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Tsire-tsire na cikin gida

Shuka furanni a cikin tukunya

Tsarin gida a waje da kuma cikin halaye na halitta zasu iya bambanta da yawa daga juna, amma ka'idojin dasa su sun kasance daidai. Hanyar da aka yi daidai ba wai kawai don ƙara yawan yawan tsire-tsire ba, amma kuma yana kare su daga ci gaba da cututtuka, kuma yana kara tsawon rayuwarsu. Abin da furen gida ke da kyau don ɗauka don ciki da yadda za a shuka su daidai, karanta a ƙasa.

Ka'idoji na asali don dasa shuki na cikin gida

Babban mulkin ya shafi ingancin disinfection mai kyau:

  • ƙasa;
  • saukowa;
  • shuka asali ko tsaba.
Ya kamata a dasa shuki bisa ga tsarin kwayoyin halittu. Mafi sau da yawa, lokaci mai kyau na hanya zai kasance a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da furanni sukan fara barin hutawa. Wannan ya shafi duka biyu don dasa shuki da kuma shuka tsaba. Don shayarwa, cututtuka na 7-10 cm a tsawo tare da wasu maki na girma sun dace. Zai fi kyau saya tsaba da aka shafe: irin wannan kayan shuka yana bi da tare da cututtukan cututtuka da kuma ci gaban haɓaka, wanda ya rage lokacin yin shiri na preplant.

Shin kuna sani? Mafi mahimmanci mai tsabtace iska shine aloe. Gidan yana samar da isasshen oxygen da dare, yana shafe carbon dioxide, wanda zai taimaka wajen inganta zaman lafiyar mazaunan gidan bayan barci.

Yadda za a dasa furanni a cikin tukunya

Kafin ka dasa shuki na gida, kana bukatar ka fahimtar kanka da ka'idodin ka'idojin zaɓin tafki, shirya kayan ƙasa, da kuma shirya yanayin microclimatic.

Bayan samun ciwon lafiya ko rabuwa da yara, kana buƙatar shirya bath a cikin sa'o'i biyu a cikin mafita na Fitosporin (10 g / 5 l na ruwa). Ana dasa ta Cacti kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, kuma an sanya cuttings cikin ruwa kuma suna jira gawarwar tushen tsarin.

Wace tukwane ne mafi kyau shuka

Lokacin da dasa shuki a wuri na farko kana buƙatar samun damar dacewa. Duk da irin nau'in shuka, sabon tukunya ya kamata ya kasance 2 cm mafi girma fiye da na baya a tsawo da diamita.Da wajibi ne a mayar da hankalin girman girman tushen tsarin: nesa na 2-3 cm ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga tushe zuwa ga bango da kasa na tukunya. da ƙasa, da kuma da yawa, za su sake tura dukkanin dakarun don yada tushen asarar ƙasa da kuma bunkasa harsashin kore. Dukansu a farkon da kuma na biyu yanayin harka yana da wuya a jira. Don matasa saplings, kananan kwantena tare da tsawo na 5-10 cm kuma diamita na 5 cm dace. Don shuka tsaba, ya fi kyau a dauki babban oblong kwantena 10 cm high da 15 zuwa 30 cm tsawo.

Kayan abin da akwati ya sanya dole ne kare tushen tsarin da kyau, zama filastik, don yarda izinin cire furen kyauta. Mafi kyawun kwantena da aka yi da filastik. Gurasar da ke cikin kwalliya suna da kyau, amma a lokacin rani sun yi sama da yawa a cikin hunturu. Game da nauyin da ake buƙatar mayar da hankali ga wurin namo:

  • don bude shimfidawa da baranda yana da kyau a dauki tukwane.
  • don gida / gida yana da kyau don ba da fifiko ga tukwane da kwantena.
Ya kamata a sami raƙuman ramuka mai zurfi a cikin ƙasa na tukunya - wannan zai ba da izinin zurfin haɗari mai yalwa da kare tushen tsarin daga rotting. Bugu da ƙari, ramukan ramuka suna samar da iska zuwa ga asalinsu, wanda yake da mahimmanci a cikin yanayin ƙuntataccen ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Abubuwan kwance masu kwakwalwa kawai suna dacewa da epiphytes: in ba haka ba tushen tsarin ba zai iya shiga cikin tsarin photosynthesis ba, kuma shuka zai mutu.

Shirya shiri

Ƙasa don shuke-shuke ya zama:

  • abinci mai gina jiki;
  • Maganin numfashi;
  • sako;
  • danshi

Abu mafi sauki shine saya ƙasa mai dacewa, wanda ya dace da irin nau'in shuka, a cikin shagon. Lokacin da ake shirya ƙasa da kanka, ya kamata ka la'akari da irin tsire-tsire da yanayin yanayin ci gaban su. Epiphytes na buƙatar substrates wanda ya hada da yafi da bishiyoyi tare da kara da gawayi da spossoms. Ga dukkan sauran kasa mafi sau da yawa sukan kasance daga:

  • ƙasa-sod-ƙasa - ana iya ɗauka a cikin gandun daji na kusa;
  • peat;
  • sand mai yawa.
Waɗannan su ne manyan abubuwa uku da aka haxa a cikin rabo 1: 1: 1. Zaka iya ƙara 5-10% zuwa gare su:

  • perlite;
  • vermiculite;
  • spossu ganga;
  • itace ash;
  • crushed kumfa.

Zaka iya hada dukkan waɗannan abubuwa ko zaɓi ɗaya daga cikinsu.

Bidiyo: Yadda za a zaɓa na farko don furanni na cikin gida Cutar da ƙasa a hanyoyi da yawa:

  1. Don ƙone a cikin tanda a zafin jiki na + 100 ° C.
  2. Cire zafi bayani na ash. An kara gilashin ash 400 a lita 10 na ruwa, Boiled na mintina 15, zuba zafi a cikin ƙasa da gauraye.
  3. Fita bayani mai zafi "Furatsilina" - saka 1 kwamfutar hannu ta 100 ml na ruwan zãfi. Ana iya sarrafa wannan abun da ke ciki da tukunya.
  4. Yi amfani da bayani mai zafi na potassium permanganate - 1 g na abu an dauka na 1 l na ruwan zãfi.
  5. Don takin kasar gona tare da "Fitosporin" - 5 g na foda an narkar da shi a cikin 10 na ruwa, watering kasar gona ne da za'ayi a mako kafin dasa.

Gudun ƙasa kafin dasa ya kamata a cikin kewayon 50-60%. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, to, bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a shayar da ruwa mai tsabta, yawan zafin jiki wanda shine + 30 ° C.

Tabbatar da yanayi mafi kyau

Mafi kyawun microclimate yana da matukar muhimmanci ga shuke-shuke bayan dasawa. Suna buƙatar daidaitawa da sabuwar ƙasa, da rage yawan zazzabi, tare da rashin zafi, ba zai iya haifar da lalacewa da ci gaban cututtukan fungal.

Zazzabi

A ganiya zafin jiki na kowane furanni daga +18 zuwa + 25 ° C. Idan an shirya shi don shuka tsaba, to, mai nuna alama mafi kyau zai bambanta a cikin + 25 ... + 30 ° C.

Shin kuna sani? Tushen ficus daji na iya kai tsawon 90 m. An samo asali mafi tsawo a cikin wakilin Afrika ta kudu - har zuwa 120 m cikin zurfin.

Humidity

A lokacin dasa, yanayin iska ya bambanta tsakanin 75%.

Haskewa

Bayan dasawa, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar haske da haske da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Rana mai haske mafi kyau ga tsire-tsire na gida shine 10-14 hours, dangane da asalin su. Idan an yi shuka, to, hasken wutar lantarki ba dole bane.

Dasa tsire-tsire

Babban matakai na dasa shuki cuttings:

  1. Yi aiki da tushen kayan dasa kayan da aka samo tare da cakuda "Fundazol" da itace ash (1: 1).
  2. A kasan tukunya, sanya Layer na yumbu mai fadada (1 cm).
  3. Rasa ƙasa mai gina jiki a saman rami, cika kashi ɗaya na uku na tukunya tare da shi.
  4. A cikin ɓangaren tsakiya suna samar da ƙananan rufi da kuma sanya a kan tushen tushen tsarin seedling.
  5. Yayyafa voids tare da ƙasa, yayin da aligning da shuka a tushen wuyansa. Ƙasa ya kamata ya rufe tushen kanta da nesa na kimanin 0.5-1 cm sama da shi.
  6. Ka rufe ƙasa da haske, sanya tukunya a cikin wani shaded wuri da kuma rufe shi da wani m tafiya da za a iya yi daga kwalba filastik. Dole ne a cire murfi na wuyansa don tabbatar da cewa sashin ƙasa na tashar iska.
  7. Bayan mako guda, cire kafar kuma motsa shuka zuwa wuri na dindindin.

A lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba, yi da wadannan:

  1. Shirya tanki, sanya layin malalewa.
  2. Sa'an nan kuma cika dukkanin akwati da ƙasa kuma yada tsaba a farfajiyar nesa da 5 cm daga juna.
  3. Bayan wannan, dasa kayan da aka rufe tare da Layer (1 cm) na ƙasa ko yashi.
  4. Gilashin tukunya an rufe shi da wani fim na gaskiya ko polyethylene.
  5. An ajiye akwati a cikin daki mai haske ko haskakawa kuma yana jiran tsirrai iri.
  6. Kafin a shuka, ana shuka su a cikin minti 15 da kuma, idan ya cancanta, su wanke kasar gona tare da kwalba.
  7. Bayan fitowar sun fara, ana bukatar cirewa da kuma shigar da shi a wuri mai haske.
  8. Suna fara dasawa cikin kwantena ɗaya tare da bayyanar zanen ganyayyaki 3-4 da kuma lokacin da sprouts ya isa tsawo na 7-10 cm.

Yana da muhimmanci! A kan germination na tsaba daban-daban na shuke-shuke na iya daukar daga 7 days zuwa 1.5-2 watanni.

Kula da tsire-tsire na cikin gida

Bayan dasa, ya zama dole don samar da tsire-tsire tare da kulawa mafi kyau. Yawancin lokaci ba ƙananan matsaloli ba ne kuma yana nufin:

  • da gabatar da kayan ado kamar yadda matakan girma da kuma irin tsire-tsire;
  • ƙasa danshi;
  • dace dashi;
  • sanarwa da kuma tsabta.

Taki

An gabatar dakin gyare-gyare a sama a duk tsawon lokacin aikin ciyayi, farawa daga fita daga wurin hutu. Lokacin da aka dasa shuki yana nuna jagorancin na farko bayan ya fito da sabon zanen gado. Tsire-tsire da aka samo daga tsaba, wanda aka samo shi a karo na farko bayan bayanan bidiyo 2 (ba cotyledonous).

Familiarize tare da ma'anar 11 don saman riguna na shuke-shuke.

Da farko, an yi amfani da tsire-tsire tare da siffofi da suka hada da ci gaban haɓakawa - alal misali, Epin: 2-3 sauke daga miyagun ƙwayoyi ta 1 l na ruwa ya isa. An magance matsalar a gefen ɓangaren tsire-tsire da ƙasa. Samun miyagun ƙwayoyi ta jiki ta jiki yana ɗaukan kwanaki 2-3. Zai zama tasiri ba kawai a mataki na farko na ci gaba ba, amma har a cikin yanayin da tsire-tsire suka fuskanci danniya (daskarewa, kunar rana a jiki, jiyya na cututtuka na tushen tsarin, da sauransu). Zaka iya yin magani a kowace kwanaki 10-14.

A nan gaba, yana da kyau a yi amfani da samfurori da aka dace musamman don tsire-tsire. Da farko, an rage sashi na rabi daga abin da aka nuna a cikin umarnin, duk lokacin da ya karu da hankali don kada ya ƙone tushen.

Fidio: Moriya mai kyau don furanni na cikin gida Daga kwayoyin halitta, duniya ash itace itace ash - ba wai kawai wadatar da ƙasa tare da na gina jiki, amma kuma hidima a matsayin mai kyau tsaro a kan ci gaba da cututtuka na fungal da kuma yada kwari. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin foda, foda ƙasa, ko a cikin bayani (400 g / 10 l na ruwa). Za a iya warware matsalar a gefen ƙasa na shuke-shuke da kuma ban ruwa.

Watering

Ana yin watsi da kowane wakili na flora bayan ya bushe saman saman ƙasa. Abinda kawai ya kasance sun kasance masu tsayayya da cacti - ana iya shayar da su ko da a cikin zafi sau ɗaya a wata.

Watering za a iya aiwatar da shi ta hanyar gabatar da ruwan da ke gefen gefen tukunya domin ruwa baya fada a kan tsire-tsire, ko kuma zuba shi a cikin kwanon rufi. Idan an gabatar da danshi ta cikin kwanon rufi, to, bayan minti 15, dole a cika ruwan da ya wuce ruwa. Dole ne a yadad da samfurori masu auna a cikin lokacin rani a kowane 2-3 days. Bayan manipulation ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa danshi ba zai shiga cikin shafuka ba, in ba haka ba hadarin ƙwayar leaf rot.

Ruwan ruwa don ban ruwa da spraying ya dace da zafin jiki na yanayi.

Pruning

Pruning ya kamata a farkon spring. Ana sanya samfurori tare da tsalle-tsire-tsire-tsire a cikin ƙumshi biyu, suna tayi girma a cikin shekara ta farko. Har ila yau, ya zo na gaba shekara, tada maki na ci gaba a kan 2 kafa harbe.

Har ila yau, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar tsabtace tsabta, wanda aka yi kamar yadda ake bukata a kowane lokaci na shekara. Yana nufin cirewa daga:

  • flowered buds;
  • karin harbe;
  • dried ko mechanically lalace harbe;
  • matattu ganye;
  • rassan da za a sake haifuwa (cacti, masu maye, epiphytes).
Duk gyaran dole ne a yi tare da safofin hannu ta yin amfani da kayan tsabta mai tsabta. Don yankan zaka iya amfani da aljihun kaifi mai mahimmanci ko mai sa ido wanda ya dace.

Tashi

Da farko kana buƙatar gane ainihin lokacin da flower ya buƙaci a canza shi. Akwai nau'i biyu na transplanting, wanda aka gudanar da shi dangane da yanayin shuke-shuke da girma kakar:

  • gaggawa - irin wadannan ayyuka sun hada da dasawa bayan sayan, a gaban cututtuka, juyawa daga tushen sa, wuce haddi na danshi a cikin ƙasa, kazalika da karfi mai lalata ƙasa;
  • shirya - Ana gudanar da shi sau da yawa a cikin makonni 2-3 kafin barin jihar hutawa a farkon spring.

Yana da muhimmanci! Gyara bayan sayan da aka saya shi ne a cikin wata daya. - Wannan shine ainihin abin da tsire-tsire ke buƙatar daidaitawa zuwa sabon yanayi. Idan shuka yana cikin lokaci na flowering, to sai dashi bayan sayan ba a aiwatar da shi ba har sai dukkan buds sun fada.

Ana yin gwanin shiryawa dangane da shekaru. Ana kwashe samfurori a kowace shekara, zai fi dacewa a lokaci guda. Ga lokuta da suka kai shekaru 3-5, wannan tsari zai iya faruwa sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3. A lokacin lokutan da ba a aiwatar dashi ba, kana buƙatar cire saman 2-5 cm na ƙasa, dangane da irin tushen tsarin, kuma maye gurbin shi tare da sabon gina jiki na substrate. Canji ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar hanyar haɓakawa tare da adana ƙasa. Don sauƙaƙa da aikin a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan kafin dasawa, zaka iya shayar da tsire-tsire idan ya cancanta. Bayan cire tsire-tsire daga tukunya, ana duba tsarin tushen. An cire magungunan ƙananan, kuma an sarrafa cututtukan tare da cakuda "Fundazole" tare da itace ash.

Koyi yadda za a shuka tsire-tsire na cikin gida yadda ya kamata.

Idan akwai raunuka daga tushen tsarin ko ƙasa ma ya ragu, to, ƙasa yana buƙatar cirewa. Na farko, an raba ƙasa ta hannun hannu, to, an wanke asalinsu karkashin ruwa mai gudu. An cire sassan ɓangaren tushen tsarin da kuma bi da su tare da "Fundazole" tare da toka.

Kuskuren kuskure

Babban kuskure a lokacin dasa / transplanting da kulawa:

  • zurfi mai zurfi;
  • yunkurin cirewa ko kuma fitar da wani abu mai mahimmanci na wani tsire-tsire daga wani ɓacin ruwa;
  • rashin lafiya na maganin ƙasa da tukunya kafin dasa shuki;
  • kuskuren zaɓi na girman tanki;
  • wadanda basu yarda da ka'idodin game da lokacin daidaitawa bayan dasawa ba;
  • Yalwataccen ruwa nan da nan bayan dasa shuki - yana halatta don fesa ƙasa daga raguwa, kuma cikakken watering ya kamata a fara ne kawai bayan mako guda a kananan yanki;
  • rashin kula da ka'idoji game da tsarin tsarin tsabtace ƙasa - ƙananan ramuka a cikin ƙasa, ƙananan yumbu.

Abin da furanni ba za a iya shuka a gida ba

Yin samo furanni don namo gida, yana da kyau mu kusanci wannan batu daga ra'ayi na kimiyya. Wasu daga cikin wakilai na flora na iya zama guba, su ne allergens, su fitar da ƙanshin ƙanshi. Duk nau'ikan Euphorbia suna guba. A lokacin da yake fatalwa mai tushe ko ganye, suna fitar da "madara" mai tsabta, wanda, lokacin da aka fallasa su fara bude fata, yana haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki, tare da flushing, itching, pinching.

Har ila yau, ya kamata a yi hankali da cacti da ke da yawa daga spines mai tsabta - ya kamata a kiyaye su daga iyawar yara.

Cibiyoyin yaran sun hada da:

  • ferns;
  • cyclamens;
  • rhododendrons;
  • geraniums;
  • pelargonium.

Amfani masu amfani don farawa

Ga wasu shawarwari masu amfani don novice florists:

  1. Yi hankali lokacin zabar furanni don gidanka, musamman idan kana da yara ko dabbobi. Koyi duk siffofi na wani misali, da wadata da fursunoni. Har ila yau godiya da yiwuwar shirya yanayi mafi kyau na microclimate.
  2. Don dasa shuki amfani da ƙasa mai gina jiki na gina jiki, hade daidai da halaye na halittu na shuke-shuke.
  3. Bayan da ya kawo sabon wakilin flora gida, kada ku sanya shi nan da nan kusa da samfurori da aka riga aka samo - a cikin maɓallin da kuma kan shuka kanta, akwai yiwuwar cike da fungi da kwari wanda ba a ganuwa ga ido mara kyau.
  4. Lokacin da aka gano alamun farko na cututtukan cututtuka da cutar lalata, an cire samfurin na kamuwa da shi zuwa wani daki, dole ne a dauki matakai masu dacewa don kawar da matsala, kuma dukkanin furen lafiya ya kamata a bi da su tare da halayen prophylactic.
Shin kuna sani? Kayan shuka velvichiya mirabilis yana da ganye kawai. Lambar su ba ta canza ba tare da tsufa na tsire-tsire, wanda shekarunsu a cikin daji zasu iya kai har zuwa shekaru 100.

Gina mai kyau na wakilai na gida na flora abu ne mai mahimmanci wajen rike da tsayayyar juriya na kwayar tsire-tsire ga cututtuka da kwari. Babban aikin mai amfani da shi shi ne ya bi ka'idojin aikin injiniya.

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