Sau da yawa, lambu da kuma lambu suna fuskanci matsalar irin irin cucumbers don zaɓar don dasa. Mutane da yawa suna shiryarwa ta hanyar zabi na shawarwarin abokai ko kuma kawai sun fi son kayan lambu da suke so a bayyanar.
Duk da haka, da farko, dole a biya hankali don dacewa da nau'o'in iri-iri zuwa yankin hawan dutse wanda aka shirya da za'a dasa.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna game da fasaha da fasaha na girma kokwamba "Amur F1", wanda ya dace da noma a yankuna arewacin. Tun lokacin da aka zaba shi, ya sami karbuwa a tsakanin masu makircin makirci saboda yanayin da ya fara, yawan amfanin ƙasa da juriya ga cututtuka.
Tarihin kiwo
Wannan samfurin na zamani mai tsabta na farko shine samfurin hannayen ma'aikatan Holland wanda ke aiki a gonar gona mai suna Bejo Zaden. Kamar yadda za'a iya fahimta daga haruffan F1 a cikin sunan, yana da matasan farko. Daga iyayensu kokwamba "Amur F1" ya dauki dukkan halaye mafi kyau kuma ya zarce su cikin sharuddan yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma juriya. 
A Rasha, an yi amfani da matasan a 2000.
Shin kuna sani? Mai rikodin mai rikodin girman, wanda aka jera a shafukan Guinness Book of Records, ya kasance kusan ƙwararren kadad 92 cm wanda mazaunin Ingila Alfo Cobb ya girma.
Halin siffofi da rarrabewa
Don fahimtar abin da ya zama kokwamba "Cupid F1", la'akari da bayaninsa da fasalin aikin injiniya.
Bushes
A bushes na wannan matasan ne mai iko, mai tsawo, amma weakly branched. Rassan suna da ƙarfi, kada ku karya har ma a karkashin 'ya'yan itace masu nauyi. Ganye yana da matsakaici, kore, tare da gefuna mai laushi, marubuta. Har zuwa 8 ovaries ya kasance a cikin daya kumburi.
Sauran nau'o'in cucumbers sun hada da: "F1", "Jamus F1", "Hector F1", "Real Colonel", "Zozulya F1", "Masha f1", "Crispina F1".
"Cupid F1" yana da tsire-tsire mai tsaka-tsalle, wanda aka mamaye furen mata. Wannan yana nufin cewa tare da wannan iri-iri da kake buƙatar shuka pollinator. In ba haka ba, matasan za su ba da furanni masu yawa, amma 'yan cucumbers.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, iri-iri na kasancewa ne a farkon tsufa - lokaci daga bayyanar fararen farko zuwa lokaci na 'ya'yan itace shine kwanaki 37-40.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da tsawon 13 zuwa 15 cm kuma yawancin 90-130 g. Sunaye ne mai launin fata da duhu duhu a launi tare da raƙuman launuka masu farin ciki da launin farin. Su fata ne na bakin ciki.
Jiki na 'ya'yan itace ne mai kyau, mai nama, mai kyau. Suna da dandano mai kyau, babu haushi. Ko da a cikin nau'i na tsire-tsire, ba zasu rasa dandano da launi ba. 
Za'a iya cin abinci a wasu nau'i-nau'i a lokaci daya. Hybrid yana da nau'in salatin. Duk da haka, ana iya amfani dashi don karu, salting. Ya dace da dogon lokaci ajiya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sakamakon "F1" a take yana nufin yana da nau'i nau'i, ninka wanda a gida ba zai yi aiki ba.
Yawo
A iri-iri ne halin high yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa 25 kg ta 1 square. m, a yankunan kudancin - har zuwa kg 28.
A matasan ya dace da namo a karkashin sararin samaniya (shi ne pollinated by ƙudan zuma), by agrofibre, a cikin fim ko polycarbonate greenhouses. Dole ne a ba da fifiko ga fim din girma ko a cikin greenhouses, domin a lokacin da aka gurbata ƙudan zuma, 'ya'yan itãcen maras biyan kuɗi, siffar mai lankwasa zai iya zamawa. 
"Cupid F1" za a iya girma iri-iri da kuma hanyoyi marasa iri.
Abũbuwan amfãni da disadvantages na matasan
Kamar yadda yake a kowane irin nau'i-nau'i, noma na "Amur F1" yana da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani.
Gwani
Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni, mun lura:
- kyakkyawan samfurin samfurin;
- dandano mai kyau, ba haushi;
- jure cututtuka irin su cladosporia, mosaic, tushen rot, powdery mildew;
- mai kyau 'ya'yan itace transportability;
- dogon maturation;
- gyaran kai da kanka;
- kafawar babban adadin ovaries - har zuwa 8 a kowace kumburi;
- farkon balaga;
- sanyi juriya;
- amfani da duniya;
- undemanding zuwa takin mai magani.
Cons
Abubuwan rashin daidaito na matasan sun hada da:
- yana buƙatar kasar gona takin gargajiya;
- buƙatar bukatun yau da kullum.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan kokwamba yazo ne daga kalmar Helenanci, wanda ke nufin "balaga".
Peculiarities na girma by seedling hanya
Hanyoyin iri suna ba ka damar samun amfanin gona mafi girma, tun da yake yiwu ne don dasa tsire-tsire masu karfi don wuri mai dindindin. An samo shi ne daga makon da ya gabata na watan Afrilu kuma ya ƙare a tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Don seedlings bukatar shirya tukwane ko wasu kwantena na 400 ml, wani tsawo na ba kasa da 12 cm.
Sun sanya yatsun peat da humus, sun haɗu a daidai rabbai. Za su buƙaci haɗuwa da sawdust. Lambar su ya zama ƙasa da sau 2 fiye da peat ko humus. Zaka kuma iya saya a cikin kantin lambun kantin kayan musamman na musamman don amfanin gona.
Kafin dasa shuki tsaba bazai buƙatar lalata. Duk da haka, don cimma burinta, yana da kyawawa don shuka albarkatu. Ana iya yin haka kamar haka: sanya iri don tsawon sa'o'i 36 a cikin daya daga cikin mafita da ake samarwa - acid acid (20 ml / 1 na ruwa) ko a cikin wani bayani mai ruwa na acid succinic (7 ml / 1 l), sulfate zinc (2 g / 1 l ), soda burodi (5 g / 1 l), methylene blue (300 ml / 1 l). 
Bayan wannan hanya, ana saran tsaba a cikin wani Layer a kan kayan rigar, da yashi ko sawdust a garesu. Don taimakawa masu shuka a gaba don tsayayya da yanayin zafi, yanayin zafin jiki a cikin dakin da ake shuka tsaba za'a buƙaci a rage hankali zuwa +2 ° C. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana ajiye kayan abu har sai an shuka germination.
Idan ba ku so ku yaudare ku ba tare da farawa, to, hanyar da za a yi wa wuya za a buƙaci a yi. Dole a yi amfani da tsaba na kwanaki 3 a zafin jiki na +5 ° C. Bayan haka za a iya dasa su cikin tukwane. 
Tsaba sun zurfafa cikin ƙasa ta 1.5-2 cm 2. An saka tsaba 2-3 a cikin tukunya ɗaya. An saka kwantena da seedlings a cikin daki da zafin jiki na iska na + 27-28 ° C. Zaka iya rufe tukwane da fim. Bayan farawa na farko ya zama bayyane, zazzabi za a rage zuwa + 20-23 ° C.
Seedlings zai bukaci a shayar a kai a kai a matsayin topsoil ta kafe. Wannan ya fi kyau a yi tare da bindigogi. 
A cikin lokaci na 3-4 ganye na gaskiya (kimanin kwanaki 25-30 bayan dasa shuki), zai zama dole don zaɓar tsirrai mafi girma kuma dasa su a wuri na dindindin a gonar ko a cikin gine-gine. A lokacin da dasa shuki, sun bi ka'idodin da ke tsakanin bushes na 35 cm da tsakanin layuka - 50 cm. Shawara dasa shuki zurfi ne ga cotyledon ganye.
Kowane kyau tare da transplanted seedlings ne shayar da alheri, ta yin amfani da 1 lita na ruwa da shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! An shuka shuki a wuri mai dindindin a cikin ƙasa mai zafi har zuwa +15-17 ° C. A yanayin zafi mai zurfi, ba ya da tushe. A arewacin yankunan, ana iya dasa seedlings a cikin gine-gine a bayan Mayu 25.
Growing cucumbers by methodless hanya
Lokacin da dasa shuki a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, ya fi kyau ga cucumbers su karbi wuri mai kyau. Duk da haka, yana iya zama a cikin inuwa mai haske, alal misali, a ƙarƙashin rassan bishiyoyi. 
Amma ga magabata, Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke bayan dankali, barkono, tumatir, masara, albasa, da Peas. Yana da wanda ba a so ya shuka "Amur F1" a wurin da ake girma da al'adun kabewa. Wannan shine mummunan ci gaban cututtuka da kamuwa da cuta tare da magungunan kwari.
Kasar gona a kan shafin dasawa ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, haske, mai tsabta, tsaka tsaki cikin acidity.
Wajibi ne don takin ƙasar da aka shirya a dasa don dasa shuki cucumbers. Saboda haka, a cikin fall, bayan tattara dukan shuka sharan gona, don digging cikin 1 square. m yin taki (10 kg), gishiri mai potassium (25 g), superphosphate (40 g). A cikin idon ruwa ana ciyar da shi ta amfani da ammonium nitrate (15-20 g). Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki, ana sanya itace a cikin rijiyoyin. Har ila yau kana buƙatar zubar da ƙasa tare da wani dalili mai ma'ana daga cututtuka da cututtuka masu tsari tare da bayani na jan karfe sulfate - 1 teaspoon zuwa guga na ruwa. Amfani da aiki na ruwa - 2 lita ta 1 square. m
Tsaba suna shuka a cikin ƙasa riga warmed har zuwa +12 ° С. Yawanci, an saita wannan zafin jiki a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu a tsakiyar hanya kuma a farkon May a wasu yankuna.
Ya kamata a sanya tsaba a ciki a baya a cikin zurfin 2-4 cm, 2-3 a kowanne. 
Rijiyoyin suna barci da kuma zuba. Dole ne a rufe shi da fim don kauce wa mummunar yanayin zafi, don kula da ƙananan zafi da kuma samun shinge mai kyau.
Fim din yana buƙatar cirewa bayan babban seedling ya bayyana. Bayan haka, ana buƙatar thinning, wadda aka samar ta hanyar noma.
Abubuwan kulawa
Kamar yadda ka sani, cucumbers suna tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin kulawarsu. Don cimma girbi mai kyau, za ku ji daɗi sosai.
Jerin ayyukan kulawa masu dacewa sun hada da:
- watering;
- weeding;
- kasar gona;
- saman miya;
- m tsabtace kwari da cututtuka.
Babban abin da aka kwatanta da matasan shi ne cewa rassan rassan ne, don haka buƙatar samuwar daji ya ɓace. Ko don amfani da trellis don yayi girma, kowane lambu ya yanke shawarar kansa.
Watering, weeding da sassauta ƙasa
Ga masu masu ganyayyaki na kokwamba kuna buƙatar sanin cewa watering cucumbers ya kamata a yi kawai tare da ruwan dumi. Wannan kuma ya shafi matasan "Cupid F1". Ya kamata a maida ruwa zuwa + 17-20 ° C. Watering wajibi ne tare da yin amfani da watering tare da furewa, zai fi dacewa da maraice, don haka ruwa wanda ya fadi a cikin ganyayyaki bazai haifar da abin da ya faru ba. 
Nagari watering rates for cucumbers:
- a mataki kafin flowering - 5-10 lita ta 1 square. m;
- a mataki na fruiting - 15-20 lita da 1 square. m
Kafin flowering, zaka buƙatar ruwa da kayan lambu kowace rana 4, a lokacin flowering - kowane kwana 3, da kuma a cikin 'ya'yan itace - kullum.
Dole ne a tabbatar da cewa kasar gona tana cike da rigar. Idan ba za'a iya cimma wannan sakamako ba, to lallai ya zama dole don rage tsaka-tsakin tsakanin ban ruwa da kuma ƙara ƙarar ruwa. Ƙasar da ba ta dace ba ta tasiri da dandano kokwamba, suna iya bayyana haushi mai haske.
Tare da moistening, cucumbers za su bukatar na yau da kullum ƙasa loosening da ci gaba.
Mulching
Yin aiwatar da mulching yana sa sauki ga mai kula da kula da cucumbers. An yi don kare tushen tsarin idan akwai ragewa a cikin zafin jiki, don kawar da bayyanar weeds, don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, don adana laima. A ƙasa a karkashin mulch bushes ba sa bukatar a sassauta. Kuma cikakke cucumbers ba za su karya a kan ƙasa muddy, amma a kan kwanciya mai tsabta. 
Mafi kyau ciyawa ga cucumbers za su zama bushe ciyawa da sawdust. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da peat, kayan ado na musamman, polyethylene. An sanya wani ciyawa na halitta bayan fitowar ta harbe da kuma sake cigaba da shi. An ƙwayar da ciyawa mai laushi a kan ƙasa kafin dasa.
Yin rigakafi
Duk da juriya da cututtukan da yawa, cucumbers "Cupid F1" na iya shan fusarium, powdery mildew, launin toka, fari da kuma tushen rot.
Don kare gonar daga powdery mildew, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire ba sa daskare dan kadan, kuma idan akwai ƙananan zafin jiki ko amfani da iska, yi amfani da agrofibre don rufewa. Idan kamuwa da cutar, ya kamata a dauki magani tare da Fitosporin, kashi 20% na colloidal sulfur. 
Tsarin hanyoyi na duniya (koda kafin dasa shuki cucumbers) tare da Fitosporin ya kamata kare kariya daga fusarium.
Ana iya kaucewa Rot ta hanyar zaɓar ruwan zafi mai kyau don ban ruwa, kaucewa tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire masu laushi, kawar da ruwa gurɓatawa, hana ginin kayan lambu. Za ku iya yin yaki da launin toka tare da "Fitosporin", tare da farin tare da "Topaz", tare da tushe tare da bayani na blue vitriol (10 g / 1 l na ruwa).
Anyi amfani da cututtuka akan cututtuka na yau da kullum tare da shirye-shirye na "Kurzat", "Alirin-B", "Tanos", da kuma Tiovit Jet granules. 
Daga cikin kwari don cucumbers kawo hadari whitefly, sprout kwari, gizo-gizo mites, taba thrips, gall nematodes, springtail. Don magance su, dole ne ku yi amfani da kwari masu dacewa:
- daga sprout kwari - "Iskra",
- daga whitefly - "Aktar", "Confidor", "Aktarin";
- daga gizo-gizo mite - "Fitoverm";
- daga aphids - "Arrivo", "Intavir", "Decis";
- daga thrips - "Aktar", "Fufanon", "Golden spark";
- daga nematodes - "Marshall";
- daga springtails - "Aktellik", "Aktar", "Intavir".
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a yi amfani da magani ta hanyar amfani da mutum ta hanyar jiki da kariya daga fuskarka, da kuma bin binin da aka ba a cikin umarnin don shirye-shiryen.
Top dressing
Don kakar, cucumbers za su bukaci 3 tushen dressings:
- 3 makonni bayan saukarwa - tsarma 5 g na ammonium sulfate, 15 g na ammonium nitrate, 1 g na magnesium sulphate, 15 g da potassium sulphate, 30 g na superphosphate a lita 10 na ruwa.
- A lokacin flowering - saka 10 g na ammonium nitrate, 10 g na superphosphate, 30 g na potassium sulfate, 10 g ammonium sulfate, 2 g magnesium sulfate a 10 l na ruwa.
- A lokacin 'ya'yan itace - abun da ke ciki na hawan gwaninta yana daidai da lokacin flowering, ko 4 tablespoons na urea da 1 kopin itace ash diluted a lita 10 na ruwa (amfani - 3 lita ta 1 sq m).
Zaka iya yin 1 foliar ciyar daga 5 g na urea diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, 10 g na nitroammophoshka ko iri daya ruwa - 10 g na urea, 6 g na magnesium sulphate, 6 g na superphosphate.
Don gano ainihin abubuwan da cucumbers suka rasa, ya kamata ku lura da bayyanar su. Don haka, idan ka lura cewa ƙananan ganye a kan bishiyoyi sunyi launin rawaya, kuma cucumbers suna girma da yawa kuma basu da tsabta, to wannan alama ce mai yiwuwa cewa injin bata da nitrogen. Matsalar za a iya warware ta hanyar takin kayan lambu tare da 2 tablespoons na urea diluted a cikin 1 guga na ruwa. Amfani - 0.5 lita karkashin kowane daji.
Lokacin da matasan suka bushe kuma babu ci gaba da harbe-harbe, ya zama dole don ƙara phosphorus ga shuke-shuke - 3 tablespoons na superphosphate diluted a lita 10 na ruwa. Amfani - 0.5 lita ga kowace tushen. Samar da nau'i-nau'i na pear-shaped da wata iyakar launin rawaya a kan ganye ya nuna rashiwar potassium. Ana iya cika shi tare da 1 kofin ash diluted a 1 guga na ruwa. Amfani - 3 lita ta 1 square. m
Tsarin bishiyoyi, da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma furen furanni shine alamar alamar rashin kaci. Fertilizing bushes 3 tablespoons na alli nitrate, diluted a lita 10 na ruwa, da kasawa za a iya cika. Amfani - 0.5 lita karkashin kowane daji.
Garter a kan trellis
Mutane da yawa lambu sun fi son shuka cucumbers a kan trellis. Don haka kana buƙatar ƙulla lash ga masu goyon bayan lokacin girma. Babu buƙatar yin pinching.
Ginin yana ba ka damar adana sarari a gonar ko a cikin gine-gine, yana hana ci gaban wasu cututtuka, yana sauƙaƙe tarin 'ya'yan itatuwa. 
Tuna da bulala idan sun kai tsawon 30 cm kuma sun riga sun sami lita 4-5. Akwai hanyoyi biyu don aiwatar da wannan hanya:
- Ga alama - saita goyon baya a cikin nau'in harafin "P", a haɗe zuwa gefen ƙauye na igiya, waɗanda aka haɗa su zuwa bulala.
- Tsarin - an sanya igiyoyi na karfe a kan wasu tarnaƙi na gado, a tsakanin iyakar da yawa daga cikin igiyoyi masu karfi ko tsummoki na yatsu ne aka jawo, tare da wutan da aka bari.
Girbi
Tunda cucumbers na wannan nau'in ba su da tsaruwa don overgrowing, ana iya girbi girbi sau 2-3 a mako. Zai fi dacewa wajen girbi hatsi da sassafe ko da maraice. Bambancin wannan iri-iri shine cewa yawancin ganye sun fara a farkon watanni na fruiting. Kashe 'ya'yan itacen idan sun isa girman 12-14 cm. 
Daidaita ɗaukar cucumbers wajibi ne ta hanyar karkatarwa, barin stalk a kan whips. Zaka iya adana 'ya'yan itacen a firiji ko cellar na 1-2 makonni.
Shin kuna sani? A wasu ƙasashe cucumbers suna dauke da kayan zaki. Tare da 'ya'yan itace, berries da sauran sutura, ana amfani da su ga tebur mai dadi.
Kowace shekara, masu karuwa da yawa suna mayar da hankali ga Cupid "Amur F1" kokwamba. Kuma akwai bayani game da wannan, saboda yana da kyawawan halaye masu kyau, irin su juriya na sanyi, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau, nauyin dandano mai kyau na 'ya'yan itatuwa, kyakkyawar gabatarwa, dogon ajiya da kuma ikon iya samar da kyakkyawan ƙwaya a tsakiyar hanya.
