Rwenzori Mountains suna daya daga cikin wuraren mafi kyau a Afrika, yawanci saboda bambancin daga cikin mafi kyau tsire-tsire girma a can, musamman, Ugandan gogaggen. Fusho mai haske, kamar fuka-fuki fuka-fuki, suna da sha'awa ga masu shuka furanni. Wannan labarin ya tattauna game da irin wannan shuka a gida.
Bayanin shuka
Wannan wani nau'in shuki-shrub-Poluliana, wanda wasu masanan kimiyya suke magana da iyalin Verbenov, yayin da ra'ayin ra'ayi shi ne cewa shuka ita ce iyalin Cluster (Gubotsvetnykh).
Clerodendrum za a iya bambanta da shi daga sauran wakilan flora saboda irin waɗannan halaye na morphological:
- furanni masu launin furanni biyar (2-2.5 cm), sunyi kama da butterflies;
- wani ƙananan launin mai launin (blue ko lilac) ƙananan petal;
- m, tsayi da tsayi, kamar gashin-baki;
- karfi-girma, ƙananan stalks iya kai 2-2.5 m tsawo;
- da farko m da taushi, amma itace-girma harbe a tsawon lokaci;
- duhu kore, ellipsoidal, dan kadan wrinkled ganye game da 10 cm tsawo;
- panicle inflorescences.
Shin kuna sani? A shuka yana da madadin sunan - myricoid roteka (Rotheca myricoides). Don haka sai an fara kiran shi a cikin kwanan nan, a ƙarshen 90s na karni na karshe, lokacin da masana kimiyya suka fara sasantawa da bambancin jinsi na Rotek, wadda take dauke da ita a Uganda.
Wace yanayi ya kamata a ƙirƙira a gida
Clerodendrum wani tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ne, wanda ke buƙatar samar da yanayi a gare shi kamar yadda ya kamata a yanayin yanayi mai tsabta. Yi la'akari dalla-dalla abubuwan da ake buƙata don abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Ugandan.
Haskewa
Wannan flower ya fi son walƙiya mai kyau, don haka shinge mai shinge na kudanci (a cikin matakai mai tsanani, gabas ko yamma) zai kasance wuri mafi dacewa don wurinsa. A cikin hunturu, dole ne ka yi amfani da hasken baya tare da haske ultraviolet ko fitolampa. A lokacin rani, yafi kyau in dauki flower zuwa gonar ko zuwa bude terrace.
Zazzabi
A lokacin dumi, klerodendrum yana jin dadi a yanayin zafi mai yawa na + 18 ... + 25 ° C. Yakin zafi adversely rinjayar yanayin ganye da kuma saitin buds. A cikin hunturu, flower yana buƙatar yanayin musamman don samun ƙarfi. Tsarin yanayin yanayin zafi mafi kyau shine daga + 12 ... + 16 ° C. Idan babu yiwuwar rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa waɗannan iyaka, an bada shawara a saka gilashin tukunya akan windowsill da gilashi.
Air iska
Wannan shuka yana buƙatar babban zafi cikin dakin, don haka ya kamata ka:
- kiyaye furen daga tsakiyar zafi da radiators (a cikin hunturu);
- Kwace rana yada shi da ruwa mai laushi;
- kula da kasancewar mai walwala;
- sanya tukunya a cikin kwanon rufi tare da yumbu mai yumbu ko peat.
Yadda ake kulawa a gida
Ugandan Clerodendrum wani tsire-tsire ne marar kyau wanda yana buƙatar hanyoyin kulawa da kyau: watering, ciyar, pruning, transplanting.
Watering
A ban ruwa na klerodendrum, ma'auni yana da mahimmanci: ko da yake wannan tsire-tsire yana buƙatar mai yawa da kuma sau (akalla sau 2 a cikin mako) ban ruwa a lokacin girma, amma yawancin ruwa zai haifar da juyawa daga tushen. Bugu da ƙari, suna fara rage watering a cikin fall, suna barin bango na ban ruwa kamar yadda ake buƙata (ba tare da kawo clod din ba a bushewa). Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata ya zama mai laushi (rabu), ya fi dacewa da shi kuma ya dumi (ba ta da zafi fiye da yawan zafin jiki).
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai fi dacewa don yin amfani da ruwa mai iya yin amfani da ƙananan ramuka a ƙarshen don kada ya ɓata ƙasa. Don ganye spraying spray amfani.
Amfani
An yi amfani da takin gargajiya tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai a cikin bazara-rani tsawon lokaci 1 a cikin makonni biyu, tare da hade da ban ruwa. Ana yin amfani da shirye-shiryen ƙwararru da babban abun ciki na phosphorus don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ("Zelenite", "Florumut", "Agricola"). Dole ne ku bi umarnin, koda karamin ragewa a cikin maida hankali. A cikin sanyi sanyi ciyar da tashoshi.
Pruning
Kamar kowane bishiya ko mai karfi shrub, klerodendrum yana buƙatar shrub don farawa. Wannan tsari ne kawai ba'a inganta ba kawai don inganta yanayin shuka, amma kuma don inganta flowering.
Za'a iya kafa fure a hanyoyi uku:
- Kamar layi. Tsarin amber (fadowa harbe) za'a iya kiyaye ta klerodendrum da kansa. Ya isa kawai a farkon bazara (ko a cikin fall, kafin lokacin sauran) don taƙaita iyakar igiyoyi (game da na uku, dangane da girman da ake bukata na shuka), sa'an nan kuma a wani lokaci tsuntsaye kore.
- Kamar bishiya. Don yin wannan, cire dukkan rassan kuma ku bar wata mafaka mai karfi, wanda aka daura da goyon baya. Lokacin da suka isa wani tsawo na 60-70 cm, kambi na kai yana a kai a kai pinned. Saboda haka, an halicci kambiyar itace. Tsarin magungunan harbe da kuma tushen matakan kuma an cire su daga tsarin.
- Kamar daji. A wannan yanayin, bar 3 tsira, kuma sauran an cire. An ƙera kambi na sauran harbe yayin da sabon igiya ya bayyana. Tushen tushe ba a cire ba, don haka daji ya fi girma. Tare da karfi thickening, za ka iya yanka da dama harbe daga tsakiyar daji.
Tashi
Yawan gwanin dasawa ya dogara yafi da shekaru na shuka. Young klerodendrum transplanted a shekara, balagagge - sau ɗaya a shekaru 2-3. Ya kamata a dasa fure a farkon kakar girma, wato a spring. Yawancin lokaci, hanyar dashi yana riga an fara pruning. Sabuwar ƙarfin bazai kasance ya fi girma fiye da baya (ba fiye da 2-3 cm ba tsawo da kuma diamita). Wannan ya shafi kananan shuke-shuke. An shuka wani tsofaffi mai girma a cikin tukwane kamar wadanda suka gabata (don dauke da girma).
Don klerodendrum ya kamata ya zabi ƙasa da kyau, ya kula da waɗannan halaye:
- abinci mai gina jiki;
- m acidity (PH 5-6);
- friability, breathability.
Tsarin kayan ajiya mai tsabta (wanda aka saya don rosary) ko shirye-shiryen da aka shirya a cikin ƙasa ya dace:
- leaf humus - 2 sassa;
- Peat - 1 sashi;
- kogin yashi - 1 part.
Fidio: Clerodendrum Transplant
A dashi faruwa wannan hanya:
- Ana rarraba ƙasa (ta zalunta tare da antifungal ko calcined a cikin tanda).
- A kasan sabon tukunya sa Layer Layer (fadada yumbu, tsakuwa) har zuwa tsawon mita 4-5.
- Zuba ƙasa.
- An cire fure daga tukunya. An girgiza ƙasa daga tushen, kuma tushen kansu suna wanke a karkashin ruwa mai gudu kuma dan kadan a yanka.
- An dasa shuka a cikin wani sabon akwati kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa, wanda aka tamped kuma yana da kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yin amfani da ganyayyaki na Ugandan, za su iya haifar da sakin kayan mai da kuma bayyanar wani abu, maimakon ƙanshi.
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don samun sababbin tsire-tsire daga karancinka, tare da jin dadin abokan aiki a floriculture, waɗanda ba su sami lokaci ba don samun "malam buɗe ido":
- Cuttings. A lokacin pruning, rassan suna rabu zuwa sassa tare da 3-4 internodes, kowanne yankan yana da manyan ganye, kowanne daga abin da za a iya yanke a cikin rabin (sabõda haka, cuttings ba bushe). Ƙasarin cuttings ana bi da shi tare da bunkasa ci gaba kuma an samo shi cikin ƙasa mai laushi. An sanya shi tare da cuttings da aka rufe tare da tsare ko sanya shi a babban akwati filastik, rufe murfin sama. Kwantena suna buƙatar iska ta yau da kullum. A cikin aiwatar da rooting cuttings plentifully shayar. Tsarin tsire-tsire za a iya rushe shi a cikin ruwa (a cikin kwalba da aka cika da ruwa don na uku, wanda ya canza kowane kwanaki 2-3).
- Tsarin iri. A tsakiyar watan Maris, an sanya tsaba a cikin kofuna na peat (ko kawai a cikin tukwane da cakuda peat da yashi), an shafe shi da yalwa da ruwa kuma an rufe shi da tsare. An ajiye wannan ganyaye a cikin wuri mai dumi da haske, a kan yin shi yau da kullum (bayan fitowar harbe, lokacin samun iska ya karu). Bayan 'yan watanni, matasa klerodendrum sun dasa zuwa wuri mai dindindin.
Bidiyo: Saukewa na cututtuka na tsararru
Difficulties a girma
Matsalolin da suka fi yawa tare da girma klerodendrum sun fito ne daga lambu saboda rashin kulawar shuka. Damage da cututtuka da kwari na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ma suna da yawa.
Me yasa ba yayi girma ba?
Fure masu launin furanni suna murna da idanu masu magunguna, farawa a cikin tsakiyar bazara da kuma lokacin bazara. Wani lokaci growers koka game da rashin flowering.
Dalilin da wannan zai iya zama da yawa:
- yanayin yanayin hunturu mara kyau (ma dumi na cikin gida da kuma yawan ruwa);
- ba daidai ba ne kuma ba tare da izini ba (ka tuna cewa furanni na samuwa akan rassa guda ɗaya);
- rashi na phosphorus da potassium, da kuma wuce haddi na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa;
- ba dashi na dogon lokaci.
Cututtuka da kwari
Clerodendrum sukan sha wahala daga chlorosis. Da wannan cuta, ganye suna juya rawaya, m, curl da fada a kashe, kuma furanni sun bushe. Chlorosis yawancin lalacewa ne saboda rashin ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe da rashin cin zarafin chlorophyll.
Shin kuna sani? Hanyar mutane masu ban sha'awa game da maganin chlorosis - kafawa da tsummoki a cikin tukunya tare da shuka.
Don hana cutar ya kamata:
- kula da acidity da permeability na kasar gona;
- daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ruwa da furanni da ruwan acidified (1 tsp na citric acid ko cider vinegar a lita 5 na ruwa).
Idan shuka ya riga ya shafi chlorosis, dole ne a yada shi da taki tare da irin baƙin ƙarfe (Ferrovit, Ferrilen).
Baya ga chlorosis, akwai matsaloli masu zuwa tare da klerodendrum saboda rashin kulawa mara kyau:
- ƙananan launin rawaya a kan foliage (saboda wuri mara kyau na furanni - rashin isasshen haske ko, a cikin wasu, hasken rana mai haskakawa);
- yellowing ganye (saboda rashin danshi);
- bushe bushe a kan ganye (ya haifar da zane-zane da ƙananan iska mai zafi);
- zubar da buds da foliage (saboda iska mai bushe).
Amma ga kwari, mafi sau da yawa, klerodendrum ya zama abu mai hankali:
- Gizo-gizo mite. Wurin gizo gizo gizo ya bayyana a kan shuka, ya bar fade. Da farko, ana iya wanke alamar ta hannun hannu tare da maganin sabulu, a cikin maganganun da aka ci gaba amma kwakwalwa zai taimaka.
- Aphids. Matsanancin tasirinsa yana haifar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, furen furewa. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a cire kayan ɓangarorin da ba a taɓa shafa ba tare da bata lokaci ba kuma su bi da kwakwalwa tare da kwari (alal misali, "Aktaroy").
- Farin tashi. Wannan aphid aphid yana da sauƙi don ƙayyade ta fuskar fararen farin a kan bishiyoyi, kamar su sukari. A cikin yaki da whitefly, suna aiki kamar yadda a cikin akwati na aphids.
Klerodendrum Ugandan ba shi da kariya a cikin kulawa kuma ana iya samun sauƙin girma har ma da wani mawaki mai mahimmanci. Wannan karshen zai isa ya cika shawarwarin da aka gabatar a cikin labarin, kuma nan da nan ya sami ladansa tare da wasan kwaikwayo na furanni masu kyau da kuma kyawawan furanni.
