Kayan lambu

Sinanci abin mamaki - dankalin turawa "Kiranda": bayanin irin iri-iri da hotuna

"Kiranda", wanda ake kira Miracle na kasar Sin, yana da ban mamaki iri-iri na farkon dankalin turawa, manufa ga yankuna tare da lokacin bazara. Tubers girma sosai da sauri, yawan aiki yana so ko da maras lafiya lambu.

Ba a shigar da dankalin turawa a cikin rajista ba, amma an san shi da yawa a cikin 'yan karatun da za su canza musayar kayan. Koyi duka game da dankalin turawa iri-iri Kiranda - hotuna, bayanan da shawarwari akan fasahar noma.

Dankali "Kiranda": bayanin da iri-iri da hotuna

Sunan sunaKiranda
Babban halayeniri-iri iri-iri da manyan nau'o'in, masu tsayayya ga fari, a cikin yankuna masu dumi suna ba da amfanin gona guda biyu a kowace kakar
Gestation lokacin50 days
Aminiya abun ciki12-16%
Mass na kasuwanci tubers200-250 g
Yawan tubers a cikin daji20-30
Yawo115-320 c / ha
Kayan amfanidandano na al'ada, mai sauƙi mai laushi, mai dacewa da frying, salads da soups, ba ya yi duhu ba
Abubuwan da suka faru95%
Skin launirawaya
Pulp launirawaya mai haske
Yankuna da suka fi sokowane ƙasa da yanayi
Cutar juriyada iri-iri suna da tsayayya ga ciwon daji, nematodes, scab da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, mai sauƙi mai saukin kamuwa da marigayi
Fasali na girmakyawawan furen da kuma ƙarin watering, a cikin zafi bazai Bloom
Originatorba a sani ba, an yi imanin cewa daga China ne, watakila GMO

Daidai da halaye dankali "Kiranda" hoto:

Halaye na tushen

Dankali "Kiranda" yana nufin iri iri iri. Tubers ripen a cikin kwanaki 50 bayan disembarkation. Irin wannan precocity shine manufa ga yankuna kudancin. Lokacin da aka bushe da kyau, ana adana su da kyau.

Bushes na matsakaiciyar matsakaici, matsakaici na kwaɗaɗɗa, da samuwar ƙwayar kore shine matsakaici. Ganyayyaki suna da duhu, tsaka-tsalle, mai sauƙi, tare da gefen gefen ƙananan yanki kuma a fili aka nuna alamun. Ƙaƙwalwar yana da karami, haɗuwa daga ƙananan furanni masu furanni. Flowering scanty musamman ma zafi zafi na corollas bazai samar da ita ba, ba zai shafi tying na tubers ba. Binciken Berry yana da ƙasa.

Tsarin tushen yana da iko sosai, a karkashin kowane daji akalla 20 dankali an kafa. Musamman m bushes iya samar da 30 m tushen-sized Tushen.

Bambancin irin nau'ikan dankalin turawa da ke cikin "Kiranda" - mawuyacin bambancin ingancin dangane da yankuna masu tasowa da yanayin girma. Naman canza launi daga cream zuwa rawaya, kwasfa na iya kasancewa mai yawa ko kuma bakin ciki. A kan ƙasa mai kyau, tubers suna girma kuma har ma, a kan matalauci sun zama m, canza siffar.

Tsara kadan yiwuwa ga cutar. Bai cike da ciwon daji na dankalin turawa ba, ƙananan ƙwayar zinariya nematode, na yau da kullum. Tubers na nuna kyakyawan maganin cututtuka da cututtukan fungal, da wuya shan wahala daga blight ko fusarium, ko da yake ana iya buƙatar ƙwayoyin cuta mai ma'ana.

"Kiranda" yana da dadi mai kyau. Tubers ba bushe, ba ruwa, mai haske mai haske da ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ya yi duhu a lokacin yankan dafa abinci. Matsakaicin matsakaici na sitaci bai yarda da dankali don tafasa mai laushi ba, tushen zai iya zama mai soyayyen nama, stewed, cushe, gasa, dafa shi cikin zurfin mai.

Tsara dace da shirye-shiryen masana'antu na kayan samfurori: raye-furen firiyanci, kayan abinci, ko miya.

Asalin

A dankalin turawa iri-iri Kiranda yana da tarihin sabon abu. An gabatar da farko na tubers a Ukraine a 1993. An shirya aikin kiwon kifi a fannonin gwaji a yankin Donetsk, wanda ya fara zama babban kamfani na kasar Sin.

Duk da haka, aikin ya kasa, kasar Sin ya bar shi ya bar gonar da kayan da aka shuka. Wani ɓangare na dankalin turawa ya girbe ta masana kimiyyar dankalin turawa.

Gwargwadon bishiyoyi sun samar da girbi mai yawa, wanda ya zama tushen duniyar Kiranda gaba. Sunan nau'ikan iri-iri ne na farko na Davydova na kasar Sin (da sunan masanin kimiyya wanda ya dauki nazarin dankali).

Tsara ba a samu sanarwa na hukuma, ba a haɗa shi a cikin rajista ba. Duk da haka, dankali ya yalwata tsakanin manoma da masu lambu masu son. Suna yin musayar kayan abincin, suna ci gaba da tafiyar da nasara ta Kiranda ta hanyar gonaki da lambuna na kasashe daban-daban.

Ya dace da gonaki da gonaki masu zaman kansu, yana da kyau don sayarwa ko dafa abinci iri-iri. Tuna da shawarar namo a yankuna tare da zafi da bushe rani. Dankali suna shahara a kudancin Ukraine da kuma cikin yankin Krasnodar.

Ƙarfi da raunana

Babban amfani na iri-iri sun haɗa da:

  • kyau dandano tushen kayan lambu.
  • high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
  • sosai farkon ripening;
  • zafi da fari;
  • juriya ga yanayin yanayi mara kyau;
  • saukowa a kan matalauta ko yumbu;
  • nau'in abincin ba ya ragewa;
  • juriya ga mafi yawan cututtuka na kowa;
  • an kiyaye girbi.

Wadannan rashin amfani sun hada da ƙananan tuber. A karkashin daji, ban da kyau da kuma dankali, sun yi girma ko ƙananan.

Yawan aiki shine ɗaya daga cikin alamun mahimmanci don girma dankali. Kwatanta wannan halayyar Kiranda iri-iri tare da wasu nau'in:

Sunan sunaYawo
Gala400 kg / ha
Grenada600 kg / ha
Innovator320-330 c / ha
Melody180-640 c / ha
A uwar gida180-380 c / ha
Artemis230-350 c / ha
Ariel220-490 c / ha
Vector670 c / ha
Mozart200-330 c / ha
Borovichok200-250 centers / ha

Fasali na girma

Dankali ƙasar a watan AfriluA wannan lokaci, kasar gona tana samar da isasshen ruwan sha. Ana sanya shrubs a nesa na 30-35 cm tare da zangon jeri na 75. Humus ko itace ash za a iya koma cikin ramuka.

Don kakar da ake bukata 2-3 sau dasa shududden spir, da zama babban tudu. Mulching tsakanin layuka zai cece ku daga weeds.

Don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da shawarar drip ban ruwa. In ba haka ba, yana da kyau don yin ruwa da dasa shuki 1-2 sau sabawa hanya. Zai yiwu a kara yawan amfanin ƙasa tare da taimakon takin mai magani, zai fi dacewa da kwayoyin. Daidaita auren auren da aka raba ko kuma tsuntsaye. Game da lokacin da yadda za a takin dankali, yadda za a ciyar a lokacin dasa, karanta a cikin wasu shafuka.

Har ila yau, mun kawo hankalinka game da wasu hanyoyi na girma dankali: fasaha ta Holland, kazalika a cikin ganga da jaka.

Lokacin da girbi ya kamata ya mayar da hankalinsu a kan jihar. Da zaran yana fara wither, yana da lokaci don tono sama da tubers. Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin girbi duk ganye an bada shawara a yanke.

Bayan digging, dankali ya bushe a cikin iyakar ko a ƙarƙashin rufi. An girbe girbi girbi, har ma da matsakaici-sized tubers an ware don kara dasa. Matan shuka ba batun lalacewa ba, sabuntawa baya ɗaukar shekaru masu yawa.

Teburin da ke ƙasa yana nuna alamun irin wadannan halaye a matsayin taro na kayayyaki da tuber da kuma yawan maganganun kula da dankali na iri daban-daban, domin kwatanta:

Sunan sunaMass of kayayyaki tubers (grams)Abubuwan da suka faru
Sifra110-15094%
Serpanok85-14594%
Lady bayyana85-11095%
Veneta67-9587%
Lorch90-12096%
A uwar gida100-18095%
Labella80-10098%
Riviera100-18094%

Ajiye dankali bai ƙunshi duk wani aiki mai rikitarwa ba. Dole a tuna da ka'idodin ajiya a cikin hunturu, yana da kyau a zabi wurin kuma tuna kwanakin.

Cututtuka da kwari

Iri-iri dankali "Kiranda" an kare shi daga cututtukan cututtuka masu yawa: ciwon daji na dankalin turawa, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zinari, ɓarna na kowa, verticillus, Alternaria, kwayoyin daban daban da ƙwayoyin cuta. Girma na farko ya ba ka damar girbi ga annobar annoba na blight. A cikin matakan tsaro, ana iya kula da shuka sau ɗaya tare da duk wani magungunan ƙwayoyin da ke dauke da tagulla.

A cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, dankalin turawa ya fi tsinkewa da aphids, gizo-gizo mites. Tubers za a iya kai hari ta danna beetles. Don tabbatar da lafiyar dasawa zai sami damar yin gyaran gyare-gyare da kuma yin amfani da magani tare da kwari. Kyakkyawan kariya daga kwari za su zama itace ash, aka gabatar cikin rijiyoyin.

Har ila yau, a kan shafin yanar gizon za ka ga yawancin bayanai game da irin wannan kwaro kamar Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.

Karanta duk hanyoyin da za a magance shi.

Kiranda gaskiya ne samuwa ga mafi yawan yankunan kudancin. Daban-daban yana jure yanayin zafi da fari, ba tare da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa ba, ko da a ƙasa mara kyau. Za a iya tattara nauyin shuka don amfanin gonar inji, kai tsaye a kan siyan.

Da ke ƙasa a cikin tebur za ku sami hanyoyi zuwa abubuwan da ke kan dankalin turawa iri iri a lokuta daban-daban:

Tsakiyar marigayiMatsakaici da wuriLate-ripening
AuroraBlack PrinceNikulinsky
SkarbNevskyAsterix
Ƙarfin zuciyaDarlingCardinal
RyabinushkaUbangijin maƙaryataKiwi
BluenessRamosSlavyanka
ZhuravinkaTaisiyaRocco
LasockLapotIvan da Marya
MagicianCapricePicasso