Geranium da pelargonium - daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu yawancin gida: suna da sauƙi don kulawa, suna da kyau sosai kuma suna warkar da kaddarorin - suna tsarkake iska da toxins da poisons. Yadda za a kula da pelargonium da kyau, menene yanayi mafi kyau don kiyayewa, yadda za a kare shi daga kwari - bincika dalla-dalla.
Bayanin Botanical na shuka
Babban fasalin wannan shuka daga iyalin Gerania an boye a cikin sunan - wannan geranium yana da leaftened ganyewanda yayi kama da kishi a cikin tsari: guda biyar-lobed, fata da santsi. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, waɗannan ganye suna da karfi, suna iya shiga cikin dutsen ƙasa har ma da duwatsu, amma a gida, ganye na pelargonium suna da sauƙi kuma suna da siffar ado na ado. 
Rassan suna da tsawo, m, ratayewa, don haka wannan geranium an dasa shi ne sau da yawa a cikin tukwane da tukwane. Irin wannan geranium tare da ganye mai rataye ana kiransa ampel (Ampel - ma'anarsa shine "gilashin rataye"). Ƙararren launi na nau'in nau'in, an kafa su da furanni 5-9 a cikin wani bunch. Wannan geranium yawanci blooms daga tsakiyar spring zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani. Inuwa daga irin wannan yanayin yana da nau'o'in iri-iri: a yau akwai pelargonium, wanda ya yi girma a kusan dukkanin launi. 
Shin kuna sani? Geranium shine dangi mafi kusa na pelargonium: an samo asali na farko na wannan shuka a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarshen karni na 17, daga inda aka kawo su Turai. Duk da cewa ana amfani da pelargonium da geranium a matsayin sunayen synonymous, suna da tsire-tsire daban-daban, ko da yake daga wannan iyali - Geranium.
Launi na iya zama damuwa - tare da bambanci spots, ratsi, dige da rims. Girman mai girma amber pelargonium zai iya isa 1.5 m a tsawon, don haka tukwane da irin wannan geraniums suna sau da yawa sanya a kan baranda ko wani cascade tsaya. 
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, an kafa wannan geranium a ƙananan ƙananan yanayi a cikin yanayi mai dadi da dumi, an samo shi a Italiya, Spain, kuma a wasu yankuna na Sin.
Tsarin albarkatun amintattun su ne wakilan ado na flora tare da rataye harbe da kuma matakan hawan dutse waɗanda suke da kyau a cikin tukwane da kwando. Waɗannan su ne verbena, lobelia, fuchsia, dichondra, petunia.
Yanayin girma
Halin da ke dacewa da girma da kuma yawan furancin ivy-kamar ampel pelargonium suna da ɗan bambanci daga yanayin da ake bukata ga talakawa geranium. Yana buƙatar abun da ke ciki na ƙasa, wani zazzabi da hasken wuta.
Shin kuna sani? "Pelargonium" yana nufin "stork" a cikin harshen Helenanci, da dangi, geranium, na nufin "crane" a cikin fassarar. Irin wadannan shuke-shuke sunaye sunaye ne saboda irin kamannin 'ya'yan su da wuraren kwari na tsuntsaye.
Haskewa
Amfella Pelargonium yana daya daga cikin 'yan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ciki wanda ba kawai yana bukatar isasshen hasken lantarki ba, amma kuma cikakke ba ji tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Bugu da ƙari, haske mai haske shine kawai abin da ake bukata don aikin al'ada na wannan flower. Ba'a ba da shawarar kiyaye Pelargonium a kusa da windows da ke fuskantar gefen arewa ba - zai yi girma kuma ya yi fure a gefen kudu.
Hakika, shuka zai iya zama a gefen arewa, duk da haka, ya ba da haske cewa hasken rana zai yi tsawo, kuma a cikin duhu (a cikin watanni na hunturu) za a samar da hasken wuta na wucin gadi. 
Air zazzabi da zafi
A lokacin watannin bazara Yanayin iska bai wuce +32 ° C baIn ba haka ba, in babu watering, geraniums iya ƙone kawai. A cikin hunturu, mafi kyau shine ma'aunin zafi mai zafi +15 ° C - yana da wannan zazzabi cewa geranium na iya Bloom har ma a cikin watanni sanyi. Rashin iska mai tsananin zafi ba mummunan pelargonium ba, bazai buƙatar ƙarin moistening da spraying - duk da haka, watering ya kamata a gudanar a kullum.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kwayoyin Pelargonium ba su dace da dadi mai zurfi - lokacin da ruwa ya tara a kan ganye, tsarin lalata zai fara. Don kauce wa wannan, ruwa ya kamata furen ya kasance ƙarƙashin tushen sa, yana guje wa ruwa a kan ganye.
Mafi kyau ƙasa
Mafi kyau ƙasa ga pelargonium - sako-sako, mai gina jikikunshi wani cakuda yashi, turf da peat. Wannan rubutun yana riƙe da danshi da kyau, amma baya taimakawa zuwa matsakaicin ruwa a cikin tushen shuka. Don yin wannan, wajibi ne don saka malalewa akan kasa na tukunya - zai cire matsanancin danshi. Har ila yau, a cikin tukunya ya kamata a zaba - yana da kyau a yi amfani da tukunya na rataye ko kwakwalwa na musamman, wanda aka samo a gefen baranda - yana da muhimmanci a samar da isasshen wuri ga madogarar mai tushe na shuka. 
Yadda za a kula da pelargonium a gida
Domin irin wannan geranium ampel ba zai cutar da shi ba, yana da kyau da kyau kuma yana jin dadin ido duk shekara, kana buƙatar bi ka'idodin kula, shayarwa da kuma ciyar da wannan injin mai haske.
Ƙara koyo game da pelargonium: shawarwari na gaba ɗaya, iri da iri - tulip, sarauta (kiwo).
Daidaita watering
Babban mulkin watering geraniums - kar a overdo shi. Wannan furancin yana da mummunar haɓakar haɗari, har ma mafi muni fiye da fari. A lokacin zafi mai zafi, zaka iya shayar da fure a ƙananan ƙwayar kowace rana, duk da haka, kana buƙatar duba ƙasa - idan ba a bushe a zurfin 2-3 cm ba, to sai a dakatar da watering zuwa rana mai zuwa. Yin amfani da irin wannan geranium ba kawai ba ne dole ba, amma har ma da haɗari - ƙwayar da take wucewa yana damuwa a kan shuka. A cikin hunturu, zai zama isasshen ruwa da shuka 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 5-7 (dangane da zazzabi a dakin). 
Shuka abinci mai gina jiki
Gudanar da aiki yana buƙatar geraniums a lokacin yawan flowering (kamar daga Mayu zuwa Agusta). A wannan lokaci, dole ne a hadu da shuka a kalla sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7-10 tare da karin ma'adinai na musamman ko humus, wanda aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa. A sauran lokutan, ana buƙatar takin mai magani sau da yawa - kusan sau ɗaya kowace rana 20. A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, yafi kyau a yi amfani da potash da phosphate takin mai magani, da kuma a cikin fall da hunturu - humus da sauran kwayoyin halitta.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan babu taki na musamman ko ma'adinai a hannunka, zaka iya yin ruwa da geranium tare da ruwa da madara (kashi 2: 1) - pelargonium yana son irin wannan ruwa mai rikitarwa, wanda yake ƙarfafa ganyayyaki kuma yana ƙaddara shi da abubuwa masu muhimmanci.
Pruning da kuma shirya daji
Domin farangonium ya zama dushi da kuma lokacin farin ciki, an yanke shi a kowace shekara - ana bada shawarar a wannan watan a farkon watan marigayi, nan da nan bayan hibernation. Ba wai kawai dukkanin waxannan cututtukan da aka cire ba, an cire su, amma duk sauran - sai kawai wadanda aka samu da rassa 2-4. Wannan hanya ya kamata a yi tare da wuka mai maƙarƙashiya, ba zai iya yiwuwa a kwashe ko karya fashewar ganye ba - rassan gefen gefen ganye zai fara rot.
Idan har da haka ba komai bace bace da ganye ba, sai a greased wuri na dutsen da gawayi. An yi daidai pruning na ganye don haka tushe na yankan kanta ya kasance a kan shuka, ba a kan bishiya ba. Ya kamata a gudanar da tsabta a kan mahimmanci - kawai ta wannan hanya zai yiwu ya samar da wani ɓoye na daidaiccen siffar, kuma ya ceci shuka daga raunuka ko rauni.
Bidiyo: Ivy Pelargonium Trimming
Tashi
Kwararrun masu bada shawara sun bada shawara Replant ivy geranium ba fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin 2 shekaru. Duk da haka, dole ne a sake gina tsire-tsire a kowace shekara, amma tsohuwar (shekaru 4 ko fiye) - kamar yadda tushensu ke rufe dukkan tukunyar (shekaru 2-3). Ga kowanne replanting, tukunya ya zama kadan ya fi girma fiye da baya, amma abun da ke ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance daidai.
Shin kuna sani? Amfani da iran geranium a cikin maganin gargajiya ya fara ne a ƙarshen karni na 18 - An kira shi "furen matalauci", tun lokacin da matalauta matalauta sunyi amfani da ganyen wannan shuka don wanke iska daga dampness da maye gurgu a gidajensu.
Idan tukunya na ainihi ya isa sosai, kuma kuna ganin cewa tsire ba ta raguwa ba, za ku iya riƙe m dashi: cire saman ƙasa, ya maye gurbin shi tare da sabo daya (yana da muhimmanci don ƙara hawan). Yayin da kake yin dashi, kana buƙata a hankali, ka fahimci shuka ta hanyar tushe kuma ka tallafa wa asalinsu, motsa shi zuwa wani sabon tukunya tare da ƙasa mai tsabta mai tsabta. Gwada kada ku lalata ganye, har ma fiye da haka tushen: mutuncin mutuncinsu na tushen da ganye shine maɓalli don dasa shuki a cikin sabon tukunya. 
Kwayar cuta da cutar
Babban cututtuka wanda zai iya faruwa a cikin pelargonium, sakamakon sakamakon ruwa da ƙananan haske. Wani lokaci kuma yana rinjayar aphid da whitefly - duk da haka, ƙanshin ganye, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kayar da aphids, amma whitefly ne mai dacewa a cikin ganyen pelargonium.
Bincika tips a kan yadda za a magance aphids da whitefly.
Don yin rigakafin wannan kwaro, ana amfani da geranium tare da sunadarai na musamman ko kayan ado na dandelion ko yarrow. Magungunan sinadarai sun fi tasiri, amma basu da kyau: akwai haɗari cewa zasu haifar da ƙanshi a kan ganyen pelargonium. Da kayan ado na Dandelion da kuma yarrow lamba contact - yana aiki kai tsaye a kan kwaro, ba tare da haddasa lalacewa da flower kanta. 
Irin wadannan maganin magungunan nan ana amfani dasu, a cikin kananan saukad da kai tsaye a kan whitefly - yayin da shuka kanta an ware daga sauran ɗakin furanni har sai cikakken dawowa.
Idan ganye ya bushe, juya launin rawaya, rot, wani launin toka mai launin toka yana bayyana kuma tushen tushe ya juya baƙar fata - wannan alama ce mai ban mamaki. A wannan yanayin, saurin gaggawa na shuka a cikin sabon sabo, mai mai tsabta da taki ya zama dole, a ƙasa wanda aka sanya magudi.
Gano dalilin da yasa geranium ganye juya launin rawaya, yadda za a bi da wani shuka.
Yadda za a yada Pelargonium ileum
A gida, akwai hanyoyi 2 don samar da irin wannan geraniums: cuttings da tsaba.
Girma daga zuriyar
Wannan hanya ba ta da kowa - yana da kyau damuwa da lokacin cinyewasabili da haka, geraniums an fi sau da yawa yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings. A lokacin da aka shuka tare da tsaba, wani lokaci wani lokaci geranium ya rasa halaye masu bambanta. Don irin wannan haifuwa, kana buƙatar shirya ƙasa mai kyau: ya kamata ya zama cakuda peat, yashi da sod a daidai rabbai. Tukunya da kanta ya zama ƙasa. 
Domin tsaba su yi girma da sauri, dole ne don samar da su da yawan zafin jiki na + 22-24 ° C, sabili da haka, ya fi kyau a aiwatar da wannan hanya a cikin watanni na rani. An dasa tsaba na shuka a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, an rufe ta da fim kuma an sanya shi a ƙarƙashin tushen haske. Bayan kwanaki 8-12, za a fara fito da fim din - yanzu ana bukatar cire fim ɗin, sannan kuma a yi amfani da tsire-tsire a hankali a hankali (yana da kyau a kawo ruwa a karkashin asalinsu daga sirinji na likita). Kamar yadda na farko harbe suka kara karfi (bayan makonni 3-4), an dasa su cikin kananan tukwane har zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Idan ka bi duk ka'idoji, ƙananan furanni na matasa Pelargonium girma a wannan hanya zai faru ne kawai a shekara guda.
Video: Noma na Ivy Pelargonium daga tsaba
Karanta kuma game da namo da iri geraniums: kwazazzabo, jini-ja.
Cuttings
Yanke shi ne mafi dace hanya na kiwon waddan pelargonium. Da farko, kana buƙatar shirya daidai cuttings - dole ne su kasance Apical, yanke a karshen hunturu ko a karshen lokacin rani: wannan shine lokaci mafi kyau ga grafting.
A yankan kanta dole ne dauke da akalla 3-4 ganye. An bushe tsire-tsire ne a cikin iska don kimanin rana, da rana mai zuwa, kafin dasawa ta kai tsaye, wurin da aka yanke ya bi da shi tare da wakili na musamman - tushen rawar jiki. Wani lokaci ana suma da gawayi kawai. Sa'an nan kuma an shirya madara - a cakuda peat, yashi da turf. 
An dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya a kewaye da tukunyar - yana da muhimmanci a bar jigilar isa tsakanin seedlings (akalla 12 cm). An sanya akwati tare da cuttings a ƙarƙashin haske wanda aka yada - ana yaduwa ƙasa a kai a kai. Bayan makonni 2-3, seedlings zasu dauki tushe ka ƙarfafa. Bayan 30-35 days bayan dasa, seedlings iya riga a transplanted cikin mutum tukwane (su kada su zama babban a cikin size).
Ka tuna: mafi girma da tukunya, mafi muni pelargonium zai Bloom. A sakamakon yaduwa da cuttings, matasa seedlings na pelargonium iya Bloom bayan watanni 6-8 kawai.
Video: Ivy Pelargonium girma da cuttings
Bayani na masu shuka flower a kan namo na Ivy Pelargonium
Ileum Pelargonium mai haske ne mai kyau kuma a lokacin lokacin flowering zai yi ado ba kawai gilashin taga ba, har ma yankunan gida da gonar hunturu. Sanin ka'idodin kulawa da kulawa da wannan shrub shukin zai ba ka izinin ƙirƙirar kayatarwa mai kyau wanda zai faranta ido a duk shekara zagaye.
