Fure-fure daga iyalin orchid za a iya girma ba kawai a kan windowsill ba, har ma a gonar. Takalma Venus sun fi dacewa da wannan dalili, kuma za ka kara koyo game da fasalin haɓakawa na dasawa da kulawa.
Tsarin furen takalma na al'ada
Gidan lambun lambun Aljanna yana da ma'anar tsarin furanni mai ban mamaki, wanda ya ba shi suna. Babban abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne ƙananan ƙananan fata, wanda yana da siffar kumbura wanda yayi kama da ƙafar takalma. Duk sauran takalmin ƙwayoyin suna da daidaitattun nau'i: ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna tashi sama da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, kuma suna iya ƙuƙƙasawa kawai ko juyawa kaɗan. Sauran karin takalma biyu suna boye a karkashin launi na flower, yayin da suke girma tare. Wani shinge mai mahimmanci yana kwance a kan lebe kanta. 
Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da takalmin Venus a magani na gargajiya, inda aka dauke su magani mai kyau don rikitarwa masu rikitarwa na tsarin jin dadin jiki da kuma psyche, ciki har da magunguna marasa lafiya.
Shuka kayan abu da ƙasa
Kwancen gyaran takalma yana aiki mai wuyar gaske, tun da yake rhizomes, dace da kayan shuka, suna da matukar damuwa kuma zasu iya lalacewa da sauri. Saboda haka don dasa shi ne mafi kyau saya shuke-shuke a cikin tukwane, kuma kawai bayan sun kai shekaru biyar. Gaskiyar ita ce sun yi girma kawai a wannan shekarun, don haka idan ka sayi kayan aikin kayan shuki uku na shekaru uku, dole ka jira wasu shekaru biyu don furanni na farko.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da sayen takalma a cikin tukwane, ya kamata a fahimci cewa kasar gona da ake dasawa ita ce hanya ta musamman, kuma ba za a ajiye su a cikin dogon lokaci ba. Zai fi kyau shuka furanni akan flowerbed nan da nan bayan sayan.
Idan, duk da haka, ana amfani da su don dasa shuki rhizomes, ya kamata su yi launin launi da wasu kyawawan lafiya waɗanda suke shirye don cigaba. Idan rhizome baƙar fata ne kuma ya yi banza - ya fi kyau a jefa shi nan da nan, tun da ba zai haifar da ci gaban ba. Rhizome tare da rauni buds zai iya girma ne kawai a cikin 'yan shekaru, sa'an nan kuma tare da arziki mai girma. Dole ne a zaba shi sosai a cikin ƙasa don "kofi". Wannan shuka ba zai yi girma ba a cikin gona mai laushi na gonar, tun da irin wannan ƙasa yana da "kitsen". A lokaci guda kuma, kasar gona ba ta kasance mai raɗaɗi ba. Zai fi dacewa don samar da ƙasa ga gonar orchids ta hannun, hadawa don wannan dalili:
- tsaka tsaki na acid;
- humus daga ganye auku;
- birch rotters;
- sand mai yawa.
Zaɓin wuri da saukowa na takalma na al'ada
"Kukushkin takalma," kamar yadda aka bayyana furen da ake kira, girma sosai a cikin shaded wurare, don haka flowerbed a gefen arewacin gidan zai dace da su sosai. Da kyau, an dasa su a cikin inuwa na fences, har ma a karkashin bisassun itatuwa. Kyakkyawan jagora na wurin da takalma zasu iya daidaita shi ne ƙwayar, saboda waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da irin abubuwan da ake bukata don ƙasa da shading.
Game da dasa bishiyoyi na waɗannan furanni, ya kamata a gudanar da ita ko dai a cikin kaka ko a farkon lokacin bazara, yayin da shuka bai riga ya shiga girma ba. Ƙananan rami da zurfin 30-40 cm suna shirye don shuka, wanda aka cika da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki (fadin rami ya kamata ya dace da girman tsarin furanni). Ba zai zama mawuyacin yin magudi a kasa na ramin ba, wanda aka bada shawarar yin amfani da guda na limestone
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin dasa shuki kayan sayarwa, yana da muhimmanci a hankali a duba da kuma cire duk yankunan da sukayi lalata. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, injin ba zai yi girma ba.
Saurin saukowa ya haɗa da wadannan ayyuka:
- A wurin da aka shirya a cikin rami a cikin matsayi na kwance ya shimfiɗa tushen tushen shuka kuma a hankali a hankali ya daidaita zuwa gefe. Wajibi ne a yi aiki tare da su a hankali, kamar yadda a wasu lokuta zasu iya zama m.
- A lokacin da aka dasa shuki, dole ne a rufe katako da lakaran ƙasa fiye da 1.5 cm lokacin farin ciki. Idan kun zurfafa shi, dole ne ku jira tsawon lokaci don flowering.
- Bayan kwance barci tare da cakuda ƙasa, ana buƙata a shayar da shi, wanda aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da gangaji, kofuna na needle ko ganyen itatuwan lambu wanda ke da lokacin yin lalacewa.
Shin kuna sani? Idan an shuka shuka sosai, bayan shekaru 4 na girma a wuri daya zai iya yada tushenta zuwa wani wuri har zuwa 70 cm a diamita, zai zurfi da 30 cm.
Abokan hulɗa don takalma
Lambar orchid "slipper" mai matukar wuya game da abokan tarayya a gadon filawa, wanda dole ne a zaba tare da kulawa na musamman. A sama mun riga mun ambata fern, wanda ya ci gaba da buƙata kamar irin takalma, kuma zai iya zama abokin tarayya mai kyau ga waɗannan tsire-tsire.
Yana da kyau a ba waɗannan furanni a unguwannin da runduna da kuma furen furen kasa. Musamman mawuyacin haɗari su ne tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, wanda tsawon lokaci zai iya fitar da takalmin Venus kuma ya dakatar da girma. A wannan yanayin, yawancin masu shuka furanni suna tsara haɓaka daga cikinsu.
Kula da takalma na cuckoo a gonar
Tuni a farkon lokacin bazara, za a iya buɗe shuka mai girma daga tsari na hunturu da kuma sassauta ƙasa a kusa da shi. A cikin kakar girma, takalma zai buƙaci kadan hankali, amma har yanzu zasu bukaci shi.
Watering
Pafiopedilumu yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering, wanda, duk da haka, ya zama na yau da kullum. Musamman ma, yana da amfani don tsaftace gadaje yayin da mai tsalle ya bushe, kodayake zurfin shimfidawa dole ne ya zama cikakke sosai. Ka tuna a lokaci guda cewa yawancin danshi ba zai amfana da takalma na al'ada ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin Kula dasu takalma yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ƙasa a cikakke tsabta. An bada shawarar cewa ba za a fitar da weeds ba, amma a yanka a sama don kada a bata lalata takalmin takalma a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
Top dressing
Idan furen slipper an ciyar dashi, zai nuna kyakkyawan girma. Saboda haka, tun lokacin bazara za a hadu da shi tare da ragowar ciyawa. Raya na biyu da aka ba da shawarar ba a baya ba tun farkon watan Mayu, sannan kuma kawai don furen varietal. Don yin wannan, zaka iya yin amfani da shirye-shiryen ma'adinai masu mahimmanci don furanni na lambun, tare da yin ruwa tare da ruwa a cikin rabin kashi. Idan muna magana ne game da furen da kake da kanka a gida, to, daga cikinsu akwai darajar maganin kawai shuke-shuke yellowed.
Maimaita ciyarwa zai iya zama a karshen Yuni, lokacin da tsire-tsire sun riga sun rasa furanni. Amma dole ne a tuna cewa takalma na Venus suna da matukar damuwa ga ƙara yawan abubuwan gina jiki da zai iya mutuwa daga karuwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tuni a ƙarshen watan Agusta - kwanakin farko na watan Satumba, ana bada shawarar a yanke katako a tushe, kuma kusa da hunturu, yana da kyau a ciyawa.
Frost juriya daga takalma
Orchids a cikin gonar, musamman ma idan yazo da irin nau'in matasan, suna da tsayayya da yanayin zafi kadan kuma zasu iya shawo kan ƙasa maras kyau, koda mercury a cikin ma'aunin zafi zai sauke zuwa -37 ° C. Amma har yanzu don hana lalacewar rhizomes na takalma na al'ada, a cikin hunturu yana da mahimmanci a rufe su da babban dutsen snow. Idan kana zaune a kudancin yankunan inda dusar ƙanƙara ba ta wuce mita 1-5, to ana bada shawara a rufe furanni don lokacin hunturu tare da ciyawa.
Sake gyaran takalma na al'ada
Don ƙirƙirar babban shuka na furanni da aka fi so a cikin gadaje na furanni, yana da muhimmanci mu fahimci yadda slipper ta samo shi. Don wannan dalili, zaka iya amfani da tsaba guda biyu kuma yi amfani da ragowar ciyayi na tsofaffi daji. Tabbas, lokacin da ka fara shuka wannan furanni a cikin gadajenka, sau da yawa dole ka nemi amfani da tsaba, duk da haka wannan hanyar tana da mummunar hasara: ƙwayar matashi kawai zata yi fure shekaru 5 bayan shuka (kuma wani lokacin 12), saboda yana buƙatar alamomi tare da naman gwari.
Ga dalilan da ke sama Mafi sau da yawa don dasa shuki tushen takalma ana amfani dashi, wanda aka rarraba shi da shuka a matsayin tsire-tsire. Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa a kalla mutane uku masu rai da shirye-shirye zasu kasance a kowane ɓangare na raba daji. Har ila yau lura cewa kowace toho zai dauki akalla shekaru 3-4 don bunkasa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, bayan haka za'a haife shi kuma a canza shi zuwa kyakkyawar shuka shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don haifuwa da takalma na al'ada ta rarraba daji, zaka iya amfani da tsire-tsire masu girma a kalla shekaru 3-4. Lokacin rarraba, yana da matukar muhimmanci a warkar da dukkan kwayoyi kuma dasa su a cikin wuraren da aka shirya.
Cututtuka da kwari da takalma
Cututtuka na takalma na yau da kullum sukan ci gaba saboda rashin kula da tsire-tsire, da kuma lokacin da dasa shuki a wuri mara kyau ko ƙasa. Har ila yau takalma na iya cutar da:
- Yawanci da kuma yawan zafi, wanda ke kaiwa ga shan kashi na tushen tsarin fungal rot.
- Yin amfani da rhizomes masu kamuwa da fure.
- Yi aiki tare da kayan dasa kayan aiki tare da kayan aikin marasa cututtuka, musamman idan raba ramin.
Domin magance rot da sauran cututtuka na takalma na al'ada, an bada shawarar da za a bi da su tare da amfani da biofungicides. Kamar yadda irin wannan kwayoyi ya dace da "Fitosporin", "Trichodermin", "Alirin-B". dole ne a yi amfani da su bisa ga umarnin.Don kwari, to, takalmin Venus suna kaiwa ga dukan kwari da tsutsotsi wanda ya yada zuwa wasu furanni da gonar lambu:
- mealy tsutsa;
- gizo-gizo mite;
- aphid;
- garkuwa;
- slug;
- katantanwa.
Kula da takalma a cikin takalma ba shi da wuya, ko da yake a kan duka, girma wadannan furanni na buƙatar mai yawa kokarin - bayan duka, shekaru goma sha wuce na dasa shuki zuwa na farko flowering. Amma duk da haka, takalman Venus suna dauke da furanni mafi kyau waɗanda suke da daraja.
