Itaciyar Zilga mai jure yanayin sanyi: fasali na namo

Abubuwan sha'awar lambu suna girma inabi a cikin ɗakunan rani yana girma kowace shekara. Saplings na wannan shuka suna da sauƙin saya a ɗakunan ajiya na musamman da kan layi. Domin kada ya zama abin takaici, a hankali la'akari da zaɓin iri-iri. Daga baya iri dake buƙatar ɗumamar yanayi don cikakken ripening. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, ba da fifiko ga nau'ikan farkon tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Samu nau'ikan nau'in zano da suka tabbatar da kansu a yankinku. Itacen innabi na Zilga musamman domin girma cikin yanayin matsanancin yanayi.

Tarihin girma nau'ikan innabi na Zilga

An ba da bambance-bambancen a farkon 60s na karni na XX da mai shayarwa ta Latvian P. Sukatnieks ta tsallake nau'ikan uku: da Moldavian Smuglyanka, da Jubilee Novgorod na Rasha da kuma Latvian Dviestes zilas (Dvietsky blue). Zaɓin iyayen da ke da sanyi-sanyi sun ba mu damar ƙirƙirar iri-iri waɗanda za su iya girma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi da tsayayya da bushewar dusar ƙanƙara ba tare da tsari ba, tsayayya da cututtuka, tare da manyan berries mai daɗi.

Hoton Hoto: Iyaye iri

An samo nau'ikan D Sovietes tare da halayen kurangar innabi na Vure labrusca, wanda ya ba shi takamaiman "dandano mai dawakai". Zilga ta gaji ƙamshi mai kamannin itace irin ta mahaifiyarta.

'Ya'yan innabin Fox, "fox Berry", suna da alaƙa da sunan nau'in Vitis labrusca. An san nau'ikan ƙwayar cutar ta - Isabella inabi yana girma daji a cikin gandun daji na yankin Black Sea. Dandalin "Strawberry" an danganta shi da kasancewar ƙoshin mai na musamman a cikin fata na itacen berry. Ruwan ruwan 'ya'yan itacen innabi yana da kyanda. Berries da aka ci a adadi mai yawa na iya haifar da hangula na mucosa na baka.

Bayanin nau'ikan innabi na Zilga

Yawancin hunturu-Hardy yana da nasara a cikin Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Kanada, Sweden, Norway da Belarus; zai iya yin hunturu ba tare da tsari. Shortarancin gajeren girma yana ba ku damar samun amfanin gona a cikin gari, yankin Leningrad, a Siberiya. Daban-daban na duniya dalilai, berries za a iya ci sabo ne, kuma Ya sanya daga gare su ruwan inabi. Inabi suna da ƙarfi, tare da ganyayyaki uku-lobed; a cikin jihohin Baltic ana amfani da shi don yin ado gazebos da wuraren shakatawa.

Yawancin nau'ikan da ba sa buƙatar tsari ana shuka su a arbor

Daga wannan daji zaka iya zuwa 12 kilogiram na berries. Gungu a cikin nau'i na mazugi, silinda ko lobes suna da yawa, suna auna 300 - 400 grams. A kan harba guda, gungu 2 zuwa 3 na iya girma.

M berries tare da m lokacin farin ciki fata na duhu blue launi reminiscent na Isabella inabi. Jelly-like pulp "an" cika "a cikin nau'i na jaka tare da manyan tsaba biyu zuwa uku.

Inabi na farkon ripening, ana iya girbi amfanin gona a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Da ya fi tsayi da berries rataye a daji, da sweeter suka zama. Idan kaka ya bushe da dumi, inabi ya bar akan rassan ya bushe ya juya ya zama sabbin sa.

Halaye na nau'ikan innabi na Zilga

Wannan nau'in yana da kyakkyawar fata don haɓaka a cikin yankuna na arewacin. Yana yiwuwa a sami amfanin gona a Yankin Moscow, Udmurtia, Siberiya, Yankin Leningrad, da Urals.

Yawancin itacen Zilga mai ɗanɗano tare da berries dandano isabel

Halaye

• Bishiyar sanyi Idan ba tsari, zai iya jure sanyi har zuwa - 25 ° C (a cewar wasu kafofin, har zuwa - 37 ° C).
• Fi son dan kadan acidic kasa.
• Resistant zuwa mildew, launin toka rot da oidium. A karkashin yanayin mummunan, spraying na tilas wajibi ne.
• Nau'in bishiyar farkon, lokacin ciyayi 102 - 108 days.
• Harbe-kaka na shekara-shekara ya karu da kashi 85%.
• Tall, a cikin yankuna masu sanyi suna buƙatar mai yawa pruning.
• Ganawa, na iya hunturu ba tare da ƙarin tsari ba.
• Kai pollinating, siffofin bisexual furanni.
• Manyan berriesa'idodin berries suna yin la'akari har zuwa 4 g.
• Abun sukari a cikin berries shine 18-22%.
• Acidity na 'ya'yan itacen ya kai 5 g / l.
• Tasteanɗanawar berries shine “isabile” (“labrusque”, “dawakai”).
• Yawan dandano mai dandano 7.1 maki (daga 10).
• Daban-daban na duniya manufar.

Mildew yana da ƙasa mildew. Cutar ta bayyana kanta a cikin yanayi mai sanyin zafi da gumi. Oidium ɗan fari ne, yanayin bushewar ƙasa yana bayar da gudummawa ga ci gabanta. Wadannan cututtukan fungal basu da lokaci don cutar da inabi da ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Siffofin dasa shuki da nau'in innabi na Zilga

'Ya'yan inabin mara misalai ba su da bukatun kulawa. Babban matakan da dole ne mai aikin lambu yayi:

• don samun kyakkyawan zuriya;
• zaɓi rana, wadda ba ta mafaka daga wurin iska;
• dasa yadda ya kamata;
• lokaci-lokaci ciyar da ruwa;
• kare amfanin gona;
• gwargwadon aiwatar da pruning shekara-shekara;
• shirya don hunturu.

Bidiyo: Itacen inabi na Zilga ya girma a Belarus

Yadda za a zabi zuriya

A bu mai kyau in sayi seedling tare da tsarin tushen bude kai tsaye kafin dasa shuki a gonar. Lokacin da sayen seedling, kula da bayyanar:

• Tsarin seedling tare da tsarin buɗe tushen ya kamata ya sami tushen Tushen sama da uku. Tushen tushen haske ne, mai laushi.
• Harbi ya kamata launin ruwan kasa, yanki ya zama kore.
• Tsawan tsalle dole ne ya zama aƙalla 10 cm, tsawo na seedling tare da tsarin buɗe tushen - aƙalla 40 cm.

Hoto na hoto: graa graan innabi, zaɓi da shuka

Sapling tare da bude tushen tsarin kafin dasa, drip cikin ƙasa rigar a cikin akwati dace. Idan mun sayi kifi a cikin kwandon, mun taurare shi kafin mu dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. Mun tsaya na tsawon kwanaki akan windowsill na gidan, sannan muka canzawa zuwa gidan kore, sannan muka sanya shi cikin lambun awanni da yawa. Da farko mun sanya shi a cikin wuri mai duhu, sa'an nan kuma mu musanya shi a karkashin hasken rana.

Young innabi daji za a iya girma a matsayin tukunyar tukunya

Za a iya girma ɗan itacen innabi a cikin tukunya, damar 5 zuwa 8 lita ya isa. Ya ji daɗi a cikin loggia da greenhouse, tukunya tare da shuka za a iya fallasa su ga sararin samaniya. A cikin hunturu, ana tsabtace shuka a cikin bene mai sanyi ko nutsar da tukunya a cikin lambu, yana rufe itacen inabin.

Saukowa

Za'a iya saukowa a cikin kaka da bazara. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, an fi son shuka shuki. Mun dasa shuka a cikin wani wuri na dindindin yayin da barazanar daskarewa ta shude. A arewa maso yamma, ana iya yin hakan a farkon watan Yuni. A cikin kaka, ana shuka inabi a wata guda kafin farkon yanayin sanyi.

Lokacin dasa shuki, muna shirya rami a fall:

• Mun zabi wurin da yake rana, kariya daga iska.
• Ya kamata zurfin cikin takin ƙasa ya kasance aƙalla cm 70. Idan ruwan ƙasa ya kusanto ga fuskar ƙasa, za mu dasa shi a kan tekuna.
• Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, yumɓu, ya zama dole a kawo yashi a cikin ramin saukowa.
• Muna tono rami mai zurfi 60 cm, sanya magudana a ƙasa, cike ƙasa mai dausarwa (ƙasar gona + taki na doki + takin), kuma rufe tare da fim mai duhu a saman.

Mun dasa innabi seedling a cikin shirye wuri

Kafin dasawa, cire wuce haddi daga rami, shigar da bututun ban ruwa da dasa shuki, a hankali yada Tushen. Tushen diddige a kan ƙarshen ƙarshen seedling yana buƙatar zurfafa 40 cm a cikin ƙasa. Idan tsawo daga cikin seedling baya yarda da wannan, bar wani rami, wanda muke sa'an nan barci.

Muna tallafawa ƙasar a cikin kewayen kusa-mai tsabta na ciyayi. Inabi ba sa yin haƙuri da mahalli tare da calendula da sunflower, ana amfani da shi ta hanyar amfani da strawberries, pansies, dill, karas, radishes da alayyafo.

Watse

Plantasa kawai inji shuka yana buƙatar tsari ruwa. Inabi na girma sosai akan ƙasa mai laushi. Idan bazara ta bushe, dole ne a shayar lokaci lokaci. Da zaran ovary ya fara nunawa, an daina shawo kan ruwa.

Zuba inabi a ƙarƙashin tushe tare da bututu

Inabi ba sa yin haƙuri da tururuwar ruwa. Don karkatar da ruwa mai yalwa daga cikin da'irar kusa, yana da bu mai kyau yin tsagi mara tsabta kusa da kewaye.

Manyan miya

An bada shawara don ciyar da shuka tare da kwayoyin halitta a kowace shekara 3. Don yin wannan, 50 cm daga tushe tare da kewaye, tono rami mara zurfi a ciki wanda muke sanya dokin rotted ko naman saniya. yayyafa tsagi da ƙasa. Muna yin wannan rigar miya a cikin bazara, a wani daji zaku buƙaci guga na taki.

Bayan fure, shuka yana buƙatar phosphorus, zaku iya yin gilashin 1 na ash a ƙarƙashin daji. A cikin kaka, yana da kyau ku ciyar da inabin da ash; potassium da ke ciki zai taimaka wa shuka yadda ya kamata don damuna. Zamu kara 300 g na ash karkashin daji, wanda shine gilashin 3.

Adana girbin

Berries masu dadi suna son jin daɗin wasps. Domin kada a barshi ba tare da amfanin gona ba, sanya tarkuna daga kwalaben filastik tare da bayani mai kyau ga kwari kusa da itacen inabi:

• ruwa tare da zuma;
• giya tare da ruwa;
• ruwa tare da vinegar.

Sauƙaƙe na kwari don wasps zai taimaka wajen kare girbin inabi.

Rigakafin cutar

Ko da yake wannan iri-iri ne da tsayayya wa cututtukan fungal na inabi, mildew da oidium, matakan kariya masu sauƙi ba za a yi sakaci ba, musamman a cikin mawuyacin yanayi (matsanancin rigar ko lokacin bazara).

Hoton hoto: cututtukan fungal na inabi

Matakan rigakafin:

• A datse itacen bushewa.
• Cire ciyawar.
• Ahankali fitar da daji domin yana da kyau ventilated.

A wani lokaci muna aiwatar sau biyu tare da maganin maganin kashe-kashe (Fundazol, Topaz, Maxim, Horus, Abiga-Peak) ko ruwa na Bordeaux (1%). Ana aiwatar da sarrafawa a farkon bazara da kaka, bayan girbi. A farkon bayyanar mai rauni da cutar, fesawa tare da maganin soda (0.5%) ko kuma ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan zai taimaka.

Mai jan tsami

Wannan nau'in innabi mai saurin girma yana buƙatar pruning mai ƙarfi. Ana kafa gungulen Berry akan ci gaban shekara ta yanzu. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, muna cire yawancin harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara da biennial saboda kar su sha wahala daga sanyi. Muna gudanar da aikin wajibci na shekara-shekara a lokacin bazara, barin 5 zuwa 7 buds a kan shoot. A lokacin rani muna yanke harbe mai tsayi da yawa kuma muna karya sauran. Matasa daji (har zuwa shekaru biyu) ba za a iya datsa.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

'Ya'yan itacen sanyi na Zilga ana ɗaukar rashin sutura. A cikin kasashen Baltic da kudanci Kudancin Belarus ana iya barshi akan trellises; a cikin kewayen birni da yankin Leningrad, yana da kyawawa don kare tsarin tushen ta hanyar rufe shi da rassan spruce kuma yanke harbe-gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu. Wannan innabi yana girma a Siberiya, za'a iya buƙatar ƙarin matakan da yawa don kare ta daga dusar ƙanƙara.

Bidiyo: muna aika inabi zuwa hunturu a cikin taya

Bidiyo: yankan daidai kuma an rufe inabi

Ba za ku iya rufe itacen inabi ba saboda gwaji. Tushen tsiro zai iya murmurewa daga rarar barci a ɓangaren tushe na tushe, idan ɓangaren amman ya daskare. Kada ku yi hanzari a cikin bazara don cire harba da lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi, yana da ikon "zuwa rai".

Yadda za a hanzarta ripening na inabõbi

Matsakaicin zafin jiki don ci gaban inabi shine 20 - 30 ° C. Fewan dabaru masu sauƙi zasu haifar da yanayi mai kyau don narkar da ita da rage lokacin jirawar amfanin gona.

Muna kirkirar yanayi mai kyau don inabi

• Mun samar da volumetric daji gaba ɗaya mai zafin rana.
• A gefen arewa muna sanya fararen allo. Idan itacen inabi ya girma kusa da gidan, fenti bangon da fararen kaya.
• Muna kula da bushewar ƙasa, muna shayar da bututu da girka, in ya yiwu, mai gani ko alfarwa a kan shuka.
• Lokacin da muke shirya ramin, muna sanya allunan ko rajistan ayyukan don rufin zafi.
• Muna ba da tsintsin tsintsiyar zafi daga kwalban filastik mai duhu tare da ruwa, zurfinsa shine 20 cm.
• Ciya ciyawa a cikin yankin dasa tare da tsaku ko tsakuwa. A cikin bazara zaku iya sa baƙar fata baƙar fata.
• A lokacin bazara a ƙarƙashin daji muna kwance CD - fayafai don nuna hasken rana.

Girma a cikin gidan kore na tsawon makonni 2 zuwa 3 zai kimanta lokacin da za'a ɗauko berries. 'Ya'yan inabi, za'a iya dasa shukar a cikin kore tare da tumatir, a ajiye shi kusa da bangon arewa.

Nasiha

Babu wani abu a ciki da yake da kyau. Ba ya da tsayayya ga mildew, ɗanɗano shine mediocre, labrusca na yau da kullun, ya sami kashi 21% na sukari a Kolomna, ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ruwan inabin sun kasance ƙarancin ƙwayoyin cuta, a tsawon lokaci kowa yana farawa ƙoshin lafiya bayan labrusca, har ma waɗanda ke yabe su yau.

Victor 55 (Kolomna MO)//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=414.0

Kundin ƙarfe ga yan arewa !!! Zilga da Juoduppe sun kamu cikin matsanancin yanayi a bara, hazo da safe, ruwan sama a rana, sanyi a dare, kuma a kalla ... pollinated at 5+. Kuma ɗayan fewan da aka girka, duk da cewa bazara ba ta ban mamaki ba ce. Ina son dandano, ƙara ma'aurata ƙarin bushes.

Gennady Alexandrovich (Udmurtia)//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=414.0

A wannan shekara Ina da ZILGA kawai abin ban mamaki - gungu suna da yawa (har zuwa 400 gram), berries suna da yawa, ba suyi birgewa ba, mai dadi (ya rigaya 19%), wasps ɗin ba su yi guduma ba, ba sa yin rashin lafiya, ɗanɗano yana da wadata da tsayi, tare da sautin hasken labrus na asali.

Alexander (Zelenograd)//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-2824.html

Na kasance ina girma Zilga tsawon shekaru hudu. Karka taba wani abu. Zuwa yau, kurangar ta yi tsayi na tsawon mil 2.5. Kuma akwai kusan gundumomin guda hamsin a cikin daji. Tabbas, ba su da girma, amma har yanzu suna da yawa. An yi giya daga shi a bara, ba tare da samun wani abin kwatantawa ba, Na fi son shi, ya fi shagon kyau. Berries suna samun sukari har sai cloying. Wannan shine daji da na fi so. Tabbas, berries suna da kyau, amma Zilga shine yafi matsala.

Reg//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-2824.html

Duk da haka ta cikakke! Ba tare da wata dabara ba don haɓaka CAT! A wannan shekara, CAT bai kai digiri 1900 ba. Fruiting na farko, ya bar goge 2 a kowane harbi, bai lura ba, a wasu wuraren akwai goge 3. Zilga ta cire komai. Ta ci gaba da samun sukari bayan sanyi, inda ta kashe ciyawar kwata, a matsakaicin yanayin yau da kullun daga digiri 4 zuwa 13. Rashin ƙarfi a cikin ɗanɗano ya ɓace, ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga Berry kawai mai dadi ne. Don kwatantawa, Varduva ƙarƙashin yanayi ɗaya bai balaga ba, kodayake tana da goge-goge na dozin.

Nat50108//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-2824.html

Mai riƙe da rakodin don tallafin aji Zilga. Yawancin suna yaduwa a cikin Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Sweden, Norway, Amurka da Kanada. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farkon arewacin viticulture. Tsayayya da cuta da Hardy. Muna da a cikin Lithuania ba sutura, ba da haƙuri-35 gr. Abubuwan da ke cikin sukari na ya kai har zuwa 18% ... ... Zilga yana ba da 'ya'yan itace da kyau tare da manyan abubuwa. Iri-iri suna da 'ya'ya, suna ba da babban harbe. A Lithuania, ana amfani dashi don gine-ginen gona, shimfidar wurare daban-daban, arches. Ana amfani da berry sabo ne da giya da aka yi a gida.

Rijus//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-2824.html

... Na sayi Zilgu wannan bazara, itacen inabi ya riga ya yi toho kuma ganyayyaki sun koma ja. Don hunturu zan rufe kamar wardi - rami daga arcs da lutrasil-60 a cikin yadudduka da yawa, saboda idan itacen inabi mai ɗaci zai iya tsayayya da daskararren sanyi, to Tushen zai kai kawai - digiri 7.

Irinakir (Moscow)//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=913424

... Zilga inabi (Latvian. Zaɓaɓɓun) ba su da tsari, sanyi ne mai jure sanyi, yana gama ciyawar da wuri. Idan kana da shi matashi, zai fi kyau ka cire shi don hunturu ka rufe shi, misali, wani mat. Na sauƙaƙa Zilga na ƙasa, kuma ban taɓa yin sanyi ba ko da ba tare da wurin dusar ƙanƙara ba. A wannan shekara ba zan harba kwalliya ba, kawai a yanka.

Riga mace (Riga)//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=913424

Wannan shine amfanina na farko. Zilga da Star B ... Hakan ya faru cewa a wannan shekara an bar su ba tare da kulawa da kulawa ba, ba su kama tsari, ba su yankan ba, ba sa ruwa, kuma ba su ciyarwa. Sun tattara kilogiram 5. Sun kusan zama iri ɗaya cikin dandano, Zilga kawai ya zama mai daɗi a gabanin, a cikin watan Agusta, kuma an tattara Star B a watan Satumba. Komai zaiyi kyau, kawai kasusuwa a ciki sunada yawa, da zasuyi irin wannan kuma ba tare da rami ba ...

Valeria (Yankin Moscow)//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=584&start=780

Suna hibernate wannan shekara cikakken ba tare da tsari, kawai vines, Golden Potapenko da Zilga sun lanƙwasa. Don haka bari mu ga yadda suka farka, yadda suke wuya.

ɗan Arewa (St. Petersburg)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t= 9038 & shafi = 11

Canjin yanayi da ya haifar da ɗumamar yanayi a duniya ta dace don sauya iyakokin sinadarai zuwa yankuna na arewacin. A arewa, ana rama rashin yawan kwanakin da ke tattare da yanayin zafi gwargwadon lokutan hasken rana. Sabbin nau'o'in suna fitowa a kai a kai, ba kamar yadda ake neman zafi kamar dangi na kudu ba. Inabi na farko na hunturu da damina na Zilga suna alƙawarin girma a yankuna na arewacin. Amincewa da ka'idodi don kulawa da shi a cikin bazara, itacen inabi zai faranta maka girbi mai kyau na berries tare da takamaiman dandano "isabelic".