A cikin zane mai faɗi, shinge muhimmiyar kayan gini. Don gininsa, ana amfani da shukoki daban-daban. Ofaya daga cikin mafi yawan kayan ado da kulawa mara ma'ana - shinge da aka yi da thuja. Wannan ciyawar ba wai kawai ado bane, harma da iyawar bango mai yawa, zai kare shafin daga idanuwan prying, iska da amo. The unpreentious thuja, shinge wanda girma a cikin shekaru da yawa, ba ya bukatar da yawa da hankali. Kuma iyawar ta na samar da abubuwan da zasu iya canzawa, hakanan zasu shafi lafiyar masu wannan ginin.
Yawancin nau'ikan Thuja suna da yawa, amma wasu daga cikinsu suna da mashahuri musamman a matsayin ciyayi don ƙirƙirar dunkule. Yawan nau'in Thuja don shinge - wanne ne mafi kyau a zabi? Mafi mashahuri arborvitae don ƙirƙirar bango kore sune Smaragd da Brabant.
Shinge na Thuja
Thuya Smaragd
Wannan shuka daga dangin Cypress suna da siffar dala tare da suttura mai dumbin yawa. Ba kamar wasu nau'in ba, baya canza launi da allura a cikin hunturu kuma koyaushe ya kasance kore. Tsawon rayuwar wannan nau'in yana kan matsakaicin shekaru 100-130 kuma a wannan lokacin da ɗan itacen zai iya isa masu girma zuwa 6 a tsayi kuma zuwa 2 m in faɗi.
Wannan nau'in ya sami shahara a sanadiyyar ƙyalli da rashin juriya ta sanyi. Thuja Smaragd yana yin haƙuri har ma da tsananin sanyi lokacin sanyi, yayin da yake riƙe da koren launi na allura. Hatta kasa mafi talauci da gurbataccen iska a cikin birni basa tsoronta. Wannan nau'in inuwa yana da Hardy, ba kamar sauran ba, amma ba ya haƙuri da ƙurar ƙasa kuma yana buƙatar kyakkyawan malalewa. Plusarin da aka haɗa sun haɗa da gaskiyar cewa wannan bishi yana haƙuri da aski, kullun ƙirƙirar thuja Smaragd yana ba ku damar amfani da shi azaman kayan ado mai ban sha'awa a cikin shimfidar wuri.
Don bayani! Akwai nau'ikan thuja Smaragd. Mafi mashahuri daga cikinsu su ne Koriya, Yammacin Turai, Fikihu da Western Golden. Rawan zinare yana da ban sha'awa musamman, buƙatunsa suna da launin zinari. Wannan yana samar da ƙarin dama don aiwatar da ra'ayoyin ƙira na asali a cikin ƙirar shafin. Babbar shinge na dasa bishiyoyin thuja tare da allurai kore da zinariya yana da ban sha'awa musamman.
A farkon watannin bazara, lokacin furanni na itace ya faɗi, ƙananan cones na launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana. A wannan lokacin ne tsire-tsire ke fitar da phytoncides, wanda ke taimakawa wajen tsarkake iska a cikin yankin da kuma daidaita shi da abubuwa masu amfani.
Thuya Smaragd
Iyakar abin da aka rage daga thuja Smaragd cikin jinkirin girma. A shekara tana ƙara 15 cm kawai a tsayi da 5 cm a faɗi. Wannan gaskiyar ta sa ya yuwu a rage itace sau da yawa, amma zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci kaɗan a jira har shinge daga ciki ya zama bango mai yawa.
Thuja Brabant
Wannan nau'in thuja yana kwatanta da kyau tare da wasu a cikin saurin haɓaka shi: a cikin shekara, karuwar haɓaka ya haɗu zuwa 40 cm sama da 15 cm a faɗin. Gaskiya ne, wannan gaskiyar ta shafi yawan yankan, dole ne a yi aƙalla sau biyu a shekara. Shekarun daji kusan shekaru 150 ne, a cikin wanne lokacin zai iya isa zuwa tsawan tsawan of 15 har zuwa m.
Brabant ba shi da ma'ana sosai a cikin ingancin ƙasa kuma yana jure wa karancin ruwa da kuma fari. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin magudanan ƙasa lokacin dasawa ba. Hakanan, wannan nau'in yana jin daɗi a cikin rana, amma a cikin bazara ya fi kyau inuwa ga tsire-tsire saboda tsananin yiwuwar kunar rana a jiki. Yana da sanyi mai jure sanyi, amma baya jure tsananin sanyi, sabanin smaragd daya.
Mahimmanci! A cikin hunturu, allura ba su canza launi kuma su kasance kore duk shekara.
Brabant yana da kambi mai kamanni, allura ta launin kore mai haske. A lokacin furanni, an rufe shi da cones launin ruwan kasa, wanda ke ba da daji tasiri na musamman a wannan lokacin.
Mai sauƙin yankewa, kuma godiya ga haɓaka mai saurin girma, ana iya canza sifar itacen lokaci-lokaci. Ga waɗanda suke so su ji daɗi da sauri shinge kore mai laushi, Thuja Brabant kyakkyawar zaɓi ce.
Kula bangon kore
Duk da cewa thuja ba ta da ma'ana, har yanzu tana bukatar kulawa. Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga tsire-tsire matasa, akwai wasu nuances.
Bangon kore
Bayan dasa, seedlingsan matasa na buƙatar shayarwa akalla sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a cikin matsanancin zafi sau biyu. Shrubaya daga cikin shrub yana buƙatar kimanin lita 10 na ruwa, a lokacin fari, yawan ruwa ya ninka ninki biyu. Bayan yin ruwa, loosening wajibi ne, amma ba zurfi ba. Tushen tushen thuja yana da matukar girma, kuma akwai babban haɗari na lalata tushen tushe. Dole ne a kula da ƙasa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 10 cm ba.
Kula! Ba zai zama mai girma ba ga ciyawa matasa filaye. Wannan zai riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma yana hana ƙirƙirar ɓarna da fasa. Peat ko kwakwalwan katako suna cikakke kamar ciyawa.
Yaran than thuja ba su da tsayayyen sanyi kamar tsire-tsire. A cikin farkon shekaru biyu na girma, ya kamata a kiyaye seedlings daga sanyi hunturu da rana mai haske mai haske. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da farin kayan da ba a saka ba, takarda kraft ko rassan spruce.
Zai fi kyau amfani da takin ƙasa don shuka kafin shuka, wanda a sa'iban ba zai buƙaci ƙarin takin ba a farkon shekarar. Bugu da kari, thuja baya jure takin ma'adinai mai wuce haddi. Sai kawai daga shekara ta biyu ya kamata ku je ma'adinan ma'adinai ko manyan kayan miya.
Yadda ake yin shinge daga thuja
Fahimtar mafarkin shinge mai shinge daga thuja yana farawa da saurin shuka. A wannan al'amari, zai fi kyau bayar da fifiko ga wuraren kiwon lafiya na musamman ko cibiyoyin lambun. A wannan yanayin, haɗarin samun shuka mai rashin lafiya ko yin kuskure tare da bayyanar zai zama kaɗan. Zai fi kyau zaɓi zaɓi seedlings a cikin kwantena waɗanda ba su wuce shekaru huɗu ba, suna ɗaukar tushe mafi kyau, kuma za a kiyaye tsarin tushen yayin sufuri. Bugu da kari, tsire-tsire matasa zasu zama mai rahusa fiye da manyan kwafi.
Matasa seedlings a cikin tukwane
Dasa tsire-tsire don samar da shinge na shinge na gaba shine mafi kyawu a cikin maɓuɓɓugar hanya. Za'a iya raba wannan tsarin zuwa matakai da yawa:
- Digging ramuka. Yarinyar dasa shuki yakamata ya sami zurfin kusan cm 50. Faɗin ya kamata ya zama irin wannan cewa tushen tushe yana cikin ta kyauta.
- Shiri magudanar ruwa da takin zamani. Idan nau'ikan da aka zaɓa yana buƙatar malalewa, ana zubar da magudanar ruwa a ƙasan ramin. Ya kamata gaba mai zuwa ya ƙunshi takin. Madadin haka, zaku iya ƙara peat, yashi ko takin ma'adinai. Da farko dai, a cikin wannan al'amari, ya kamata a la'akari da kayan aikin ƙasa a shafin.
- Sanya tsire-tsire. Nishaɗi tsakanin tsirrai a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ya dogara da nau'in thuja da aka zaɓa da kuma girman ci gabanta. Lokacin dasa shuki nau'in Brabant, rata tsakanin tsararran yakamata ya zama akalla mita, don smaragd zai isa sosai cm 70. Idan aikin shine ƙirƙirar shinge mai duhu mai yawa daga layuka biyu na bishiyoyi, ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin tsarin duba.
- Cika maɓuɓɓugar da ƙasa. Na farko, kasar gona don cika moat ya kamata a tsabtace daga tushen, ciyawa da duwatsu. Idan akwai yiwuwar fari, zai fi kyau a ƙara hydrogel a cikin ƙasa, zai taimaka riƙe daɗewan danshi. Ya kamata a cika tirinyar don tushen wuyansa na ƙwayar ba ta zurfafa kuma ya kasance a matakin daidai tare da ƙasa.
- Yawan shayarwa. Matasan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar danshi mai yawa, musamman a farkon girma. Bayan dasa, aƙalla 10 l na ruwa ana buƙatar kowace seedling.
- Mulching. Don adana danshi, wanda yake wajibi don matasa seedlings a farko, ya kamata a dasa ciyayi. A saboda wannan dalili, zaku iya amfani da peat, kwakwalwan katako, sawdust ko ma ciyawa kawai.
Kula! Duk bazara da damina sun dace da shuka, amma kaka ce wadda ake fin so. A cikin bazara, babban aikin shi ne kiyaye danshi a cikin ƙasa, kuma a cikin kaka, zaɓin irin wannan lokacin don guje wa sanyi a watan farko bayan dasa.
A matsayin madadin tsarin maɓuɓɓugar tsiro, zaku iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin rami daban. Fasahar saukowa ƙasa da matakansa iri ɗaya ne da na maɓuɓɓugar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.
Yadda ake ciyar da thuja don girma
Thuja wata itaciya ce mai rashin fassara, amma har yanzu tana buƙatar ciyar da su. Yawan abubuwan gina jiki da seedling ya karɓa lokacin dasa ya isa ya zama farkon shekarar girma. Daga shekara ta biyu ko ta uku ya kamata fara takin ko takin gargajiya.
An zaɓi mafi kyawun takin ma'adinai a cikin shagon musamman, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don thuja. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su sama-sama ta hanyar yayyafawa. Abun da ke tattare da irin wannan takin dole ne ya haɗa da phosphorus na potassium da baƙin ƙarfe.
Hakanan Thuja yana da matukar amsa ga kayan miya. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da takin ko taki na musamman don wannan dalili.
Zai dace a kula da lokacin takin zamani. Ya kamata a yi amfani da kashi na farko na taki a cikin bazara, rabin al'ada shekara-shekara. Na biyu saman miya ne da za'ayi a watan Yuni.
Mahimmanci! A kowane hali ba za ku iya ciyar da thuja a wasu lokuta na shekara ba, misali, a cikin faɗuwa. Wannan na iya haifar da haɓakar harba wanda ba a so da tushe, wanda zai mutu kawai a cikin hunturu. Madadin haka, za a cutar da shuka.
Matsakaicin taki na shekara ta 10 m² shine 1 kg. Manyan riguna ya kamata su zama masu matsakaici; thuja za su mayar da martani game da takin ma'adinai mai yawa a cikin ƙasa.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, shinge mai kama da kullun da aka yi da arborvitae zai zama abin da zai faranta wa masu shi rai shekaru.
Yadda kuma za a datse thuja
Don ba da kambi na thuja da ake so da kuma kula da lafiyar itacen, ana buƙatar pruning a kai a kai. Yadda za a yanke thawed kuma ba cutar da shuka ba?
Thuja pruning
Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar ba wai kawai don ado ba, har ma don dalilai na magani. Zai iya kasu kashi biyu:
- Tsabtace tsabtace. Ana yin sa a cikin bazara da kaka. Manufar wannan hanyar ita ce cire rassan da suka lalace da fitar da kambi na bakin ciki don mafi kyawun numfashi. Hakanan yana da kyau a cire rassan da cututtukan suka shafa ko cututtukan fata.
- Forming pruning. Ana aiwatar dashi a cikin lokaci daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa farkon faɗuwar rana, mafi kyawun lokacin ana ɗauka ya zama tsakiyar lokacin bazara. Sakamakon irin wannan pruning ya kamata ya zama kambi mai kyau na daji, wanda zai iya biyan bukatun buƙatun mai shi.
Yadda za a yanke thuja ya dogara da girman girman tsiro, aikin da yake da kyau da yanayin lafiyar shuka. Misali, trimming thuja Smaragd zai iya haɗawa da aikin tsabtace kawai saboda yanayin nasara na dabi'a.
Don bayani! Yin tsabtace tsabtace, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana aiwatar da shi sau biyu a shekara, a cikin bazara da kaka, kuma a samar da su kamar yadda ake bukata.
Lokacin aiwatar da wannan hanyar, akwai haɗarin yin wasu kuskure wanda zai iya cutar da shuka.
- pruning a farkon bazara. Yana cikin wannan lokacin da lokacin ciyayi mai zafi ya faɗi, kuma lalacewar shuka a wannan sashin zai iya dakatar da wannan tsarin;
- da yawa ne cropping. Dole ne a yanke shi sama da 30% na yawan ciyawar, in ba haka ba shuka ba zai murmure bayan irin wannan sa hannun;
- yanka dake kusa da koda. Lokacin yanke hukunci, akwai dokoki masu tsayayyen da yakamata ku bi su. An yanke rassan da ke sama sama da toho na waje, kuma an umarce su zuwa ƙasa - sama da na ciki;
- danda rassan. Hakanan ya kamata a guji wannan. Rassan da basu da yawa sakamakon girki zasu bushe.
Don pruning, ya fi kyau zaɓi ranar girgije. Bayan hanya, shuka ya kamata a shayar sosai, kuma takin tare da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya ba zai yi rauni ba.
Kula! Duk wani jan hankali game da thuja ya kamata a yi tare da safofin hannu, tunda an rufe rassansa da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma guduro. Wanke hannu a gaba yana da matsala sosai.
Don shuka irin su thuja, pruning da kamannin sune mahimman sassan kulawa. Yakamata kayi la'akari da lokacin da zaka datse arborvitae da yadda zaka yi shi daidai.
Yadda za a yanke thuja: kayan aikin
Bai isa ya san yadda ake datti arborvitae, shi ma yana da daraja a kula da zaɓar kayan aikin da ya dace.
Kayan aikin
Ya kamata a zaɓi kayan aikin don yin layya ya dogara da kauri daga cikin rassan shuka. Zai iya zama mai datsa, shearshen lambu ko mai goge goge. Runaurawar shears da shirin ɗaukar hoto yawanci sun isa su yanke narkewa.
Babban batun lokacin shirya kayan aiki don yankan shine kaɗa shi. Dole ya zama mai kaifi don gujewa creases akan rassan. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar cewa yayin lokacin yankan, goge kayan aiki tare da guduro kuma yanke rassan don cire datti daga ciki.
Yadda zaka datse thherja mara nauyi
A cikin zane zane mai faɗi, ana amfani da thuja ba kawai don buɗe ganuwar kore ba, yana kuma yin ayyuka da yawa na ado. Musamman ma musamman a cikin ɗayan filayen suna ɗaukar hoto mai tsayi.
Sun yi daidai da yanayin tuddai mai tsayi da kuma yanayin lambun furanni da aka yi da salon Ingilishi. Babu ƙarancin ban sha'awa shine haɗuwa da irin wannan thuja tare da wasu ciyawa na ornamental, alal misali, tare da vesicle.
Spherical thuja
Wannan nau'in thuja yana da sifa mai sifa ta daji ta dabi'a, saboda haka yana buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin abu. Kamar sauran nau'ikan thuja, yana buƙatar tsabtace tsabta da kwalliya. Ana aiwatar da tsabtace su a hanya iri ɗaya da kuma sauran nau'in halittu. Kirkiren girki don arborvitae mai sihiri shine mafi ladabi, kawai ya zama dole a cire rassan da suka zube sama da iyakar wani zagaye mai zagaye.
Harshen shinge mai rai daga thuja yana cikin ikon kowa ya yi girma, yana da daraja a ɗan ƙoƙari kaɗan. Kuna buƙatar yin haƙuri da bayanan da suka dace. Da farko, yana da daraja koyon yadda ake shuka, yadda ake takin shuki, da kuma yadda za a datsa narkewa. Effortan ƙoƙari kaɗan, da kuma mafarkin bangon kore zai zama gaskiya.
