A kowane yanki na kewayen birni, busheshen bishiyoyi suna girma, yada ganye da aka sassaka a karkashin rani. Amma kamar wata ƙarni da suka gabata, an san wannan Berry a matsayin alatu, har ma a tsakanin aristocrats. Tabbas, manoma sun girbe daji strawberries daga a tarihi. Amma lambun strawberry (galibi ana kiransa strawberries) da farko ya fito ne a cikin Rasha kawai lokacin mulkin Alexei Romanov, mahaifin mai zuwa Peter Mai Girma nan gaba. Sarki ya kasance yana sha'awar abubuwan son shiga gonar kuma ya ba da umarnin lambu don shuka strawberries a cikin Lambun Izmailovsky. An yi sa'a, lokutan rashin ƙarfi na strawberry sun dade. Yanzu zaku iya zaɓar kowane irin nau'ikan da kuke so, dukda cewa ba mai sauƙi bane: a cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan furanni masu ƙyalƙyali fiye da 300. Corona kayan zaki iri-iri ana gane shi da ɗayan mafi kyau.
Tarihi da Bayani na wnan Tuban Yaren mutanen Holland
Wannan nau'ikan strawberries (lambun strawberries) an bred a cikin Netherlands. A shekarar 1972, a Cibiyar Horar da Abinci ta Wageningen, masana kimiyya sun kirkiro sabon kayan zaki iri daban daban ta hanyar tsallake Tamella da Induka. Gwajin da aka yi ya zama mai nasara sosai, saboda tun daga wannan lokaci Crown ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shugabanni a cikin irin nau'ikan itace.
A cikin ƙasarmu, sanannen theanyen Crown ba abin mamaki bane ba ne - inji ya iya rayuwa cikin yanayin digiri 20 na halayen yankuna na tsakiyar Russia.
Strawberry Crown shine sanyi mai iya jurewa. Yana sauƙaƙe yana jure yanayin zafi -20-22 ° C
A Korona strawberry iri-iri ne remontant: tare da ta dace namo da kuma kula daga bushes, ba za ka iya tattara ba daya amma da yawa Berry amfanin gona a kowace kakar. Idan an aiwatar da aikin nunannun berries a cikin greenhouse ko yanayin gida, to, strawberries yana ba da 'ya'ya a duk shekara.
Strawberry bushes - matsakaici tsayi tare da fadi da sassaka ganye, dan kadan concave. Gashin baki bai isa ba. Lambu suna son ɗan mustash masu yawa domin iri-iri, saboda yawanci triesan itacen yana ƙoƙari ya ja wurin, yana ƙoƙarin fita ko dai a gonar tare da tumatir ko kuma a cikin fure mai fure. Babu irin waɗannan matsalolin tare da Crown.
Crown - kayan zaki mai yawan iri-iri:
- mai tushe ne mai yawa, lokacin farin ciki lokacin farin ciki, wanda zai iya tsayayya da nauyin berries;
- babban farfajiya, yalwar fure a duk lokacin bazara;
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu duhu ne mai duhu, tare da sheen mai sheki, na kamannin "zuciya" daidai, suna awo daga 12 zuwa 30 g, daga daji ɗaya zaka iya tattarawa har zuwa 1 kilogiram na berries;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da dadi, mai laushi.
'Ya'yan itacen Corona Strawberry
Kambi ne na duniya a yi amfani. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin shirye-shiryen salatin 'ya'yan itace, kayan kwalliya, canning, da kuma cinye sabo.
A sa ne sanyi-resistant. Ya kara rigakafi ga cututtukan fungal.
Bidiyo: Daraja na gyara Crown a cikin lambu
Halaye na Strawberry Crown
A kambi nasa ne da irin matsakaici farkon ripening. Ana yin girma koyaushe don siyarwa, ciki har da kan sikelin masana'antu. Koyaya, saboda gaskiyar cewa berries na Crown suna da kyau sosai, baya jure sufuri. Saboda wannan dalili, strawberries ba mai sanyi ba ne.
Yawancin suna haɓaka sosai kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya a cikin yanayin yanayin greenhouse. Yawan aiki yayin girma a cikin ƙasa shine tsari na girman girman ƙasa da na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, tunda Corona yana thermophilic. Ta fi son wuraren da ke da rana ba tare da daɗewa ba. Amma strawberry ba wuya a kan ƙasa abun da ke ciki. Babban abu shine ƙasa ta kwance, tana cike da iskar oxygen.
A cikin yanayin greenhouse, Corona strawberry yana samar da amfanin gona mafi girma fiye da a cikin ƙasa bude
Rashin kyau da kuma fa'ida daga iri-iri
Fa'idodin corona strawberries sune:
- unpretentiousness ga abun da ke ciki na ƙasa.
- jure cututtukan fungal;
- babban aiki;
- iri daban-daban kula;
- sanyi juriya;
- kyakkyawan ɗanɗano na berries;
- juriya ga mildew powdery;
- matsakaici farkon ripening.
Bambancin Corona yana da halin yawan aiki
Daban-daban suna da wasu rashin nasara:
- yayin sufuri, berries da sauri sun lalace;
- kada a daskarar da berries;
- 'ya'yan itãcen marmari sukan shafi launin toka da farin tabo;
- iri-iri baya jure wa fari fari kuma yana buqatar shayarwa;
- peduncle yana da wuya a raba shi da berries;
- yawan amfanin ƙasa rage lokacin da girma a cikin ƙasa bude.
Siffofin Girma
Domin Crown iri-iri don kai tushen a cikin rani gida, jin mai kyau da kuma na rayayye kai 'ya'yan itace, yana da daraja familiarizing kanka tare da wasu tukwici a kan dasa da kuma kula.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi guda 3 don yaduwar strawberries:
- gashin baki
- raba daji
- tsaba.
Don kowane hanyar haifuwa, zaɓi kyakkyawan tsire-tsire masu cike da koshin lafiya.
Lokacin yada farfadowar gashin baki:
- Zaba wata shuka da take da kayan daki a jikin eriya.
- Ana shayar da ƙasa a kewayen daji kuma ta kwance.
- Ana latsa dan kadan ana tura shi cikin ƙasa kwance.
- Bayan samuwar ganye na manya 3-4, an yanke gashin baki, kuma an dasa ciyayi.
Ana amfani da 'yar rolette ganye tare da ganye a gashin-baki kadan a cikin ƙasa domin ya ɗauki tushe
Don rarraba daji, dole ne a haɓaka tushen sosai - a wannan yanayin, babu matsaloli tare da yaduwar iri-iri.
Lokacin yadawa ta hanyar rarraba daji:
- Tare da wuka mai kaifi, an rarraba daji zuwa bangarori da yawa don kowane ɗayan seedlings yana da launuka iri iri tare da ganye da yawa da tushe mai tasowa.
- Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin wani sabon wuri.
Don yada strawberries ta hanyar rarraba daji, Tushen dole ne a inganta shi sosai
Hanyar mafi cin lokaci shine yaduwar iri.
Germination of the Crown is high high: 8 tsaba daga 10. Amma wani ɓangare na seedlings na iya mutuwa tun kafin nutsewa saboda rashin buƙatar adadin haske da zafi da ake buƙata. 'Yan lambu suna ba da shawarar dasa shuki a cikin ƙananan kwantena tare da ƙasa.
- Tsaba an riga an tsoma cikin maganin Epin na tsawon awanni 6-20.
- Bayan haka, dasa zuwa zurfin 5 mm.
- Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi kuma an sanya shi a cikin daki inda zafin iska ya kasance 22-25 ° C.
- Da zaran 'ya'yan itacen sun bayyana, sai an hango' yan seedlings a kan windowsill don samar da isasshen haske.
- 'Ya'yan itacen ganye suna daurewa sau biyu: lokacin da ganyen farko na farko suka bayyana kuma a gaban ganye uku.
Idan akwai ganye guda uku, ana fitar da strawberries a cikin sel daban
Lokacin dasa shuki tare da tsaba, zaka iya amfani da allunan peat. Zasu samar da tsaba da yanayin da yakamata don ci gaban aiki mai karfi. Allunan an shimfiɗa su a ƙasan akwatin, ana zuba su da ruwa, ana kuma shuka tsaba bayan kumburi.
Kwayoyin Peat zasu ba da iri irin strawberry tare da yanayin zama dole don ci gaba mai ƙarfi da lafiya
Dasa strawberries
A farkon bazara, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin matattakak ko a buɗe ƙasa. Zai fi kyau gina manyan gadaje. An bada shawarar dasa shuki da yamma, don haka bushes ɗin bazai samu kunar rana a jiki ba.
- Sun haƙa ƙasa sosai kafin shuka, saboda Crown yana ƙaunar kwance, ƙasa mai ƙoshin iska.
- Yi gadaje 1-1.5 m fadi.
- A kan gado suna tono ramuka na zurfin da ake buƙata.
- A cikin layuka 2 ko 3, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Tsarin dasa wannan nau'in shine 50 × 50 cm.
- An shayar da ruwa sosai.
- An dasa shuki a cikin rijiyar. Yayyafa tushen da ƙasa.
- Ana zuba cokali 3 na itace na itace a ƙarƙashin kowane daji a matsayin babban miya.
- Bayan an dasa shuka, ana sake yin ruwa.
- Bayan an gama aikin dasa, gadaje suna mulched da bambaro, hay, sawdust ko black spanbond. Wannan zai haɓaka yawan ƙwayar strawberry kuma ya kawar da ciyawa.
Don strawberries mai zafi-ƙauna na launuka iri-iri na Korona, lokacin da aka girma a cikin ƙasa, mulching tare da spanbond baƙar fata yana da kyau
Abubuwan da suka dace na kyawawan abubuwan strawberries sune legumes: wake, Peas. Shuka shuka a cikin gadaje inda dankali, tumatir, kabeji ko cucumbers suka girma kafin ba a bada shawarar ba.
Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka strawberries
Ciyarwa mai mahimmanci
Kamar kowane amfanin gona na lambu, ana buƙatar ciyar da strawberries. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa zuwa ƙasa:
- lokacin dasa tsirrai (galibi suna amfani da ash itace);
- lokacin da sababbin ganye suka fara bayyana a shuka wanda ya sami tushe (nitroammophosco an narkar da shi da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1 tablespoon a kowace lita 10 na ruwa, strawberries yana shayar, yana ƙoƙarin hana mafita daga faɗuwa a cikin ganyayyaki);
- yayin ƙirƙirar 'ya'yan itatuwa (ana amfani da maganin 2 g na potassium nitrate da 10 l na ruwa a ƙarƙashin daji ba tare da shafi ganyen shuka ba);
- bayan an girbe (ana shayar da su da mullein bayani (10 l) tare da itacen katako (gilashin 1);
Siffofin Kula da Banbanci
Strawberry Crown yana buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun:
- Ana shayar da tsire-tsire na Strawberry kowane kwanaki 3. A 1 m2 an yarda da ka'idar lita 10 na ruwan dumi. Wasu lambu suna yin ruwa sau ɗaya kowace kwana 7. Yawan amfani da ruwa a wannan yanayin shine 20 l ta 1 m2.
Strawberries shayar da safe
- Duba ƙasa bayan ruwa, alhali kuwa ƙasa tana da ruwa. Kallon ƙasa zai samar da iskar oxygen zuwa ga tushen saiti. Sannan kasar gona ta mulmula. Kamar yadda ciyawar ciyawa, ko ciyawa take, cikakke ne.
Wajibi ne a kwance ƙasa a kan gado tare da strawberries don samar da shuka da isasshen isashshen sunadarin oxygen
- Ana wanke bakin wutsi daga strawberries a cikin kullun, wanda ke taimakawa haɓaka mai yawa. Abubuwan waje da ƙananan ganye a kan gashin-baki ana iya amfani dasu azaman kayan shuka. Pruning ne da za'ayi tare da kaifi sosai almakashi, ko kuma secateurs.
Strawberry mustache pruning ne da za'ayi tare da kaifi almakashi ko secateurs
- A cikin kaka, don cire cututtukan ganye da kuma sabunta Berry, ana yin ganyen ganye. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da keɓaɓɓun ko masu ɗaukar hoto. Ba zaku iya ɗaukan ganye da hannu ba, saboda wannan na iya lalata tushen da kayan itace na itace. Yanke tsarar tsohuwar ganye shine 5-7 cm.
- Ba a amfani da ciyawar da ake amfani da ita a matsayin ɗan takin, amma an ƙone. Wannan ya zama dole don hana bayyanar kwari da cututtuka.
- Bayan pruning, an ciyar da strawberries tare da takin gargajiya don mayar da ƙarfin shuka.
Yanke tsararren ciyawar ganye itace cm 5 cm
- Ana cire tsoffin da tsire-tsire marasa lafiya daga gonar kowace shekara. Ko da ka bar da yawa daga cikin wadannan bushes, ba za su ba da 'ya'ya a shekara ta gaba. Bugu da kari, dole ne mu manta cewa yawan toka da damuna na gadaje ke haifar da faduwa na berries.
Ofayan mahimman yanayi don ingantaccen haɓaka iri iri shine shayarwa na tsari. Kambi ba ya son wuce haddi na danshi, amma ba ya haƙuri da fari fari.
Yin rigakafin Cuta da Jiyya
A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa fungal cututtuka, gaskiya da downy mildew. Amma a lokaci guda, Crown yana ƙarƙashin launin toka da farin tabo. Don hana wannan, ya zama dole don lokaci-lokaci bincika tsirrai.
Hana bayyanar launin toka mai sauki ne:
- Wajibi ne a bi tsarin saukowa don kauracewa yin kauri;
- Yana da mahimmanci kula da danshi na ƙasa, saboda wuce haddi na danshi yana ɗayan abubuwan sanadin lalatattun launin toka.
Don hana lalacewar launin toka, yana da mahimmanci don hana ruwa zuwa ƙasa
Kuna iya yaƙi da cutar tare da magunguna masu ɗauke da jan ƙarfe (zaku iya amfani da sinadarin jan ƙarfe):
- An lalata samfurin tare da ruwa bisa ga umarnin.
- Sakamakon bayani yana fesa tare da strawberry bushes.
Abun farin fari shima babban matsala ne ga yan lambu. Alamar farko ta cutar ita ce bayyanar launuka masu launin shuɗi a cikin ganyayyaki, sannan cibiyar tabo ta fara zama fari fat. Koyaya, farin tabo yana shafar ba kawai ganye ba. Itaciyar fure da antennae na strawberries suma suna wahala.
Abun farin fari yana shafar ba kawai ciyawar itace 'yar itace ba ce, har ma da farfajiyar hutu da sauran abubuwa
Don magance fari spotting:
- Ana tsire tsire-tsire tare da ruwa na Bordeaux (1%) sau biyu: a gaban furannin strawberries da tsakiyar lokacin bazara;
- Maganin aidin (5%) an kara shi a ruwa (10 ml a kowace l 10 na ruwa), ana kula da ganyen tare da abun da ya haifar.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Shirya strawberries don lokacin sanyi fara a ƙarshen watan Agusta. A wannan lokacin, pruning ganye da mustaches. Ya raunana da kau da foliage, strawberries ne m zuwa cuta, don haka suna fesa tare da Bordeaux ruwa (1%).
Ba da daɗewa ba kafin farawa na sanyi, an rufe strawberries a tare da humus. Corona wani nau'in sanyi ne mai sanyi, amma ya fi kyau ayi wasa dashi mai lafiya don kar asarar amfanin gona a shekara mai zuwa.
Bidiyo: ciyawar dabino a cikin kaka
Sake duba lambu
An kambi kambi da kyau - ba ko da koda bushewar ganye da aka cire ba, wayayye yarinya !!! Nan da nan ya tafi da ƙarfi a cikin girma, fure ... Ya saura don gwada Berry don yanke shawara ko fadada dasa ...
Evgenia Yurievna//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6061
A wannan shekara, Crown wintered kusan ba tare da tsari kawai lafiya, duk da 20-digiri frosts dade wa yankin, shi ma ya inganta sosai. Amma saboda zafi na 33-digiri wanda ya fara a farkon tsakiyar Afrilu, ya zama da sauri ya tashi, kuma ba shi da lokacin da zai tabbatar da kansa sosai. Ba tare da ban ruwa na ruwa ba, ana buƙatar watering kowace rana - ba mafi yawan nau'in Hardy don zafi ba. A dandano ba dadi ba, amma akwai mafi kyau, ba tare da furta strawberry dandano. Yayinda na bar ...
Cersei//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6061
Ci gaba mai daɗi na wari game da wannan ire-iren ... Ee, yana da daɗi, yana da fa'ida, da kuma matakin safarar mutane, amma me yasa ba wanda zai rubuta cewa wannan ire-iren suna da farkon farko biyu zuwa uku babba (kuma babba sosai), sannan kuma cin nasara? Ko dai kawai ni? Da ƙari. Yuni yana da ruwa sosai, amma duk nau'in launin ruwan kasa da fararen fata sun ɗan shafa kaɗan (waɗanda ke sarrafa Ridomil da Azofos), amma Crown ... abu ne mai muni ... ko da yake ana sarrafa shi a kan layi tare da kowa. Fruiting bai riga ya gama ba, kuma kusan babu sauran ganye a rai. Sosai bugawa da tabo. Kuma ba wai kawai girma bushes, amma kuma duk matasa mustaches. Ko kuma kawai ni ma? Shekaru uku ina da shi, kuma kowace shekara ce…. Shi ke nan. Dakatar da wasa da ita. Zan jefar da shi. Wataƙila yana da bambanci ga wani, amma tabbas ba ya aiki a gare ni.
Svetlana Vitalievna//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6061
Nau'in Strawberry ya bambanta da juna ba kawai dandano ba. Yanayin girma da kulawa da tsire-tsire sun bambanta, amma wannan bai hana lambu da yawa ba. Bayan duk wannan, bayyanar da sabon samfuri a kan makirci na mutum, ci gabansa, da girbi wata nasara ce ga aikin kowane mai lambu.
