Zaɓin wani filin aiki don kasuwanci, kula da namo na greenery. Bayan gina mai kyau greenhouse, za ka iya harbe da yawa girbi a shekara da kuma samun kyauta mai kyau. Don samun nasarar, yana da muhimmanci a zabi al'adun da suka fi shahara sannan kuma yadda aka tsara tashoshin rarraba.
Don bukatun gida yana iya iyakance ga ƙananan greenhouse ko karamin gine-gine.
Amma wadanda suke shirin shirya lambobin sadarwa tare da shaguna da kuma sayar da ganye a cikin kundin tsarin, bukatan masana'antu greenhousessanye take bisa ka'idoji. Suna ba ka damar shuka tsaba da girbi amfanin gona a cikin shekara.
Greenhouses ga kore: mafi kyau ra'ayoyi daga manoma
Yaya za a yi girma ganye a cikin greenhouse duk shekara zagaye don kasuwanci? Mafi kyawun wurare don girma kore - polycarbonate greenhouses tare da biyu glazing a kan karfe bakin frame. Suna haifar da sakamakon thermos, suna kiyaye yawan zafin jiki mai zafi daga 15 zuwa 28ºC.
Gilashi yana da banƙyama kuma tsada, kuma fim ɗin filastik ba ya samar da yanayin yanayin sanyi cikin ɗakin. Masana'antu na masana'antu suna da girman girman (daga 0.5 hectares da sama). Manoma maras kyau yana da daraja gina ginin mita 100-120. m, a cikin nan gaba greenhouse za a iya fadada.
Tsarin greenhouses na greenery zai iya zama daban. A wurare masu sanyi, kafafu sune mafi shahararrun, samar da kyakkyawan haɓaka kuma ba yardar dusar ƙanƙara a kan rufin. Haka ma yana iya amfani da gargajiya arched greenhouses. Don namo a ƙasa ƙananan gine-gine za su yi, shelving greenhouses suna da mafi ban sha'awa girma.
Green business: abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Yanke shawarar girma greenery a kan masana'antu sikelin, da muhimmanci a san gaba game da wadata da fursunoni irin wannan sana'a.
Daga cikin kwarewar wannan kasuwancin:
- da ikon iya harbe da yawa girbi a shekara;
- greenhouses suna dace da kowane al'adu masu tsire-tsire, daga al'ada zuwa gaji;
- high buƙatar sabo ne;
- a cikin hunturu da kuma a farkon bazara, gefen ya karu sosai kuma karuwar riba ta kara;
- yiwu namo ta hanyar hydroponic, aeroponic ko hanyar ƙasa;
- harkar kasuwanci ta dace da mutane ba su da kwarewa a aikin noma;
- greenhouses rage ƙananan ƙananan amfanin ƙasa.
Duk da kwarewar da aka samu, kasuwancin yana da wasu damuwa:
- high halin kaka na gina da kuma dumama greenhouses;
- a lokacin rani, akwai babban gasar daga masu gida;
- abin da zai iya halakarwawannan yana ƙara yawan rashin amincewa;
- yana buƙatar adadi mai yawa wanda ya kara yawan amfanin jiki na kasar gona;
- don ƙara yawan kudin shiga, dole ne a yi aiki tare da babban samfurori na samfurori da kuma ƙara yawan su.
Menene ya kamata a girma a greenhouses?
Manoma masu kwarewa sun gaskata cewa girma ganye shine mafi kyawun zaɓi kasuwanci na greenhouse. Green al'adu girma da sauri, dandano ba canzawa ko da kuwa hanyar hanyar namo.
Daga cikin albarkatu a musamman bukatar:
- Ganye albasa. Don girma greenery dace matasan iri dake cewa ba su samar da kwararan fitila. A cikin greenhouse shuka iri-iri iri: batun, slizun, chives. Tsire-tsire ba ma neman haske, amma suna buƙatar babban adadin ma'adinai masu ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. Za'a iya samun albasarta ta ganye a cikin hanyar hydroponically ko hanya mairoponic.
- Dill. Yana da kyau sosai, yana ci gaba da sauri kuma yana buƙatar ƙaddamarwa akai. Don girma da buƙata mai kyau da haske.
- Faski. Don namo a greenhouses ta amfani da talakawa ganye da curly faski, wanda yake a cikin babban bukatar a cikin Stores. Mafi yawa yana buƙatar cin abinci mai gina jiki na kasar gona, watering da lighting. A yanayin zafi mara kyau, ci gaba yana tsayawa.
- Leaf letas. Kowane iri-iri ya dace da girma, amma Iceberg da sauri, bishiya mai laushi, da frieze suna da kyau sosai. Salatin ke tsiro da kyau a hydroponics, yana buƙatar mai yawa taki da ruwa.
Very alamar jagora - da namo of greenery a cikin tukwane na filastik. Ana sanya waɗannan kwantena a cikin takaddun kuma za su iya fadada rayuwar greenery a kan shelves.
Dill, letas da faski a cikin tukwane tayi hankali da hankali kuma an sayo su da sauri.
Farashin farashi wannan hanyar girma kusan daidai da gargajiya, kuma haɓaka a kan irin wannan samfurin sun fi girma. A cikin tukwane zaka iya girma ba kawai sanannun ganye ba, amma har da dama kayan yaji: Mint, lemun tsami balm, Anise, Cilantro, Basil, Rosemary, thyme.
Kayan kayan lambu na Greenhouse
Industrial greenhouses mafi sau da yawa amfani da fasahar hydroponic. Sun ba ka izini don ajiye sararin samaniya da rage yawan kudin da aka gama. Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tsarin gina jiki mai gina jiki, ba tare da amfani da ƙasa ba.
Wani zaɓi shine kasar gona mai noma. Tare da ganuwar greenhouses racks an shigar tare da na gina jiki substrate a cikin abin da tsaba suna sown. Shelf namo sa ya yiwu a ajiye a kan dumama, kara tsire-tsire shuke-shuke da 1 square mita. m greenhouses.
Greenhouse sanye take da tsarin iska da kuma dumama. An yi amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na masana'antu tare da bututu da aka tanada. Don rage farashin wutar lantarki, hanyoyin da aka saba amfani dashi sune: biofuels, faɗakar rana, yin amfani da igiyoyin infrared. Zai fi dacewa don zafi tsarin a hanyar haɗuwa, ta amfani da hanyoyi da dama yanzu.
Industrial greenhouses, tsara don namun gona, ya zama wanda aka tanadar da tsarin tsarin ban ruwa. Haske yana mahimmanci. Lamun karkashin rufi bai isa ba, kana buƙatar hasken gida na kowane tuni na ragon.
Domin kungiya ta ci gaba da aiki an bada shawarar yawan kuri'a. Wannan yana ba ka damar karɓar amfanin gona, kauce wa kan-dafa abinci. Bayan girbi kasar gona tana haɗe da taki, a hankali ya rabu da shi, shayar da kuma sanya shi da sabon tsari na tsaba.
Kuɗi, kuɗi da riba: ka'idojin lissafi
A lokacin kirga riba yana da muhimmanci a lura da duk farashin, guda daya lokaci da kowane wata. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- ƙasar haya;
- rajista na mahalli na shari'a;
- gini da kayan aiki na greenhouses;
- sayen kayan shuka da takin mai magani;
- ciyar da wutar lantarki da ruwa;
- biya haraji;
- albashi na ma'aikata ma'aikata;
- marufi da lakabi;
- Kudaden kaya don samar da kayayyakin da aka gama.
Wasu abubuwa na kashe kuɗi za a iya cire su daga kimantawa. Alal misali masu mallakar ƙasa ba za a kashe a hayan haya, da kananan greenhouses ba buƙatar masu ba da rancen hayawanda ya rabu da farashin albashi. Ana buƙatar aljihunan martaba don manyan gonaki da suka yi rajistar alamar kasuwanci kuma suna sayarwa ta hanyar sakin kaya.
Bisa ga kimantawa na masu sana'a, farashin gine-gine na polycarbonate guda 100 da mita 100,000. na fara daga 100,000 rubles. 10 000 rubles za su ciyar a kan dasa kayan, akalla 15,000 rubles za'a buƙaci don dumama.
Riba ya dangana da al'adun da aka zaɓa da hanyar aiwatarwa. Zaɓin mafi kyauta shi ne sayarwa ta hanyar ɗakunan kantin sayar da kaya ko kayan haya. A lokacin rani, kilogram na ganye zai iya kudin daga ruwan 80,000, a cikin hunturu farashin ya kai 150,000 rubles. Wannan haɓaka yana haɓaka da raguwar samarwa da rashin gasar daga gonaki masu zaman kansu.
Rashin amfani da kasuwancin girma na ganye bai yi yawa ba. A cewar kimanin kimanin kimanin, yana daga 15 zuwa 25%. Masana'antu na masana'antu suna biya a cikin shekaru 2-3, dawo a kan gonar greenhouse matsakaici girman - Shekaru 1.5-2. Amfani shine mafi girma a yankuna tare da yanayi mai dadi.
A yankunan arewacin, farashin greenhouse greenery yana ƙaruwa sosai, rage farashin. Kasuwancin da aka ƙaddara, karuwa a cikin hanyar sadarwa da kuma hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da shi don ƙona kayan lambu zai taimaka wajen rage yawan farashin.
Ganye ganye a cikin wani greenhouse a matsayin kasuwanci - uncomplicated amma financially m tsarin. Don samun nasara, ana buƙatar haɗin zuba jari na farko. Ko da kafin gina greenhouses yana da daraja tunani game da shirin tallace-tallace na fili da kuma kirga dukan halin kaka mai zuwa. Don farawa shi ne gina kananan gine-gine a matsayin wani zaɓi na ilimi. Idan tsarin ya ci gaba, zai yiwu a fadada karfin gona.
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