Features dasa shuki begonias a tukunya. Me ya sa yana da muhimmanci a zabi damar da ya dace?

Furen furanni da fure-fure masu launin launi na begonias suna iya faranta ido a duk shekara, domin wannan yana da muhimmanci don samar da yanayi mai dadi ga shuka. Daya daga cikin mahimman bayanai a cikin noma na begonias shine zabi na tukunya mai kyau da ƙasa a lokacin dasa. Wannan labarin zai gaya maka game da siffofin tushen tsarin begonia, kasar gona da ake buƙata don ci gabanta da flowering, dokokin shayarwa, tsarin shukawa da wace irin tukunyar da ake buƙata don flower da yadda za a karba shi.

Tushen tsarin tsarin

Dangane da nau'o'in begonias, tushen sa na iya samar da tubers, rhizomes, ko kuma sababbin tushen tsarin. A kowane hali, tushen ci gaban baya faruwa cikin zurfin ƙasa, amma a cikin launi, a cikin layi.

Tsarin tushen begonias yana da tausayi sosai, yana da rauni sosai, don haka dole ne ku yi hankali sosai a yayin da kuka canza. Yana da mahimmanci don hana haɗuwa da danshi a cikin matashi, saboda wannan yana haifar da lalacewar, wannan yana da haɗari sosai a cikin hunturu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na sama ya fi sauƙi (yadda za'a kiyaye begonia a cikin hunturu a gida?).

Wani ƙasa ake bukata?

Begonia yana dacewa da haske mai sauƙi da ƙananan acidity da kuma wadataccen kayan abinci. Ƙasa mai mahimmanci, mai dacewa da girma ga begonias, za'a iya saya a kusan kowane shagon shagon. Idan ana so, za'a iya yin adadi daidai, akwai wasu girke-girke:

1. yashi, turf ƙasa da ganye ƙasa a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 2 (wannan abun da ke ciki ya dace da tuberous begonia);
2. ɓangare na turf land da 2 sassa na peat, humus da landy land (wani zaɓi, mafi dace da bukatun na sarauta begonia);
3. 1 part na yashi, humus da peat da kuma 2 sassa na groundy ground (substrate ga royal begonia).

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan an haɓaka ta da hannu, dole ne a haifuwa kafin dasa. Wannan zai taimaka kauce wa shan kashi na pathogens.

Watering dokoki

Watering begonias yana buƙata a gyara daidai da lokacin shekara (yadda za a yi girma sosai, da ruwa da kuma kulawa da begonia domin ya yi tsawon rai, karanta a nan). Amfani da shawarwari. A cikin bazara, lokacin rani da farkon fall, injin yana buƙatar mai tsanani sau 2-3 a mako, fara daga Oktoba Nuwamba ya kamata a rage shi sau 2-3 a wata.

Ya kamata ruwa ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki, da kyau. (akalla a lokacin rana), ba tare da tsabta ba. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da cewa tare da yalwacin ruwa ba zai tara a cikin kwanon rufi ba.

Duk da cewa shuka yana buƙatar matsanancin zafi (60-80%), ba'a bada shawara don yadawa da kuma wanke ganye, saboda wannan yana haifar da ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka, irin su powdery mildew.

Don ƙara yawan zafi na iska ya fi dacewa don amfani da na'urori na musamman.Har ila yau saboda wannan dalili ana iya sanya tukunya tare da begonia a cikin tire tare da tsararru mai guba kuma ƙara ruwa kamar yadda ya kwashe.

Wace tukunya ake bukata?

Lokacin dasa shuki begonias, za a ba da fifiko a cikin tukunyar kwaskwarima masu tsayi, diamita wanda ya wuce tsawo daga akalla sita daya. Wannan yanayin yana hade da yanayin da aka samu na tushen tsarin, wanda ya fi son ci gaba a cikin girman. Wannan nau'i na tukunya za ta kuma ba da damar ƙwalƙashin sutura ya kasance da kyau kuma ya samar da tushen tare da isasshen oxygen.

Zaɓi girman girman

A cikin abin da tukunya ke shuka shuka? Akwati na farko ga wani yarinya begonia girma daga rabi ko ganye kada ya wuce 5-6 cm a diamita A kimanin rabin shekara, lokacin da tsire-tsire ta samo asali, za'a iya dasa shi a cikin tukunya mai fadi da kimanin kimanin 10-12 cm. (amma a kalla sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3), tare da kowane ƙarfin haɓaka zai zama kashi uku bisa na baya.

Tank shiri

Da farko, dole ne a wanke tukunya da wankewa, saboda wannan dalili, za'a iya amfani da wani bayani na potassium permanganate, wannan magani yana tabbatar da rashin pathogens kuma zai adana begonia daga cututtuka a nan gaba.

Don kula da matakin da ake buƙata na danshi, Yana da kyawawa cewa za'a sami ramuka masu yawa a cikin tukunya, kawai kar ka manta game da layin malalewa, wanda dole ne ya cika aƙalla kwata na cikin tukunya.

Yadda za a shuka shuka?

Ko da kuwa ko tambaya ce game da shuka na farko na wani ƙwayar matashi ko kuma an tsara dashi wanda ya riga ya girma, yana da muhimmanci a kula da bin wasu dokoki:

1. Sanya layin malalewa (alal misali, yalwata yumbu) a cikin akwati da aka shirya don dasa.

   1-2 cm na gawayi za a iya sanya a saman layin malalewa, wanda zai samar da ƙarin kariya ga asalinsu akan matsin ruwa.

2. Gaba, zuba ƙananan adadin ƙwayar (adadin yana ƙayyadadden ƙaddamar yawan ƙarfin tanki da girman girman shuka).
3. Yi amfani da hankali don cire begonia daga tukunya na farko. Idan yana da sauƙin cire furen, ba ya aiki, don kada yayi lalata harbe da asalinsu, zaka iya sanya tukunya a cikin akwati da ruwan zafi mai dadi na dan lokaci. Bayan minti 15-20, gurasar za ta sha ruwa kuma zai zama sauƙin sauƙin begonia daga tukunya.
4. Ƙoƙarin kada a lalata tushen, cire nauyin tsofaffin tsofaffin ƙwayoyi kuma sanya begonia a cikin tsakiyar tukunya.
5. Rufe fure a cikin da'irar tare da ƙasa, ba priminaya kuma ba tamping, har zuwa saman gefen tukunya ya kasance kusan 1 cm.
6. Bugawa a sarari. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara karamin adadin substrate, tun a sakamakon sakamako zai iya nutsewa.

Hankali! Don mayar da tsarin tushen lalacewa da kuma saurin aiwatar da tsire-tsire na shuka bayan dasa shuki, zaka iya shayar da shi tare da bayani daga tushe ko acid succinic. Fertilizing a farkon watanni bayan dasawa ba da shawarar.

Ƙarin bayani game da yadda za a ciyar da begonia, za ka iya samun a nan.

Muna kiran ku ku duba bidiyon akan yadda za a dashi begonia:

Hotuna na furen ciki

Sa'an nan kuma za ka ga abin da begonia yake kama da tukunya a cikin hoto.

Me ya sa yake da muhimmanci a zabi damar da ya dace don saukowa?

• Girma. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, babban tukunya mai yawa zaiyi cutar da furen, tun da tushen tsarin bazai da lokaci zuwa sha ruwa, wanda babu shakka zai haifar da farfadowa da maɓalli da bayyanar cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan an zaɓi girman daidai, a yanzu a cikin watanni 3 na begonia zai iya daidaitawa da fara farawa.
• Abu. Gilashin tukwane suna yawanci kwantena tare da farashin ƙananan, amma suna taimakawa wajen tasirin greenhouse, wanda zai haifar da overheating daga tushen tsarin. Wannan yana da hatsarin gaske a lokacin rani. Har ila yau, ba kamar yumburan ba, suna cire danshi mafi tsanani kuma zasu iya taimakawa wajen tarawa a cikin ƙasa.
• Form. Abubuwa mai zurfi don begonias ba su dace ba, kamar yadda tushen tsarin shuka yayi kokarin kara yawan adadin da aka ba shi. Da yake la'akari da yanayin da aka samu na tushen ci gaba, wanda ya fi son yin fashe kai tsaye a ƙasa, girman girma zai zurfafa makamashin daga begonia, wanda zai haifar da raguwa a ci gaban sashi na iska kuma zai zama abin hana ga flowering.

Tsuntsar dasa shuki mai kyau, daɗaɗɗun tukunya da ƙura - da tabbacin cewa ya samu nasarar kafa ta kuma a cikin 'yan watanni zai faranta wa mai shi da furanni masu kyau.