Rahotan farin shanu

Kusan dukkan shanu masu launin haske suna bambanta ta girman girman su da karbar kimar da aka samu a yayin girma. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da alamun samar da madara mai kyau.

Auliekol

Tarihin inura: A shekarar 1962, a Kazakhstan, masu shayarwa sun yanke shawarar samar da shanu na naman sa, ba abin da ya fi dacewa da bukatun ka'idojin duniya na nama da yawan aiki. Don yin wannan, sun gudanar da jerin giciye na mutanen da ke cikin wadannan nau'o'in:

Kazakh fari-shugabanci,
Charolais,
angeur

A sakamakon haka, a shekara ta 1992, an yarda da irin wannan nau'in auliekol, kuma a shekarar 2016 akwai dabbobi fiye da dubu 10.

Shin kuna sani? Bisa ga ka'idodin Hindu, lokacin da ruwan sama ya sauko daga sararin sama, an zubar da madarar wani maraƙi na sama.

Bayyanar: Auliekol shanu sun haɗa halayen uku asali asali:

launin fataken launin fata - daga Charolais;
nama mai mahimmanci mai kyau da gajeren lokaci na haihuwa (watanni 12-14) - daga Angus irin;
jimiri da adawa ga yanayin - daga Kazakh da fararen fata.

External halaye na bijimai da mata na auliekol irin:

muscular da jiki massive;
kasusuwa mai karfi;
kirji girth - 2 m 44 cm;
babban kai a wuyan wuyansa;
tsawo a withers: ga maza - 141 cm, ga mata - 130 cm;
takalma biyar-fata (a wasu nau'in - 3-Layer);
Kwanƙwasawa da gajeren launin launin toka mai launin launin toka, da bijimai za su ci gaba a kan goshinsa;
Nauyin jiki na sa - fiye da 1 ton, calves - har zuwa 950 kg;
rawanin dabbobi (70%).

M halaye: Auliekol shanu suna da yawan yawan aiki, madara suna sananne ne saboda dandano mai kyau:

Shawa a lokacin lactation - har zuwa 25 kg / rana.
Milk mai - 3,8-4%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 1095 g / rana.
Naman bayan kisan - 305 kg (60-63%).

Shin kuna sani? A cikin nahiyar Turai, dabbobin, ciki har da saniya, za a iya biyan su zuwa cikakkiyar doka. Har ma an kore su ne a matsayin azabar babbar azaba.

Aquitaine fararen

Tarihin inura: Irin wannan shanu maras nama, bred a 1962 da masana kimiyyar Faransanci a Aquitaine (kudu maso yammacin Faransa) saboda zabin ta amfani da rassa uku:

Persean,
Goransky,
Pyrenean.

Bayyanar Shanu Aquitan:

yanayin - kwanciyar hankali;
launi farar fata-fawn ko haske mai launin ruwan kasa;
wani dogon lokaci, ƙwanƙwasa jiki tare da tsokoki mai ƙididdiga kuma tare da ƙananan kudaden ajiya;
kirji, baya yana da layi madaidaiciya;
Ƙarƙashin wuyansa yana da ƙwayar fata;
m da kuma na fata fata;
dogon lokaci kuma mai fadi, ƙuƙwalwar ƙura;
tsawo a withers - 140 cm;
Hasken haske da goshin goshi;
Nauyin: namiji - 1 t 500 kg, mata - fiye da 800 kg.

M halaye: Ana kiyasta shanu mai yayinda ake yin gyaran marigayi, don haka suna da kyakkyawan halayen halayya da aikin:

Shafuka don shekara - Kg dubu 11.
Milk mai - 5,1%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 1400-1500 g / rana.
Naman bayan kisan - 69%.

Charolais

Tarihin inura: Shanuwan Charolais suna da tarihin shekaru 200 - tun farkon karni na 18, 'yan shayarwa Faransa sun so su haifar da mutane tare da karuwar yawan jiki da precocity. A saboda haka sun yi amfani da wadannan nau'o'in:

shanu daga yankin Faransa na Charolais,
Simental maza,
Kakakin gajere.

A yau shi ne daya daga cikin wadanda aka fi so, ba kawai a Faransa ba, har ma da iyakar iyakarta.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ma'aikatan Charolais suna buƙatar girma na abinci, don haka masu kiwon garken suna nuna kyakkyawar dacewar ciyar da su.

Bayyanar Shanu na Charolais:

launi: a cikin ƙananan - duhu launin toka, a cikin kajin - farin ko launin toka, calves - snow snow;
Nau'in jiki: babba, ƙwayoyin murƙushe, tare da karamin launi na mai;
Tsawon jiki - 2.2 m;
Koma baya;
kirji mai ƙarfi, 1.9 m a girth;
tsawo a withers - 163-165 cm (maza), mata - 130-155 cm;
maza maza da mata kimanin 1 t 500, mata - 1 t 100 kg;
horns da hooves - launi mai launi.

M halaye: saboda mummunan rigakafi, charolais sapholes suna fama da cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka, don haka suna da ci gaba da rayuwa da kyawawan halaye:

Shafuka don shekara - 2700-3900 kg (kusan gaba daya amfani da ciyar da calves).
Milk mai madara - 4,1%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 1200 g / rana
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - fiye da 60%.

Blue Cow Blue

Tarihin inura: A ƙarshen karni na 19, masu shayarwa na Belgium sunyi ƙoƙari don inganta yawan naman da kuma samar da ƙwayar kiwo na dabbobin gida, ta yin amfani da mawallafi daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in:

Shorthorn,
wasu nama na Faransanci.

Tare da taimakon zaɓin zaɓi, an haifi dabbobi masu yawa tare da jiki mara kyau. Bayan haka, a tsakiyar karni na ashirin, masu shayarwa sun katange kwayar halittar da ke haifar da ciwon tsoka, da kuma karfafa alamun naman alade, godiya ga wadanda mutane na yau suke cike da tsokoki.

Karanta game da siffofin kiwo na ƙwararriya ta Belgium.

Bayyanar: Harsunan shanu na Belgium suna da wadannan halaye na jiki:

yanayin kwanciyar hankali da daidaito;
mai karfi, jikin jikin tsohuwar jiki tare da tayayye kuma ya furta tsokoki na gindi, kafadu, wuyansa da kagu;
madaidaicin baya;
m fata;
Mafi gashin gashi yana da haske, mai launin launin toka, dusar ƙanƙara, wani lokacin baki-m;
karfi, madaidaiciya, ƙananan kafafu;
tsawo a bushe: namiji - 150 cm, mace - 140 cm;
dabbobi masu haushi;
Nauyin: bijimai - daga 1 t 100 kg zuwa 1 t 250 kg, shanu - 850-900 kg.

Shin kuna sani? Masana kimiyya, bayan sun lura da shanu, suka yanke shawarar cewa shanun suna da hankalinsu sosai na filin filin filin duniya: kasancewa a kan makiyaya, sun kasance tare da jagorancin sifofi.

M halaye: godiya ga wani nau'i na musamman a cikin mutanen Belgium, ƙwayar tsohuwar ƙwayar ƙaruwa a duk rayuwarsu. Ayyukansu:

Milk yawa a kowace shekara - har zuwa 4 ton 500 lita.
Milk mai - 3-4%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 1400-1500 g / rana.
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - 67-80%.

Kostroma irin na shanu

Tarihin inura: Kostroma irin ya bayyana a cikin karni na XIX a yankin Kostroma. An yi amfani da masana'antun nan masu zuwa a zabin:

Kholmogorsky
Wilstermarch,
Daidai,
Ayrshire
brown shvitsky.

An gudanar da aiki na musamman har zuwa farkon shekarun 1940, sakamakon haka shine iri iri-iri.

Yi ado da irin wannan nama (Highland, Kalmyk, Aberdeen-Angus) da kuma nama da kiwo na shanu (Shorthorn, Simmental).

Bayyanar: Kostroma shanu suna da halaye masu zuwa:

launi - launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa, a kan ridge - rawaya mai rawaya;
dabbobi suna da manyan, tare da jiki mai karfi da haɗuwa da juna;
kai elongated;
wuya, lokacin farin ciki fata;
kirji ya ci gaba;
layin layi da fadi da baya;
Maƙararru sun tashi.
dogon, ƙarar mahaifa;
low kafafu;
Nauyin awo na kilo 850-1200, shanu - 500-650 kg.

M halaye: Kostroma irin na da karfi da tsari, dabbobi suna iya samun nauyi da kuma samar da isasshen yawan madara. Alamar:

Milk yawa a kowace shekara - daga 3900 zuwa 5500-6500 l.
Milk mai - 3-4,19%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - fiye da 1250 g / rana.
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - 82%.

Yana da muhimmanci! A yayin da kake ajiye shanu da yawa, kana bukatar ka la'akari da girman girman dakin: wuri mai mahimmanci ga mahaifi da ɗan maraƙi shine dakin 18-20 square meters. m, wanda har yanzu ya dace da kaya tare da abinci.

Jersey haske

Tarihin inura: Wannan tsohuwar kiwo ne, wanda ake kira bayan tsibirin Jersey a cikin Turanci Channel. Babu cikakkiyar bayani game da asalin. A tsakiyar karni na XIX. an gabatar da littafi na kabilanci wanda ya kwatanta halaye na yawan aiki, bayan haka an gabatar da shi ga al'umman gona. A yau, shanu mai haske na Jersey suna da yawa a cikin Arewacin Amirka, Afirka da New Zealand. Bayyanar: Dabbobin Jersey kamar haka:

dogon lokaci;
sake dawowa;
ƙananan shugaban tare da ɗan gajeren fuska fuska da bayanin martaba;
na bakin ciki rubutun wuyansa;
zurfi da kuma kunkuntar kirji;
Kirup da aka dasa ba daidai ba tare da tushe mai tasowa na wutsiya;
babban magoya mai tasowa;
haske mai launin ruwan kasa ko launi mai launi;
a cikin shanu: kafafu da wuyansa duhu, baya tare da takalma na baki;
Nauyin nauyi: 600-750 kg na sa, 400-450 kg na saniya;
tsawo a withers - 120 cm.

M halaye: Jersey samar da samar da madara mai kyau, samfurin yana da kyau, yana da ƙanshi da dandano. Wasu fasali:

Milk yawa a kowace shekara - a lokacin lactation daga 4000 zuwa 11000 l.
Milk mai - 4,5-5%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 600 g / rana.
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - 40%. Raba ga nama ba kusan amfani da shi ba.

Yana da muhimmanci! A cewar manoma, a cikin wata maraya mai girma, mai yalwatawa ya kamata ya kara zuwa baya. Idan siffar jiki kamar sa - kada ku jira babban yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Kazakh fararen nau'in shanu

Tarihin inura: Karamar kauyen da aka yi da fari a cikin shekarun 1930 ne suka fito daga yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Kazakhstan. Don amfanin kiwo an yi amfani da irin:

Hereford
Kazakh na gida,
Kalmyk.

A sakamakon haka, shanun da ke da farin fararen Kazakh sun haɗu da halayen naman alakar da aka yi a cikin herefords tare da ƙarfin hali da kuma daidaitawa na shanu. Bayyanar: Kazakh farin farin ciki namiji kamar wannan:

launin jiki - ja, tare da farin kai, dewlap, ƙananan ɓangaren ciki, kafafu da kuma goga goge;
ganga jiki;
Mugaye masu tasowa;
karfi kwarangwal;
ci gaba da musculature;
low, kafafu kafafu;
takalma mai laushi yana da nama mai laushi;
m da gajeren gashi a lokacin rani; lokacin farin ciki da kuma tsawo, wani lokacin maimaita - a cikin hunturu;
tsawo a withers - 125-130 cm;
ƴan inji - 45 cm;
Tsawon tsayinsa tare da raga - 155 cm;
kirji girth - 190 cm;
live nauyi: bijimai - 950 kg, shanu - 550-580 kg.

M halaye: Kazakh shanu da aka yi da fari suna cikin jagoran naman kuma suna da alamomi masu zuwa:

Milk yawa a kowace shekara - a lokacin lactation daga 1000 zuwa 1500 l.
Milk mai - 3,8-4%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 800 g / rana.
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - 53-65%.

Bincike abin da yake da kyau irin na Kazakh sharar da shanu.

Ayrshire fari da launin ruwan kasa

Tarihin ƙira Yaron ya fara ne a rabi na biyu na karni na 18. A cikin yankin Ayshirsky na Kudu maso yammacin Scotland saboda tsarinsa ya yi amfani da wasu daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in:

black da farin shanu
Tisvaterskoy,
Dutch
Shorthorn,
Hyland
Devonian
Hereford.

A cikin karni na XIX, jinsi na da launi mai launin launin ruwan kasa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ga shanu Ayshir, yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi yana da mahimmanci, tun da ba su yarda da yawan zafin jiki na iska ba: sun rasa kayan aiki kuma sun zama m.

Bayyanar: Akan Ayrshire dai yana da siffofi masu zuwa:

jiki mai haske da gajeren jiki tare da layi mai laushi;
kananan shugaban tare da manyan horns;
gajere gashi;
launi - fari tare da ceri-ja stains;
fadi mai zurfi da zurfi;
nono ya aika a gaba, babban;
tsawo a withers - 130 cm;
Nauyin: bijimai - daga 700 zuwa 1000 kg, shanu - 450-500 kg.

M halaye: Dabbobin Ayshir suna cikin jagorancin kiwo kuma suna da halaye masu zuwa:

Milk yawa a kowace shekara - a lokacin lactation daga 4500 l.
Milk mai - 4%.
The earliness na nauyi riba - 800 g / rana.
Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa - 50-55%.

Bincika mafi kyau na shayar da shanu da nama.

Sunan martaba don wani farin saniya

Tun da masu son dabbobi suna son su ba da sunayen dabbobi, za ku iya sha'awar jerin sunayen sunayen lakabi don alamar kwando:

Squirrel.
Whitebird.
Belyashik (don goby).
Bella
Snow White.
Dawn.
Zimka.
Snowball
Snezhanka.
Snezha.
Snowball (na namiji).
Snowflake.
Manochka.
Milka

Saboda haka, a cikin babban abu, shanu masu launin launin shanu ne na irin naman sa, yana da wuyar gaske da kuma rashin kula da yanayin waje. Kuma wasu nau'o'in naman magungunan har ma suna da kyakkyawan alama na milkiness.