;
• Launi launi ne mai launin ruwan kasa, amma hanci, lebe, ƙura, wuyansa, wuyansa, ciki da tassel a kan wutsiya sune fari;
• jiki yana da mota kuma tsawon lokaci, jigilar fata shine lokacin farin ciki;
• kafafu suna takaice kuma a tsaye;
• madara a cikin mata - m.

Yau, irin nauyin shanu na Hereford yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan duniya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa Abubuwan da suke ciki basu buƙatar ƙoƙarin da yawa da farashin kudi.

Su ne rayuwan shekaru 15-18, halin da girma girma da unpretentiousness a cikin abinci. Wata babbar maɗaukaki - kawo 'ya'ya masu lafiya.

Halaye

Hereford irin shanu suna halin da ban sha'awa girma:

• girma dabbobi masu girma - sama da 130 cm;
• kirji girth: heifers - 190-195 cm, bullheads - 210-215 cm;
• nauyi: heifers - 550-700 kg (a Birtaniya - har zuwa 850 kg), mai - 850-1000 kg (har zuwa 1300 kg - a Birtaniya).

Ana haifar da sifofin yin nauyin kilo 25-28 (heifers) da kuma 28-34 kg (bullheads). Kyakkyawan tsarin mulki na shanu yana taimakawa wajen saukakawa, saboda haka rage mace-mace na jarirai zuwa ƙananan.

Suna girma da sauri kuma sun sami nauyi sosai. Yayinda shekarun shekara daya, namiji ya kai kimanin 290 kg, namiji namiji - 340 kg (tare da mai kyau da kuma kimanin kilo 400). A cikin watanni 6 na gaba, suna ƙara game da 100 kg.

Hankali: Herefords nama ne, sabili da haka, irin wannan shanu na samar da fiye da 1100 - lita 1200 na madara a kowace shekara.

A matsayinka na al'ada, waɗannan shanu ba su da alaka, duk madara na ci gaba da ciyar da calves, wanda aka bunkasa a madadin mahaifa.

Hereford saniya nama mai daraja sosai a kasuwar mai sayarwa saboda halaye mai kyau: yana da "marmara", m, m, nutritious da high-kalori. Fibers suna da nauyin rubutu na bakin ciki, mai kwakwalwa a cikinsu yana da alaƙa.

An aika dabbobin dabbobi don yanka. Nau'in nauyi, da aka samu daga shugaban kan shanu, kimanin 82-84%, yawan amfanin gona - 58-70%.

Hotuna

Hotuna na Hereford dabba marasa:

Maintenance da kula

Ka yi la'akari da waɗannan muhimman al'amurra guda biyu kamar yadda ya kamata domin masu shayarwa su iya yin kome daidai.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kiyaye garken shanu na Hereford sune mafi girman hali.

Hankali: ɗakin da Herefords ke zaune ya kamata ya zama bushe da tsabta. Dabbobi na wannan nau'in suna ba da izini har zuwa yanayin yanayi mafi tsanani, duk da haka, zane na iya haifar da rashin tausayi ga su.

Dole ne masu kula su kula da su dukkanin raga a cikin sito an rufe su. Ya kamata dabbobi su sami damar yin amfani da ruwa da abinci kawai, don haka an saka shi da ruwa tare da ruwa a tsakiyar barn.

Yanayin da ake bukata - kasancewar babban makiyaya. Ba ya cutar da gina gine-gine na ƙananan mata tare da calves da stalls for calves girma.

Tsarin zai zama gina ɗaki na musamman ga shanu masu ciki. Ku kawo su a can ya zama 'yan kwanaki kafin haihuwar maraƙin, kuma bayan sunyi kira, sai su zauna a can har wata mako.

Ikon

Tsayawa Kudin Cows Wadannan masu amfani suna da tattalin arziki sosai. Abincin su na yau da kullum ya ƙunshi hay gauraye da gurasa salted gurasa.

Hankali: shanu tare da calves ya kamata samun abinci na musamman, tun da yawancin makamashi da ƙarfin da aka ciyar a ciyar da jaririn daga mahaifa.

Shirin da aka sani ya kamata ya ƙunshi silage, abinci mai bushe da kuma kayan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci.

Yara jarirai sun ci madarar mahaifiyar, wanda ya kamata su karbi a cikin farkon sa'o'i 1.5 bayan haihuwarsu. Bayan makonni 2, za su fara fara cin abinci tare da hay., sa'an nan sannu-sannu ya haɗa da shi cikin ruwan sanyi da kuma mayar da hankali (na ƙarshe) abinci.

Maraƙin yana zaune a kan mahaifiyarta na rabin shekara, to an cire shi daga nono kuma ya canja shi zuwa wani shinge. Yawan shanu ya kamata ya kunshi hay, mayar da hankali da abinci mai gogewa. Yana da muhimmanci kuma yana da muhimmanci don ƙara phosphorus, alli da sunadarai zuwa gare shi.

Cututtuka

Hereford irin shanu halin lafiya mai kyauSaboda haka, abin da ya faru a cikin wakilansa wani abu ne mai ban mamaki.

Tsarin shayarwa

Shanu da ake kiwon su Hereford irin wannan fasaha ba bambanta ba ne. A bangaren ɓangaren dabbobi, ana buƙatar samar da Herefords tare da yanayin da ake bukata na gidaje da cin abinci mai kyau, ciki har da abubuwa mafi muhimmanci a wasu matakai na rayuwarsu.

Hankali: idan ya wajibi ne don kiyaye tsabta na Herefords da halaye masu halayen su, dole ne a yi tafiya tsakanin mutane kawai a cikin nau'in da aka ba su.

Alamun nama na irin wannan sãniya ne mafi rinjaye kuma ana iya watsa su ga tsarawan dabbobi na gaba.

Masana sunyi amfani da wannan ingancin lokacin da aka haɗu da Herefords tare da 'yan uwansu na wasu nau'in.

Akanin shanu na Hereford ya tabbatar da kanta a cikin masana'antun dabbobi na zamani.

Abin da ba shi da kyau, kyakkyawar jimiri da kuma naman mai kyau ya sanya Herefords daya daga cikin shahararren shanu.