Daga Moscow zuwa ketare - inda kuma ta yaya dankali ke girma a Rasha?

Wannan albarkatun abincin mai kyau a Rasha shine kayan abinci mai mahimmanci. Kuma idan a cikin karni na 18 ne aka girma ne kawai a cikin lambuna na kantin magani da gonaki na Botanical, a yau yana girma kusan a ko'ina.

A zamanin yau, dankali suna girma a ko'ina cikin Rasha: daga yankunan kudancin zuwa Arctic Circle, daga iyakar yamma zuwa Far East. Duk da haka, ana iya samar da tasirinsa a yankuna masu tasowa na ƙasa.

A halin da ake ciki, a yanayin daban-daban na yanayin yanayin yanayin da ake amfani da shi, ana amfani da siffofin halittu, amma ana samun sakamakon.

Abubuwan da ake bukata

• Ƙasa. Dankali yana jin dadi sosai, haske, yashi ƙasa mai arziki a humus, kuma, haka ma, wuraren budewa. Tsayar da magabata yana da tasirin gaske a kan amfanin gona: hatsi na hunturu da amfanin gona. A kasar gona yana daidai ketare kwari da pathogens, kazalika da wadatar da kayan abinci.
• Haske. Hasken haske yana da mahimmanci ga ci gaba na ci gaban shuka; dankali ya kamata a dasa shi a wuri mai kyau, wurare na rana. A kusa akwai itatuwan da ba a ke so da shrubs, kamar yadda a cikin inuwa su zai karu sosai.
• Humidity. Yanayin zafi suna da yawa, daya daji a kowace kakar yana kwashe 60 - 70 na ruwa. Mafi yawan danshi ana buƙata a lokacin budding dankali da kuma lokacin girma na tubers. Idan damshin bai isa ba a wannan lokaci, to, daidai ne, za a rage girbi.

Rashanci musamman

A Rasha, ba kamar wasu ƙasashe (inda dankali ke tsiro sosai), an dasa su a filayen da kuma cikin tuddai, a wurare daban-daban, a wurare daban-daban. Yana girma a cikin yankunan da tsawon hasken rana da kuma zafi, har ma da yanayin zafi (misali, a cikin Arewacin Caucasus). Saboda wannan ƙayyadadden abu, an tsara yawancin fasaha daban-daban don girma, tsaftacewa da adana wannan amfanin gona.

Sassan kayan lambu

Ina babban ɓangaren amfanin gona ya girma a Rasha?

Yawancin dankali suna girma a yankin Black Black da ke yankin Non-Chernozem. Ana samun sakamako mai kyau a cikin yankunan Voronezh, Kursk, Samara da Penza.

Ta yaya dankali ke girma a wasu yankuna?

Siberia

A Siberia, marigayi spring frosts sau da yawa faruwa, kuma a cikin kaka da zazzabi na iska farawa da wuri da wuri, a watan Yuli akwai zafi mai tsanani, kuma a watan Agusta akwai ruwan sama mai yawa da ruwa da ƙasa. Kasashen da ke arewacin ba su da kyau, amma a farkon shekarun da suka fara samuwa da suka iya samar da amfanin gona mai kyau sun bunkasa musamman ga Siberia (ga yadda za a sami girbin hatsi na farkon dankali a nan).

Cultivation hanyoyin

Shuka dankali a Siberia zai yiwu ne kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta yi nasara har zuwa digiri takwas Celsius (15 cm zurfi), ƙasa dole ne dole haske da sako-sako.

Muhimmanci! Dole ne ayi amfani da taki kawai a karkashin digging a cikin kaka, a cikin bazara ba za a iya yi ba, yayin da dankalin turawa ya mutu. Game da wata daya kafin dasa shuki ka buƙatar ka samo asali daga ginshiki zuwa germinate.

Akwai hanyoyi guda uku mafi girma na shuka shuki a Siberia:

1. Yanayi guda ɗaya - Yi salo mai kyau a nesa na kimanin 60 - 70 cm, dasa tubers 25 cm daga juna. A irin wannan yanayi mai kyau, mafi kyau mafi zurfin zurfin saukowa yana kimanin 7 cm.
2. Tafe - wannan hanya ana amfani dasu a kan sikelin masana'antu. Nisa tsakanin sassan biyu an bar 30 cm, sa'annan an sanya wadannan bayan bayan 110. Lokacin da aka raka bishiyoyi tare da tarakta, babu abin da ya lalace, an gyara wannan nisa.
3. Ridge - ana amfani da wannan zaɓin a cikin ƙasa "mai nauyi". Ka'idojin hanyar da aka rigaya, amma ya bambanta a tsawo na jere, kimanin 20 cm, yana ba ka damar girbi makonni 2 da suka gabata.

Bayan dasa, sai a ci gaba da ƙasa (litter ganye ko bambaro) a cikin wani Layer na kimanin 15 zuwa 30 cm.. Makonni biyu bayan fitowar harbe ya zama wajibi ne don aiwatar da matakan farko (game da lokacin da za a shayar da dankali, karanta a nan). Za'a buƙaci watering na biyu a lokacin da matashi na farawa sai ƙasa ta bushe game da 7 cm cikin zurfin.

Lokaci-lokaci, kasar gona tana sassauta zuwa oxygen zuwa tubers, akasin haka kana buƙatar yin hakan bayan kowace ruwan sama ko watering. Bayan fitowar tsire-tsire na spud, to, a karo na biyu an yi shi lokacin da tsawo na daji yana kusa da 15 - 17 cm.

Lokaci-lokaci kana buƙatar saka ciyawa daga ciyawa da ciyawa ko hay a cikin hanyadomin a Siberia har ma Yuni Yuni frosts yiwuwa. Da zarar dankalin turawa ya fara bushe, ci gaba da girbi. Na farko iri dake fara a tsakiyar watan Agusta.

Bayani game da sababbin hanyoyin da ba na gargajiya ba don dasa shuki dankali a kan mãkirci, zaka iya samun a nan.

Transbaikalia

Bambancin dankalin turawa da ke girma a wannan yanki shi ne cewa suna amfani da tsire-tsire a jikinta, ana binne tubers a cikin zurfi 10 cm. Hanyoyin Sinanci kuma suna da kyau a Transbaikalia, ainihin abin da yake cewa kamar yadda ciyayi ke tsiro, an zuba ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tushen (kar ka manta da takin).

Nizhny Novgorod yankin

A cikin yankin Nizhny Novgorod shine don amfani da iri iri don dasa shuki dankali, mafi yawan tubers.

Kada ka manta game da laka, hilling da weeding. Ba da dabara ba, ya fi kyau a yi wannan a watan Mayu, ya kamata a tuna da cewa ciyawa (a kusa da daji) yana da amfani ga ci gaban daji.

Yankin Moscow

Mafi yawan iri iri na dankali ga yankin Moscow shine farkon da farkon farkon iri, wadda za a iya dasa a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen spring frosts.

Bisa ga al'amuran mutane, wannan lokaci ya dace da furan tsuntsu. A wannan yanki, ƙasa mai laushi da yashi na da kyau ga dankali.

Hanyar saukowa an zaba a nan duk wani abu, amma mafi yawan dukkanin shahararren hanya. Har ila yau, kar ka manta game da takin mai magani.

Kammalawa

Tunawa, za mu iya amincewa da hakan dankalin turawa a Rasha yana da matukar nasara, da kuma a yankunan daban-daban, ba daidai ba ne da juna. Tare da hali don rage yankin don dasa, duk da haka, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya karu saboda fasaha mai kyau. Ma'aikata suna ƙoƙarin kokarin sababbin hanyoyi na girma dankali, gwaji da kuma cimma kyakkyawan sakamako.