House, Apartment

Garden da na cikin gida shuka - begonia tsirara: duk abin da kuke bukatar ka sani game da flower

Naked begonia shi ne mafi girman wakilin da irin. Kwayar ta dubi kyan gani a cikin gonar lambu, a cikin greenhouses da gonaki na hunturu, a cikin ofisoshin da mazaunin gida. Shuka shuka ta herbaceous kamar shuka ampelnoy.

Yaya wannan furen ya fi kama, wane nau'i na botanical yana da, da kuma inda kuma yadda za a dasa wannan shuka da kuma yadda za a bi bayansa bayan dasa shuki don ci gaba mai girma, za ku koyi daga wannan labarin. Har ila yau an bayyana dalla-dalla dalla-dalla game da hanyoyi na haifuwa da wannan al'adar ta da kyau da cututtuka na kowa.

Asalin da bayanin Botanical

Kasashen tsirara tsirara - watau tropics na tsakiya da kudancin Amirka. Yana tsiro ne akan bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da aka rufe a kan duwatsu. Wannan wakili na flora sau da yawa ya dace da yanayin yanayin hawan, an rarrabe shi ta hanyar unpretentiousness.

Tsawancin harbe ya kai 50 cm. Ganye yana da haske, baƙi, mai siffar mai. An shafe shi a saman, ya ja a gefuna. Ya bar girma a garesu biyu na tushe a cikin wannan jirgin.

Bayyanar da fasali

Naked begonia ne halin da creeping bare harbe.wanda aka sare a cikin wotsi. Ganyayyaki suna haske kore, yayi girma a kan kananan petioles (2 cm). Tsawon farantin takarda shine 9 cm, nisa - 7 cm Tsarin fasaha:

  • Ƙananan furanni a cikin fararen.
  • Fannun furanni suna da furanni 4, furen mata - 5.
  • Rushewar damuwa, yawancin-flowered, racemose.
  • M petioles.
  • Bare peduncle 8-10 cm tsawo.
Taimako! Fure masu furanni a begonias tsirara da yawa fiye da mata.

Tsuntsaye tsirara a begonia daga Janairu zuwa Afrilu.

Irin wannan shuka mai kyau kuma marar kyau shine kayan ado ne, mai tsauri, flowering ko daji. Yawancin nau'o'in iri da nau'o'in begonias suna amfani da su na yau da kullum don masu cin ganyayyaki, a gida da cikin gonar. Karanta game da irin waɗannan nau'in - Diadem, Sizolistnaya, Mix, Bauer ko Tiger, Collar, Coral, Fist, Mason, da kuma terry, tare da furanni rawaya ko haske ja ganye.

Inda kuma yadda za'a shuka?

Haske da wuri

Lokacin da aka horar da su a filin bude filin zaɓi wurare masu haske, da kariya daga kariya ta hanyar hasken rana.

Begonias suna nuna ƙyamar ƙanshin rana - ƙananan su suna ƙarƙashin ƙonawa.

A lokacin da girma begonias tsirara a matsayin houseplant a gida, windows inuwa daga UV kõguna.

Furen furanni suna jin dadi a kan sassan yamma da gabashin gabas, inda rana ba ta da haske kamar yadda yake a kan windows windows, amma fiye da arewa.

Bukatun shara

Begonias yana bukatar haske, ƙasa mai kyau. Shirye-shiryen da aka yi da kayan aiki suna samuwa don sayarwa wanda ya hada da perlite da peat. Zaka iya yin haɓakar ƙasa naka. Don yin wannan, haɗa:

  • yashi 1.5 part;
  • turf 1 part;
  • ƙasa ganye 2 sassa;
  • peat 0.5 sassa.

Matsayi na acidity ba shine fiye da 6pH ba.

Dokokin shimfiɗa

Ana sanya 'ya'yan Begonia a gonar gonar ba a farkon farkon Yuni ba.. Kafin dasa shuki a bude ƙasa (na kwanaki 6-7), an dasa kayan da aka kashe. Ana sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai haske, yana lura da yanayin zazzabi: a lokacin da ake digiri 23-27, da dare har zuwa digiri 15.

Saukowa Algorithm:

  1. Yi ramukan ga kowane shuka a intervals na 20-35 cm (bisa girman da seedling).
  2. Yi hankali don sanya bushes a cikin ramukan saukowa.
  3. Yayyafa tushen tushe da ƙasa.
  4. Top ash ciyawa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin dasa shuki, an bada shawarar yin amfani da potassium phosphate taki zuwa ƙasa.

Idan an dasa begonia a gida a cikin tukwane, to, ya kamata su kasance tare da ramuka. Kafin amfani da tanki an wanke shi, tare da potassium, wanda aka rushe da kuma bushe. Na gaba, yi abubuwan da ke biyowa:

  1. Ana shimfiɗa Layer mai laushi a kasa daga cikin tukunya: tubali mai fashe, yumbu mai fadada ko pebbles. Gilashi ya kamata ya zama na uku ko kwata na tukunya.
  2. Top zuba substrate.
  3. Sanya sapling kuma cika filin sarari tare da ƙasa.

Don begonias amfani da fadi, amma m tukwane.

Yadda ake kulawa?

Tsire-tsire ta ganye a gida yana ƙaunar daidaito. Kada a sake shirya abun ciki tare da furanni. Zai fi dacewa nan da nan ku gano wuri mai dadi. An yi amfani da daji sosai, an juya shi lokaci-lokaci.

Temperatuur da zafi

Begonias ji kyau a yanayin zafi daga + 18 zuwa 20 digiri. Summer da tsayayya da yanayin zafi mafi girma. A cikin hunturu, thermometer ya zama akalla +15 digiri.

Begonias bukatar kulawa da zafi sosai.. Suna sha ruwa kawai a kusa da flower, amma ba ganye. Zaka iya shigar da tire tare da tukunya a kan taya tare da masiyoyin rigar ko fadada yumbu.

A cikin hunturu, ana adana baturi masu zafi tare da tawul ɗin tawada. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen karuwa a cikin iska mai zafi.

Yaya za a ruwa?

Houseplants fi so auna watering. Dole ne ku mayar da hankali kan yanayin jihar Layer. Idan shrinks 15 cm, to, begonia na bukatar danshi.

Watering fasali:

  1. Moisten akalla sau 2 a mako a cikin lokaci na ci gaban aiki da kuma flowering.
  2. A cikin kaka, tsaka tsakanin watering ƙara.
  3. A cikin hunturu, an rage ruwan.

Ruwa don begonias ya kasance a dakin da zazzabi, mai tsabta da taushi.

Ba za a iya amfani da ruwa daga famfo ba. Wajibi ne don tace ko tafasa, kare don akalla wata rana.

Bayan ban ruwa, zai zama mai kyau don sassauta saman Layer na ƙasa da 1 cm lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe.

Da takin mai magani

Babely begonia a yayin da ake ci gaba yana ci sau biyu a wata tare da sodium humatetare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen. Yayinda suke ci gaba, ana amfani da takin mai magani na sau ɗaya a wata. Tun daga lokacin flowering, an hade al'adun tare da gauraye masu potassium-phosphorus. Wannan zai haifar da haɓaka a yawan buds kuma tsawanta flowering.

Ajiyar filin kula

  1. Begonia girma a kan gonar mãkirci an shayar da kai a kai a kai da kuma alheri, musamman a yanayin bushe.
  2. Yi karin ciyarwa, madadin ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.
  3. Suna yaki da weeds, sun yada ƙasa.
  4. Da farko na sanyi al'adun deciduous dig, sanya a tukunya da kuma kiyaye a cikin yanayi dakin.

Cututtuka na kowa da kwari

A sakamakon rashin ruwa mai yawa da iska mara kyau, rashin rashin ruwa a cikin begonias ya inganta cututtuka daban-daban:

  • Gishiri mai laushi. A cikin ganyayyaki, yawancin harbe suna bayyana launin fata tare da launin toka. Jiyya: magani da 1% bayani na Bordeaux cakuda.
  • Mealy dew. Takaddun faranti suna rufe farin. Jiyya: spraying fungicide.
  • Kuskuren kwayar cutar. A kan gefen takardar, an kafa ɗakunan ruwa. Ba a warke cutar ba. An lalata alamar da aka shafi.

A kan maygonias iya kai hari aphid, garkuwa-garkuwa ko gizo-gizo mite. Don magance kwari amfani da kwayoyi: Karbofos, Atellik, Derris, Decis.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Yana da sauƙi don yaduwa da begonia tare da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa ko cikin ruwa, kazalika da ganye. Yanke ita ce hanyar da ta fi dacewa don shuka sabon fure.

Sakamakon ayyuka:

  1. Yanke karfi mai karfi, lafiya daga 8 zuwa 12 cm.
  2. An raba shukin kashi zuwa sassa, idan kana buƙatar samun 'yan shuke-shuke. Kowane ɓangaren ya kamata yana da akalla 2-3 buds.
  3. Daga shoot, ganye, buds da furanni an cire. A saman barin 1 ko 2 ganye.
  4. Ana dasa kayan abu a cikin ruwa don rooting.

Ana sanya cuttings a cikin wuri mai kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye tare da tsarin zafin jiki na + digiri 20-22. Bayan bayyanar tushen 1-2 cm a tsawon, harbe ana shuka su ne a cikin wani musamman tattalin substrate.

Yawancin sabon begonias suna girma daga wani ganye.

  1. A cikin ƙananan mata na samo mafi yawan ganye. An yanke shi da ruwa ko wuka mai kaifi.
  2. A gefen kwance na takardar ya kasu kashi. A kowannensu dole ne a kalla daya gudana.
  3. Kogin yashi yana zuba a cikin akwati ko tukunya da shayarwa.
  4. Raguwa da zanen gado da aka shimfiɗa a kan yashi.
  5. Dama don dasa shuki kayan da aka rufe da polyethylene kuma a cikin wuri mai haske.
  6. Don haka kasar gona ba ta bushe ba, an yi amfani da shi a wani lokaci tare da kwalba mai laushi.
  7. An dasa shuki matashi a cikin tukwane bayan watanni 3.

Ana samun girma daga cikin tsaba.

Za a iya shuka kayan abu daya bayan daya. a cikin peat tablets.

Dokokin:

  1. An yi banki a karshen Fabrairu a cikin ƙasa mai shirya.
  2. Tsaba ba a rufe ƙasa ba.
  3. Daga sama ya halicci greenhouse: rufe tare da fim ko gilashi kuma saka a kan hasken taga sill.
  4. Land tare da seedlings lokaci-lokaci fesa.
  5. Lokacin da tsaba ke tsiro, an cire shafi don hardening na seedlings. Bayan lokaci, an cire greenhouse.
  6. Bayan bayyanar 2-3 matasa ganye, seedlings suna transplanted cikin babban akwati.
  7. Bayan watanni 2, begonias nutse cikin tukwane ko vases.
  8. A cikin bazara lokacin da aka dasa shuki babban kiji za a iya raba kashi biyu da sassa kuma a dasa shi a cikin tukwane.

Domin yarinyar begonia ya yi girma da kuma ingantawa, kana buƙatar bin dokoki masu sauƙi, samar da yanayi mai dadi don kiyayewa: kada ka sanya a ƙarƙashin rana mai ƙanshi da wuri mai duhu, dauki matakan magance cututtuka da kwari.