Mene ne ganye gwoza da kuma yadda aka kira shi? Bayani, hotuna, girma da kulawa

Duk da cewa ba'a san kowaccen ganye ba, dukkansu masu daraja ne da masu lambu. Kuma ba kawai dandano mai girma bane, amma har ma amfanin wannan al'ada.

A cikin labarinmu zamu gaya maka dalla-dalla game da tarihin asalin wannan kayan lambu, game da siffofinsa da bambance-bambance daga ƙananan beets, ya gaya maka game da duk abubuwan da ke da amfani da hanyoyi don amfani da su. Za ku koyi yadda za ku bunkasa al'ada da kyau, wane irin kulawa da yake bukata da kuma abin da cututtuka da kwari da za su iya barazana. Hakanan zaka iya kallon bidiyon mai amfani akan wannan batu.

Bayani da bambanci game da sauran beets

Mene ne kuma menene irin leaf gwoza? Sunan na biyu na jinsuna shine chard. Wannan shi ne alamar sauye-sauyen beets. Akwai nau'i biyu na wannan kayan lambu, wato leaf da stalked.

Dukansu jinsunan suna taproot. Bugu da ƙari, chard yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa. A cikin manyan gonaki ya kai 70-100 t / ha.

Chard ya bambanta da nau'ikan iri na beetroot da rashin kayan lambu. Wannan injin yana darajarta ta ganye da petioles, sanannun darajar su.

Muna bada shawara don kallo bidiyon game da siffofin leaf beets (chard):

Tarihin kiwo

Tarihin noma na chard yana da shekaru dubu uku. Ya samo asali ne a zamanin d Misira da Roma, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake kira chard a wasu lokuta "labaran Roman". Dangane da dukiyarsa da dandano, leaf beets da sauri samu mashahuri a tsakanin al'ummomi. A cikin Rasha, chard har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma a hankali ya kara da sha'awa.

Yadda za a yi amfani da shi a dafa abinci?

Zaɓuɓɓukan don amfani da leaf beets babban iri-iri. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da al'adun sabo don shirye-shiryen kore salads, beetroot, soups. A matsayin ƙari don karatun na biyu da aka kwashe ganye suna da kyau. Matasan ganye suna da taushi, ana iya bufa shi ko kuma toya a man.

Wasu lokuta wajibi na chard, biyu da kuma kabeji, kuma mai tushe suna dafa da cinye da bishiyar asparagus. Bugu da ƙari, Ana amfani da beets leaf don amfani da kabeji.

Muna bada shawara mu duba bidiyon game da amfani da beets leaf (chard) a dafa abinci:

Ƙarfi da raunana

Mun gode wa ganye mai haske, an samu nasarar dasa shi a matsayin shuka ornamental.

Akwai wadata da yawa daga ganyayyaki na ganye.. Wadannan sun haɗa da:

• Girma na farko (game da sauran nau'o'in burodi da aka karanta a nan).
• Babban dandano.
• Unpretentiousness a cikin namo.
• Kyakkyawan bayyanar.
• Babban yawan aiki.
• Tsayar da 'ya'yan itace.

Wadannan rashin amfani sun hada da mawuyacin yanayin sanyi na al'ada. Yana da kyauccen shuka, amma bai dace da hunturu a ko'ina ba. Rasha na daya daga cikin kasashe da yanayin sanyi mai yawa. Mun rubuta a nan game da irin tsire-tsire masu dacewa da girma a tsakiyar Rasha, kuma a cikin wannan labarin za ku koyi irin nau'in beets za a iya horar da su a Urals.

Amfana da cutar

Mangold za a iya amincewa da ita da al'adun da ke da amfani a kowane hali.. Fiye da dozin antioxidants polyphenolic sun samo a cikin ganyayyaki, ciki har da kaempferol, wanda ya rage yiwuwar bunkasa ilimin ilimin halitta. Tare da kaempferol, leaf beets dauke da lilac acid, wanda shine alhakin tsari na jini sugar.

Kamar beets, chard da aka sani ga babban abun ciki na betalains - iko antioxidants. Leaf beets suna arziki a cikin bitamin da Macronutrients. Alal misali, kawai 100g na sabo ne ganye dauke da fiye da rabin abin da ake bukata na magnesium ga jikinmu. Mangold yana taimaka wajen inganta tsarin kwakwalwa, magance kiba, anemia da rashi bitamin.

Duk da amfanin amfanin ganyayyaki na ganye, yana da muhimmanci a san cewa yawancin bitamin K a cikin abun da yake ciki yana da yawa fiye da yawan kuɗin yau da kullum. Ya wuce kima a cikin jiki yana haɓaka karuwa a platelets da karuwa a cikin jini danko. Wannan yana da haɗari sosai ga waɗanda ke fama da varicose veins ko thrombophlebitis. Wani abu wanda ba zai amfane shi kawai ba, har ma ya cutar da shi - oxalic acid.

Board: Sabili da haka, ana bayar da shawarar yin amfani da ƙwayar koda ko gall matsaloli don tafasa a gaban kaya.

Dasa da kulawa

• Kayan shuka. Za'a iya saya tsaba a ɗakin ajiya. Kudin ya bambanta daga 20-200 rubles a kowace kunshin, dangane da zaɓin da aka zaba.
• Saukowa lokaci. Mafi kyau lokaci don dasa shuki tsaba ne Afrilu, zai fi dacewa tsakiyar ko karshen watan.
• Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa. Yanayin haske yafi dace. Idan hasken rana bai ishe ba, injin zai tara nitrates.
• Ƙasa. Kusan kowane ƙasa yana dace da dasa shuki - babban abu shi ne cewa ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da kuma matsakaici na m. Ba za a yarda da ruwa mai yawa ba ko overdrying.
• Saukowa. Kafin dasa shuki, an shuka iri a rana don ingantaccen shuka. An dasa shuka a ƙasa a nesa da 2-5 inimita daga juna, ta rufe har zuwa zurfin sita 2. Idan an yi saurin saukarwa da wuri, yafi kyau don amfani da kayan abu.
• Zazzabi. An yi imanin cewa yawan zafin jiki na zafin jiki domin girma bishiyoyi - 15-25 digiri, a lokacin flowering - 20-25. Duk da haka, chard zai iya jure yanayin zafi har zuwa +35 kuma hasken rana ya kai zuwa -3. A yanayin zafi, tsire-tsire mai tushe ya zama ruwan hoda, kuma a yanayin zafi mai zafi - kore.
• Watering. Mangold shine al'adar mai laushi, ci gabanta ya ragu a ƙasa mai bushe. Mafi kyawun jadawalin watering - kowace rana.
• Top dressing. Ciyar daji yana da muhimmanci bayan kowane yanke ganye ko petioles. Maganin urea (10g / 10l) ko humus mafi kyau ya dace.
• Wasu matakan kulawa. Takardar gwoza yana buƙata a sassauta kuma a ci gaba akai. Sako da ƙasa zai samar da asali da oxygen, kuma babu weeds zai rage yiwuwar cutar ko bayyanar kwari.
• Girbi. Ana iya tattara girbi cikin makonni shida bayan dasa shuki har sai marigayi kaka. An yanke ganye ko kawai karya kashe a tushe tare da petioles.

Shuka ajiya

Akwai hanyoyi biyu don adana amfanin gona. Idan ganye da petioles suna sabo ne, an saka su a cikin jaka a filastik kuma an sanya su cikin firiji. Saboda haka, sun kasance masu amfani da kwanaki uku zuwa biyar. Idan hanyar farko ba ta dace da dalili ɗaya ko wani ba, an wanke shi, a yanka, an saka shi da kuma daskarewa. An wanke ganye da sauri a gabanin amfani.

Cututtuka da kwari

Akwai ƙwayoyin cututtuka guda biyu ne kawai don ganye beets:

• Black kafa. Wannan mummunar cuta ne, wanda shine tushen lalacewa. Yana rinjayar yafi seedlings da matasa shuke-shuke.
• Mealy dew. Wata cuta ta hanyar naman gwari. An bayyana a cikin nau'in farin Bloom a kan ganye.

Mafi yawan kwari na kwari don ganye beets ne aphid da gwoza.

Rigakafin matsaloli daban-daban

Kula da kayan kula da kayan lambu yana tabbatar da girbi mai kyau.. Ya isa ya yi amfani da taki a lokaci kuma kada ya bar waterlogging.

Kammalawa

Mangold - al'adun gargajiya da sauki don wankewa. A kan gado na lambun ko cikin gonar, ba zai zama da kyau ga ido ba, amma zai kawo wadata da dama.